{"title":"Immunological characterization of exocyst complex subunits in cell differentiation.","authors":"Sheng Wang, Shu C Hsu","doi":"10.1089/153685903322286575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903322286575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have generated monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against three proteins sec6, sec15, and exo84. These proteins have been shown to be components of the exocyst complex, a macromolecule required for many biological processes such as kidney epithelial formation and neuronal development. These antibodies can detect the three proteins by enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, immunofluorescence microscopy, and immunoprecipitation. Using these antibodies, we found that the three proteins have similar subcellular localization which changes upon cell differentiation. These three proteins also co-immunoprecipitate with each other. These results suggest that at least three exocyst subunits associate with each other in vivo and redistribute in response to cell differentiation. In the future, these antibodies should be useful in the cell biological and functional analysis of the exocyst complex under physiological and pathological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 3","pages":"159-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903322286575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22559254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R J Olsen, J Mazlo, S A Koepsell, T W McKeithan, S H Hinrichs
{"title":"Minimal structural elements of an inhibitory anti-ATF1/CREB single-chain antibody fragment (scFv41.4).","authors":"R J Olsen, J Mazlo, S A Koepsell, T W McKeithan, S H Hinrichs","doi":"10.1089/153685903321947987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321947987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibody variable domains represent potential structural models for the rational design of therapeutic molecules that bind cellular proteins with high affinity and specificity. The Activating Transcription Factor 1 (ATF1)/Cyclic AMP Response Element Binding Protein (CREB) family of transcription factors are particularly relevant targets due to their strong association with melanoma and clear cell sarcoma. Biochemical and structural investigations were performed to optimize a single-chain antibody fragment (scFv), scFv41.4, that disrupts the binding of ATF1/CREB to cyclic-AMP response elements (CRE) in vitro and inhibits transcriptional activation in cells. Molecular modeling and ligand docking simulations suggested that scFv41.4 could function as a disulfide-deficient single domain scFv. Functional studies verified that deletion of the light chain did not result in reduced inhibitory activity. The isolated heavy chain was predicted to assume a relaxed structural conformation that maintained a functional antigen binding pocket. The minimal structural elements necessary for intracellular function were further analyzed by selective deletion of CDR1 and CDR2. V(H)-CDR1 and V(H)-CDR3 were shown to play a key role in antigen binding activity, but V(H)-CDR2 was dispensable. Thus, scFv41.4 represents a unique molecule with potential for use in the design of peptidomimetic derivatives having therapeutic application to human cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"65-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321947987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22459159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theophany Eystathioy, Edward K L Chan, Michael Mahler, Leeanne M Luft, Mark L Fritzler, Marvin J Fritzler
{"title":"A panel of monoclonal antibodies to cytoplasmic GW bodies and the mRNA binding protein GW182.","authors":"Theophany Eystathioy, Edward K L Chan, Michael Mahler, Leeanne M Luft, Mark L Fritzler, Marvin J Fritzler","doi":"10.1089/153685903321947996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321947996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>GW182 is a mRNA binding protein characterized by 60 repeats of glycine (G):tryptophan (W) motifs and is localized in cytoplasmic structures referred to as GW bodies (GWBs). Current evidence suggests that this unique protein plays a role in mRNA processing. To enable a more detailed study of GW182 and GWBs in cells and tissues, including their role in mRNA processing, we developed four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that bind the human recombinant GW182 protein. These MAbs can be used for Western blot analysis and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on cultured cells and tissues. Of special interest, one of the MAbs, 2D6, can be used to identify GW182 and GWBs in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues after using an antigen retrieval method (ARM). All the MAbs described in this study immunoprecipitate the GW182 protein. Epitope mapping using overlapping 15-mer peptides representing the full-length GW182 showed that the major antibody-binding domains of these MAbs are distinct. These MAbs are valuable tools for cell biologists and pathologists to study the location and function of the novel GW182 protein in tissue culture cells, as well as cryopreserved or archived tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"79-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321947996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaohong Chang, Heng Cui, Jie Feng, Yi Li, Bei Liu, Shanjin Cao, Yexia Cheng, Henian Qian
{"title":"Preparation of humanized ovarian carcinoma anti-idiotypic minibody.","authors":"Xiaohong Chang, Heng Cui, Jie Feng, Yi Li, Bei Liu, Shanjin Cao, Yexia Cheng, Henian Qian","doi":"10.1089/153685903321948030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321948030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Murine anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody (MAb) 6B11 mimicking the tumor-associated antigen OC166-9 is used as a vaccine for the induction of an anti-tumoral immunity in experiments of in vitro and in vivo animal model with ovarian carcinoma. In this article, we have humanized 6B11 anti-idiotypic minibody using overlap polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA recombinant technique, prokaryotic expression vector was produced by genetic fusion of 6B11V(L)-V(H) to human IgG1 hinge and CH3 region. Transformed E. coli BL21(DE3) were propagated and induced by isopropyl-beta D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) showed that a protein band with molecular weight of 50kD appeared as the expected size after transformation. Molecular weight of 100 kDa may be examined by electrophoresis in nondenaturing systems. The fusion protein was analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA), inhibition ELISA tests and Western blot, respectively. The humanized anti-idiotype minibody showed capacity of bivalent binding to ovarian cancer MAb COC166-9 and goat anti-human immunoglobulin IgG1. It is useful reagents for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"109-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321948030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jody D Berry, John Rutherford, Gregg J Silverman, Rupert Kaul, Marikka Elia, Sarah Gobuty, Roberta Fuller, Francis A Plummer, Carlos F Barbas
{"title":"Development of functional human monoclonal single-chain variable fragment antibody against HIV-1 from human cervical B cells.","authors":"Jody D Berry, John Rutherford, Gregg J Silverman, Rupert Kaul, Marikka Elia, Sarah Gobuty, Roberta Fuller, Francis A Plummer, Carlos F Barbas","doi":"10.1089/153685903321948021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321948021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A panel of novel recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) was isolated and characterized. We generated human scFvs using RNA harvested from cervical B lymphocytes of Kenyan prostitutes who are highly exposed to HIV-1, but remain persistently seronegative. The variable regions of the heavy (VH) and light (VL) chain antibody genes were selected as hybrids using guided-selection with the VL and VH, respectively, of a derivative of IgGb(12) using the phagemid vector pComb3X. IgGb(12) is a previously well-characterized HIV-1 neutralizing human monoclonal antibody (MAb). One of the hybrid scFv, IgA6/4L, neutralizes HIV-1 infectivity in in vitro cell culture assay. The cervical VH and VL chain antibody genes were connected by a DNA linker and subcloned in pComb3X. The cervical scFv clones were functional in recognizing HIV-1 gp120 by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and on cells in flow cytometry. Whole IgGb(12) does not inhibit binding of clones IgA6/5k nor IgA6/30lambda to gp120, which suggests that they bind different epitopes. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cervical scFv show the clones are unique and reveal interesting characteristics of human cervical V gene pools. This work demonstrates, for the first time, cloning of a functional scFv MAb to a sexually transmitted disease pathogen from local cervical B-cell pools in exposed humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321948021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and characterization of a set of monoclonal antibodies to TRAIL and TRAIL receptors DR4, DR5, DcR1, and DcR2.","authors":"Xue-Song Liu, Yong Zhu, Wei-Ning Han, Ying-Na Li, Li-Hua Chen, Wei Jia, Chao-Jun Song, Fei Liu, Kun Yang, Qi Li, Bo-Quan Jin","doi":"10.1089/153685903321948058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321948058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo 2L) is a novel cytotoxic ligand belonging to TNF superfamily. Among TRAIL receptors, death receptor 4 (DR4) and DR5 containing death domain (DD) in their cytoplasmic region mediate apoptosis-signaling upon TRAIL binding, while decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) and DcR2 with a truncated or non-functional DD play \"decoy\" role. The interaction of TRAIL and TRAIL receptors plays important roles both in immunoregulation and immune pathogenesis of some diseases. In this study, we raised hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against TRAIL (FMU1.1, 1.2, 1.3), DR4 (FMU1.4), DR5 (FMU1.5, 1.6), DcR1 (FMU1.7) and DcR2 (FMU1.8, 1.9). These MAbs could be used for fluorescent staining and flow cytometry (FCM) analysis as well as immunohistochemistry (IHC). Moreover, FMU1.1, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5 could be used as coating antibodies paring corresponding polyclonal antibodies to develop sandwich ELISAs to quantitate the soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL), sDR4 or sDR5 in serum samples respectively. In addition, cross-linking of DR4/DR5 by FMU1.4 or FMU1.5 MAbs could induce apoptosis of some DR4/DR5-expressing tumor cells. Thus, this set of monoclonal antibodies against TRAIL or TRAIL receptors may be useful in expression phenotypic and functional study of TRAIL and TRAIL receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"121-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321948058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yi-Te Hsu, Qi Hou, Eugene Cymbalyuk, Richard Youle
{"title":"Generation and characterization of species-specific anti-Bcl-X(L) monoclonal antibodies.","authors":"Yi-Te Hsu, Qi Hou, Eugene Cymbalyuk, Richard Youle","doi":"10.1089/153685903321948012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321948012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bcl-X(L) is a pro-survival member of the Bcl-2 family that plays an important role in apoptosis regulation. As a first step to carry out the molecular characterization of this protein, we have generated five monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against synthetic peptides corresponding to the flexible loop region of human and murine Bcl-X(L). These antibodies display species specificity and are suitable for Western blotting, immunofluorescence labeling, and immunoprecipitation. These results suggest that these antibodies can serve as important tools for the detection and purification of endogenous and ectopically expressed human and murine Bcl-X(L).</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"91-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321948012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generation of a monoclonal antibody against the mouse Sf3b1 (SAP155) gene product for U2 snRNP component of spliceosome.","authors":"Atsuya Horie, Kyoichi Isono, Haruhiko Koseki","doi":"10.1089/153685903321948049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321948049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>SAP155 is a subunit of the U2 snRNP, and plays an important role for prespliceosome assembly and splicing catalysis of the major spliceosome. Recently, it was reported that SAP155 was also a subunit of the minor spliceosome. These suggest that SAP155 is essential for the removal of any type of intron. More recently, a homolog of SAP155 cDNA, designated Sf3b1, was isolated from mouse. In this study, we report the generation of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against murine Sf3b1 protein. This MAb recognizes endogenous Sf3b1 gene product by Western blotting, but less efficiently by immunoprecipitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"117-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321948049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Production of monoclonal antibodies recognizing human hair follicle keratinocytes.","authors":"Shin Hatakeyama, Ying-Zhi Ma, Naoko Miura, Shoko Abe, Takashi Kameda, Kenji Sakamoto, Toshihiro Sugiyama","doi":"10.1089/153685903321948067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/153685903321948067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To raise new antibodies against the cells contained in human hair follicles, we immunized mice with a mixture of primary cultured human embryogenic keratinocytes thought to contain very immature keratinocytes, as antigen. Using a monoclonal antibody (MAb) producing technique, we obtained two MAbs, which recognize a specific portion of the hair follicle. MAb-8G2 was specific to the companion layer between the inner and outer root sheath of the follicle. This pattern of recognition was quite similar to the expression pattern of K6hf protein, a human hair follicle-specific type II cytokeratin. MAb-sDP showed unique recognition. Immunohistochemistry indicated that MAb-sDP specifically recognized the cells surrounding the dermal papilla (DP). These cells are possibly the germ line cells of hair matrix.</p>","PeriodicalId":83733,"journal":{"name":"Hybridoma and hybridomics","volume":"22 2","pages":"127-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/153685903321948067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22458611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}