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Issues in emerging health technologies最新文献

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Laparoscopic diaphragm pacing for tetraplegia. 腹腔镜膈肌起搏治疗四肢瘫痪。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2009-09-01
R Dibidino, A Morrison
{"title":"Laparoscopic diaphragm pacing for tetraplegia.","authors":"R Dibidino,&nbsp;A Morrison","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) The NeuRx DPS is a laparoscopically implanted device that provides ventilatory support. (2) This device stimulates the diaphragm muscle, rather than the phrenic nerve, and is intended to lead to less risk of nerve damage than other therapies.(3) This technology provides an alternative to mechanical ventilation, and allows patients to increase day-to-day freedom and minimize the risk of respiratory infection. (4) The NeuRx DPS safety profile is based on clinical testing, which began with clinical trials starting in 2000. It has the potential to reduce costs, but this has not been well established.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 115","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28581602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rotigotine transdermal patches (Neupro) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. 罗替戈汀透皮贴剂(Neupro)用于治疗帕金森病。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2008-02-01
V Chatsis
{"title":"Rotigotine transdermal patches (Neupro) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"V Chatsis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 112","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27333442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Milnacipran for fibromyalgia. 米尔纳西普兰治疗纤维肌痛。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2008-02-01
J Dempsey
{"title":"Milnacipran for fibromyalgia.","authors":"J Dempsey","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Milnacipran is an antidepressant that is under investigation for the treatment of fibromyalgia (a chronic pain disorder). (2) Preliminary evidence suggests that milnacipran may benefit some patients with fibromyalgia, but adverse effects may limit its use. (3) Complete results of phase 3 trials have not yet been published. Further studies are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of milnacipran, determine optimal dosing, confirm if beneficial effects are sustained, and clarify the drug's role relative to, and in conjunction with, other treatments for fibromyalgia.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 114","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27332956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (Mircera) for renal anemia. 持续促红细胞生成素受体激活剂(Mircera)治疗肾性贫血。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2008-02-01
L McGahan
{"title":"Continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (Mircera) for renal anemia.","authors":"L McGahan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) is a third-generation erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA). CERA is used to correct anemia and maintain hemoglobin levels in patients with renal (kidney) failure. CERA is administered either once every two weeks (to correct anemia) or once per month (to maintain hemoglobin levels). This offers a potential advantage over other ESAs that require more frequent administration. (2) Two phase 3 trials involving erythropoietin-naïve patients found no difference between correcting renal anemia with CERA once every two weeks compared to results with other ESAs that were administered up to three times weekly. Four phase 3 trials reported that maintenance of stable hemoglobin levels in dialysis patients with once-monthly CERA was comparable to other agents that were administered up to three times weekly. Further clinical trials are needed to examine other important outcomes, such as mortality and major adverse effects. (3) The most common adverse effects with CERA were hypertension, diarrhea, headache, and upper respiratory tract infection. There was a higher risk of procedural hypotension (low blood pressure during administration), gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and tachycardia with CERA compared to other ESAs. (4) Administration of CERA at extended intervals may simplify anemia management, reduce the burden on patients, and decrease health care staff time spent administering the treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 113","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27333441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implantable hemodynamic monitoring (the Chronicle IHM system): remote telemonitoring for patients with heart failure. 植入式血流动力学监测(Chronicle IHM系统):用于心力衰竭患者的远程监测。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2008-01-01
C Ho
{"title":"Implantable hemodynamic monitoring (the Chronicle IHM system): remote telemonitoring for patients with heart failure.","authors":"C Ho","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Remote monitoring for ambulatory heart failure patients uses an implantable device to record hemodynamic data and transmit it to a central server for continuous assessment. (2) Preliminary evidence from observational studies suggests a potential for reducing hospitalizations with the use of right ventricle implantable hemodynamic monitoring (IHM). However, although a multicentre, randomized controlled trial (COMPASS-HF) showed a reduction in hospitalizations in the IHM group the results were not statistically significant and the US Food and Drug Administration panel concluded the trial failed to meet its primary efficacy endpoint. (3) In the COMPASS-HF study the most common device-related complication was lead dislodgement. (4) Large randomized controlled trials are needed to demonstrate the clinical utility of IHM, particularly in terms of its impact on reducing hospitalization and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 111","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27333443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: a Canadian update. 人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗:加拿大的最新进展。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2007-12-01
V Foerster, J Murtagh
{"title":"Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: a Canadian update.","authors":"V Foerster,&nbsp;J Murtagh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A common sexually transmitted infection, human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to the development of cervical, anogenital, and head and neck cancers and genital warts. (2) Several randomized controlled trials have explored the efficacy and safety of two vaccines for primary prevention of infection by HPV types 16 and 18, those most commonly implicated in the development of cervical cancer. (3) An HPV vaccine, Gardasil, was approved in Canada in 2006, and a second vaccine, Cervarix, is undergoing Health Canada review. (4) Some unresolved questions about HPV vaccinations relate to the ideal age for immunization, duration of effect, immunization of women already infected, vaccination of males, implications for Papanicolaou (Pap) smear programs, barriers to uptake, need for monitoring and registries, cost effectiveness, and programs to ensure access for special populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 109","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41058066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maraviroc (Celsentri) for multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. Maraviroc (Celsentri)治疗耐多药人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2007-12-01
S Ndegwa
{"title":"Maraviroc (Celsentri) for multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1.","authors":"S Ndegwa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Maraviroc belongs to a new class of antiretroviral drugs designed to block entry of HIV-1 into CD4+ T-cells via the CCR5 coreceptor. It is indicated for combination therapy in treatment-experienced adults infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 that is resistant to multiple antiretroviral agents. (2) Results from two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indicate that in treatment experienced patients, maraviroc, combined with optimized background therapy (OBT), significantly decreases the level of HIV-1 RNA in the blood (viral load) when compared with OBT alone. The number of patients achieving undetectable viral loads and CD4+ cell count increases were also significantly higher in those receiving maraviroc. (3) Most patients experiencing treatment failure with maraviroc exhibit tropism changes from CCR5-tropic to CXCR4-using virus, but there is no evidence of disease progression. (4) Adverse effects reported with maraviroc include cough, fever, upper respiratory tract infections, rash, muscle and joint pain, abdominal pain, and postural hypotension (dizziness). No significant increases in cardiovascular events, hepatotoxicity, infections or malignancies have been reported with short-term maraviroc therapy. Several post-marketing studies will assess maraviroc's long-term safety for immune function, liver function, malignancy, cardiac events, and risks associated with changes in tropism. (5) Results from an ongoing trial in treatment naive patients suggest that maraviroc may not be superior in terms of viral suppression to standard therapy, but may significantly increase the number of CD4+ T-cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 110","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27118479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grazax: an oral vaccine for the treatment of grass pollen allergy (hay fever). Grazax:用于治疗草花粉过敏(花粉热)的口服疫苗。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2007-11-01
C Allison, J Fraser
{"title":"Grazax: an oral vaccine for the treatment of grass pollen allergy (hay fever).","authors":"C Allison,&nbsp;J Fraser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grazax is a self-administered, once-daily, tablet-based vaccine that offers an alternative to allergy shots for adults with grass pollen allergy (hay fever). (2) Evidence from three randomized controlled trials indicates modest improvements in hay fever symptoms, with reduced use of medication to control symptoms (rescue medication use) in adults who took Grazax compared with placebo. No studies have compared Grazax with injection-based allergen immunotherapy. (3) It is not yet known if patients treated with Grazax will have a sustained tolerance to grass pollen following treatment discontinuation. (4) Adverse effects of Grazax are generally mild to moderate local allergic reactions of short duration, and include itching and swelling of the mouth, and throat irritation. (5) If Grazax becomes widely prescribed and is covered by provincial drug plans, the costs to the Canadian health care system and the impact on allergy specialist services could be substantial.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 107","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41038918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Portable home hemodialysis for kidney failure. 便携式家庭血液透析治疗肾衰竭。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2007-11-01
A Scott
{"title":"Portable home hemodialysis for kidney failure.","authors":"A Scott","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Home hemodialysis has been in limited use in Canada for some time. Newer, portable hemodialysis machines that are easier for patients to operate may encourage the uptake of this technology. (2) One portable system is already available in the US. The NxStage System One hemodialysis machine operates on standard electric current, does not require plumbing or specialized disinfection, and is small enough for patients to travel with. (3) It is not yet clear whether the use of the NxStage system improves long-term survival and quality of life. (4) Home hemodialysis is less costly than conventional in-centre programs, but it is unknown whether these savings extend to portable devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 108","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41037713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacogenomics and warfarin therapy. 药物基因组学和华法林治疗。
Issues in emerging health technologies Pub Date : 2007-10-01
S Ndegwa
{"title":"Pharmacogenomics and warfarin therapy.","authors":"S Ndegwa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>(1) Dosing algorithms tailored to individual genetic, demographic, and clinical factors may minimize the risk for bleeding during the initiation of warfarin therapy. (2) Pharmacogenomic testing should be used in addition to (rather than replacing) routine International Normalized Ratio (INR) monitoring. (3) Prospective studies are needed to determine whether pharmacogenomic testing improves patient outcomes, identify which subgroups of patients may benefit, and clarify the risks and costs associated with the use of these tests. Several randomized controlled trials are currently evaluating the impact of pharmacogenomics on dosing accuracy, time to achieve and maintain target INR, incidence of bleeding or thromboembolic events, and monitoring requirements. (4) In August 2007, the FDA updated the product label for warfarin to include genetic variations in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 as one of the factors to consider for more precise initial dosing. Guidelines for pharmacogenomics-based warfarin dosing are under development.</p>","PeriodicalId":83756,"journal":{"name":"Issues in emerging health technologies","volume":" 104","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27028334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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