Middle East report (New York, N.Y.)最新文献

Devices and desires: population policy and gender roles in the Islamic Republic. 手段和愿望:伊斯兰共和国的人口政策和性别角色。

Middle East report (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1994-09-01 DOI: 10.2307/3012460

H. Hoodfar

{"title":"Devices and desires: population policy and gender roles in the Islamic Republic.","authors":"H. Hoodfar","doi":"10.2307/3012460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3012460","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There is a widely held assumption that Islamist ideology is incompatible with modernity and feminism. Active debate in Iran about the dynamics of population policy and women's rights and responsibilities, together with the government's efforts to build public consensus on the need for birth control and family planning, however, suggest that Islam may be flexible and adaptable in response to political and economic realities. Iranian women individually and collectively have questioned the male interpretation of the proper Islamic role of women. They have encouraged the government to introduce reforms in the areas of marriage, divorce, and education, and are agitating for more improvement in women's legal and social position. These activities indicate that reproductive choices and strategies are not decided by Islam, but are the product of the political and economic realities of a given society. The first population policy of the Islamic Republic was formulated in 1989. Since then, the Family Planning Board has regenerated itself well beyond its pre-revolution capacity in terms of research and public services. Population policy before and after the Islamic Revolution, building national consensus on family planning, the family planning network, women's status, contradictory signals, and women's options are discussed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":83805,"journal":{"name":"Middle East report (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"24 190 1","pages":"11-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3012460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68491642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Demographic change in the Arab world: the impact of migration, education and taxes in Egypt and Morocco. 阿拉伯世界的人口变化:埃及和摩洛哥移民、教育和税收的影响。

Middle East report (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1994-09-01 DOI: 10.2307/3012462

Y. Courbage

{"title":"Demographic change in the Arab world: the impact of migration, education and taxes in Egypt and Morocco.","authors":"Y. Courbage","doi":"10.2307/3012462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3012462","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The populations of Egypt and Morocco have grown since the beginning of the century from approximately 10 to 57 million and less than 5 to 25.5 million, respectively. Egypt and Morocco are two of the most populous Arab countries. After a long period of demographic growth, they adopted less pronatalist legislation and implemented family planning programs starting in the 1960s. Egypt's rate of total fertility (TFR) at that time was 6.7 children per woman, lower than most of the Arab world and lower than Morocco's 7.2. Egypt's fertility since then, however, has remained at 5-6, only dropping below 5 in 1989. TFR in Morocco increased to 7.4 in 1973, declined to 5.9 over the period 1973-77, and fell below 4 in 1989. The author questions why the goals of fertility control programs have not been reached in Egypt, yet have been surpassed in Morocco. Available data on contraceptive prevalence and breastfeeding practices would predict the opposite to be the case. 35.9% used birth control methods in Morocco in 1987 and 37.8% in Egypt in 1988. 6.9%, however, used less effective traditional methods in Morocco compared to only 2.4% who used such methods in Egypt. Egyptian women breastfeed their babies for 17.3 months compared to 14.4 months among Moroccan women, while between the ages 20-24, 60% of Egyptian women are married compared to 45% of women in Morocco. Moroccan and Egyptian families resist traditional explanations of demographic transition. It is concluded that although educational status affects fertility in the Maghrib and Mashriq, greater female labor force participation, state-citizen fiscal relations, and foreign migration play major determining roles.\u0000","PeriodicalId":83805,"journal":{"name":"Middle East report (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"24 190 1","pages":"19-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3012462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68491680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Yemeni workers come home: reabsorbing one million migrants. 也门工人回国:重新吸收100万移民。

Middle East report (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1993-03-01 DOI: 10.2307/3013016

T. B. Stevenson

引用次数: 17

Migrants, workers and refugees: the political economy of population movements in the Middle East. 移民、工人和难民:中东人口流动的政治经济学。

Middle East report (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1993-03-01 DOI: 10.2307/3013013

M. Humphrey

引用次数: 17

The challenge of population growth in Morocco. 摩洛哥人口增长的挑战。

Middle East report (New York, N.Y.) Pub Date : 1993-03-01 DOI: 10.2307/3013019

G. Sabagh

引用次数: 7