Antiviral Therapy最新文献

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Treatment-related early discontinuations and adverse events among newly diagnosed people living with HIV initiating integrase inhibitors in a real-world setting. 在现实世界中,新诊断的HIV感染者中与治疗相关的早期停药和不良事件启动整合酶抑制剂
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231163703
Charlotte-Paige Rolle, Jamie Castano, Vu Nguyen, Kiran Patel, Federico Hinestrosa, Edwin DeJesus
{"title":"Treatment-related early discontinuations and adverse events among newly diagnosed people living with HIV initiating integrase inhibitors in a real-world setting.","authors":"Charlotte-Paige Rolle,&nbsp;Jamie Castano,&nbsp;Vu Nguyen,&nbsp;Kiran Patel,&nbsp;Federico Hinestrosa,&nbsp;Edwin DeJesus","doi":"10.1177/13596535231163703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535231163703","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cohort studies suggest higher discontinuation rates with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) than are seen in clinical trials. We assessed discontinuations and adverse events (AEs) that were considered related to the initial INSTI in the first year following initiation among treatment-naïve people living with HIV (PLWH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed PLWH initiating raltegravir, elvitegravir/cobicistat, dolutegravir or bictegravir in combination with emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide or emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate between 10/2007 and 1/2020 at the Orlando Immunology Center were included. Unadjusted incidence rates (IRs) and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated for treatment-related discontinuations and AEs associated with the initial INSTI in the first year following initiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 331 enrolled, 26 (8%) initiated raltegravir, 151 (46%) initiated elvitegravir/cobicistat, 74 (22%) initiated dolutegravir and 80 (24%) initiated bictegravir. Within the first year, treatment-related discontinuations occurred in 3 on elvitegravir/cobicistat (IR 0.02 per person-years (PPY)) and 5 on dolutegravir (IR 0.08 PPY); no treatment-related discontinuations occurred among those initiating raltegravir or bictegravir. Eleven treatment-related AEs occurred in 7 on raltegravir (IR 0.46 PPY), 100 treatment-related AEs occurred in 63 on elvitegravir/cobicistat (IR 0.72 PPY), 66 treatment-related AEs occurred in 37 on dolutegravir (IR 0.97 PPY) and 65 treatment-related AEs occurred in 34 on bictegravir (IR 0.88 PPY). Unadjusted IRRs did not reveal any significant difference between INSTIs in terms of early treatment-related discontinuations or AEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our cohort, treatment-related AEs occurred in 43% initiating INSTIs but were responsible for early discontinuation in only 2% with no treatment-related discontinuations observed among those initiating RAL or BIC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 2","pages":"13596535231163703"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9359798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abacavir safety and effectiveness in young infants with HIV in South African observational cohorts. 南非观察性队列中阿巴卡韦对感染艾滋病毒的幼婴的安全性和有效性。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231168480
Reneé de Waal, Helena Rabie, Karl-Günter Technau, Brian Eley, Nosisa Sipambo, Mark Cotton, Andrew Boulle, Robin Wood, Frank Tanser, Geoffrey Fatti, Matthias Egger, Mary-Ann Davies
{"title":"Abacavir safety and effectiveness in young infants with HIV in South African observational cohorts.","authors":"Reneé de Waal, Helena Rabie, Karl-Günter Technau, Brian Eley, Nosisa Sipambo, Mark Cotton, Andrew Boulle, Robin Wood, Frank Tanser, Geoffrey Fatti, Matthias Egger, Mary-Ann Davies","doi":"10.1177/13596535231168480","DOIUrl":"10.1177/13596535231168480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>WHO guidelines recommend abacavir in first-line antiretroviral treatment for children and neonates. However, there is no approved dose <3 months of age, and data in neonates are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included infants who initiated ART aged <3 months, between 2006 and 2019, in nine South African cohorts. In those who received abacavir or zidovudine, we described antiretroviral discontinuation rates; and 6- and 12-month viral suppression (<400 copies/mL). We compared infants aged <28 and ≥28 days, those weighing <3 and ≥3 kg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall 837/1643 infants (51%) received abacavir and 443 (27%) received zidovudine. Median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 52 days (23-71), CD4 percentage was 27.9 (19.2-38.0), and weight was 4.0 kg (3.0-4.7) at ART initiation. In those with ≥1 month's follow-up, 100/718 (14%) infants discontinued abacavir, at a median of 17.5 months (IQR 6.5-39.5). Abacavir discontinuations did not differ by age or weight category (<i>p</i> = 0.4 and 0.2, respectively); and were less frequent than zidovudine discontinuations (adjusted hazard ratio 0.14, 95% confidence interval 0.10-0.20). Viral suppression at 12 months occurred in 43/79 (54%) and 130/250 (52%) of those who started abacavir aged <28 and ≥28 days, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.8); 11/19 (58%) and 31/60 (52%) in those who weighed <3 and ≥3 kg, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.6); and 174/329 (53%) in those on abacavir versus 77/138 (56%) in those on zidovudine (adjusted odds ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.0-3.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that abacavir may be used safely in infants <28 days old or who weigh <3 kg.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 2","pages":"13596535231168480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10961679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9360474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inhibition of chikungunya virus replication by N-ω-Chloroacetyl-L-Ornithine in C6/36, Vero cells and human fibroblast BJ. N-ω-氯乙酰- l-鸟氨酸抑制基孔肯雅病毒在C6/36、Vero细胞和人成纤维细胞BJ中的复制。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231155263
Lucero Rojas-Luna, Araceli Posadas-Modragón, Amanda M Avila-Trejo, Verónica Alcántara-Farfán, Lorena I Rodríguez-Páez, José Angel Santiago-Cruz, Marvin O Pastor-Alonso, J Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal
{"title":"Inhibition of chikungunya virus replication by N-ω-Chloroacetyl-L-Ornithine in C6/36, Vero cells and human fibroblast BJ.","authors":"Lucero Rojas-Luna,&nbsp;Araceli Posadas-Modragón,&nbsp;Amanda M Avila-Trejo,&nbsp;Verónica Alcántara-Farfán,&nbsp;Lorena I Rodríguez-Páez,&nbsp;José Angel Santiago-Cruz,&nbsp;Marvin O Pastor-Alonso,&nbsp;J Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal","doi":"10.1177/13596535231155263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535231155263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polyamines are involved in several cellular processes and inhibiting their synthesis affects chikungunya virus (CHIKV) replication and translation, and, therefore, reduces the quantity of infectious viral particles produced. In this study, we evaluated the inhibition of CHIKV replication by N-ω-chloroacetyl-L-ornithine (NCAO), a competitive inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, an enzyme which is key in the biosynthesis of polyamines (PAs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cytotoxicity of NCAO was evaluated by MTT in cell culture. The inhibitory effect of CHIKV replication by NCAO was evaluated in Vero and C6/36 cells. The intracellular polyamines were quantified by HPLC in CHIKV-infected cells. We evaluated the yield of CHIKV in titres via the addition of PAs in Vero, C6/36 cells and human fibroblast BJ treated with NCAO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that NCAO inhibits the replication of CHIKV in Vero and C6/36 cells in a dose-dependent manner, causing a decrease in the PFU/mL of at least 4 logarithms (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in both cell lines. Viral yields were restored by the addition of exogenous polyamines, mainly putrescine. The HPLC analyses showed that NCAO decreases the content of intracellular PAs, even though it is predominantly spermidines and spermines which are present in infected cells. Inhibition of CHIKV replication was observed in human fibroblast BJ treated with 100 μM NCAO 24 h before and 48 h after the infection at a MOI 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NCAO inhibits CHIKV replication by depleting the intracellular polyamines in Vero, C6/36 cells and human fibroblast BJ, suggesting that this compound is a possible antiviral agent for CHIKV.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 1","pages":"13596535231155263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10756843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case report and literature review: A hiccup patient developed encephalitis and duodenal perforation. 病例报告及文献复习:一例打嗝患者并发脑炎及十二指肠穿孔。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535231161488
Fanfeng Kong, Xiao Xue Zeng
{"title":"Case report and literature review: A hiccup patient developed encephalitis and duodenal perforation.","authors":"Fanfeng Kong,&nbsp;Xiao Xue Zeng","doi":"10.1177/13596535231161488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535231161488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brainstem encephalitis is rare and this study aims to report the clinical course, imaging features, and therapeutic response of hiccup patient with gastric ulcer who developed brainstem encephalitis with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) detected in cerebrospinal fluid and then subsequently followed by development of duodenal perforation. Data of a gastric ulcer patient who suffered from hiccups, with brainstem encephalitis detected and then subsequently suffered from duodenal perforation were collected retrospectively and analyzed. A literature search was conducted on Epstein-Barr virus associated encephalitis using keywords like \"Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis\" and \"brainstem encephalitis,\" \"hiccup.\" The etiology of EBV-related brainstem encephalitis in this case report is not clear. However, from the initial hiccup to the presentation of both brainstem encephalitis and duodenal perforation during the course of hospitalizations builds up an uncommon case.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"28 2","pages":"13596535231161488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9437220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Understanding the effect of direct-acting antiviral therapy on weight in patients with chronic hepatitis C. 了解直接抗病毒治疗对慢性丙型肝炎患者体重的影响。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221115253
Chinyere L Nkwocha, Pamela S Carter, Somer Blair, James M Blackwell, Esther O Fasanmi
{"title":"Understanding the effect of direct-acting antiviral therapy on weight in patients with chronic hepatitis C.","authors":"Chinyere L Nkwocha,&nbsp;Pamela S Carter,&nbsp;Somer Blair,&nbsp;James M Blackwell,&nbsp;Esther O Fasanmi","doi":"10.1177/13596535221115253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535221115253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized treatment for HCV. Compared to interferon-based therapies, DAAs achieve higher rates of sustained virologic response, with more tolerable side effects. Nonetheless, interferon-based therapies have the potential to cause weight loss, and literature documenting the impact of DAAs on weight is limited. Appetite suppression may occur with chronic HCV. It is plausible that DAAs may indirectly cause weight gain given their ability to cause rapid virologic suppression, leading to improved hepatic function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review identified 220 patients who initiated DAA therapy between 1 February 2019, and 29 February 2020. Patients 18 years and older who completed therapy with a DAA were included in the study if they had a documented initial weight (weight on the day therapy was initiated) and final weight (weight 12 weeks after therapy completion). Change in weight was assessed as the primary outcome. Comorbidities with the potential to impact weight were assessed as confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple variables were analyzed and baseline BMI was the only factor that influenced a change in weight (<i>P</i> = 0.016). Patients with a higher BMI at baseline experienced statistically significant weight gain. Weight was increased by 0.14 kg per unit of BMI (95% CI: 0.026, 0.25). Patient demographics relating to age and gender, progression of cirrhosis and concurrent comorbidities had no statistically significant impact on change in weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight changes after treatment with a DAA may be related to the individual's weight prior to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"27 6","pages":"13596535221115253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10422690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
EDP-514 in healthy subjects and nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor-suppressed patients with chronic hepatitis B. 健康受试者和核苷(t)ide逆转录酶抑制剂抑制的慢性乙型肝炎患者的EDP-514
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221127848
Jordan J Feld, Eric Lawitz, Tuan Nguyen, Jacob Lalezari, Tarek Hassanein, Paul Martin, Steven-Huy Han, Douglas Dieterich, Jeanne-Marie Giard, Guy De La Rosa, Alaa Ahmad, Ed Luo, Annie L Conery, Nathalie Adda
{"title":"EDP-514 in healthy subjects and nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor-suppressed patients with chronic hepatitis B.","authors":"Jordan J Feld,&nbsp;Eric Lawitz,&nbsp;Tuan Nguyen,&nbsp;Jacob Lalezari,&nbsp;Tarek Hassanein,&nbsp;Paul Martin,&nbsp;Steven-Huy Han,&nbsp;Douglas Dieterich,&nbsp;Jeanne-Marie Giard,&nbsp;Guy De La Rosa,&nbsp;Alaa Ahmad,&nbsp;Ed Luo,&nbsp;Annie L Conery,&nbsp;Nathalie Adda","doi":"10.1177/13596535221127848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535221127848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. EDP-514 is a potent core inhibitor of hepatitis B virus (HBV) that reduces viral load reduction in HBV-infected chimeric mice. This first-in-human study evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of EDP-514 in healthy subjects and antiviral activity in patients with CHB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Part 1, 82 subjects received placebo or EDP-514 in fed or fasted state as single ascending doses of 50-800 mg and multiple ascending doses of 200-800 mg for 14 days. In Part 2, 24 HBV DNA-suppressed, nucleos(t)ide (NUC)-treated (i.e., NUC-suppressed) CHB patients received EDP-514 200-800 mg or placebo for 28 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EDP-514 was well tolerated in healthy subjects and CHB patients with most adverse events of mild intensity. In Part 1, EDP-514 exposure increased in an approximately dose proportional manner up to 600 mg after single doses and up to 400 mg after 14-day dosing. In Part 2, EDP-514 exposure increased linearly with dose on Day 1 and Day 28, with some accumulation for Day 28 and median trough concentrations (C<sub>trough</sub>) approximately 20-fold above the protein-adjusted 50% effective concentration (EC<sub>50</sub>) for the dose range. Mean change in HBV RNA from baseline to Day 28 was -2.03, -1.67, -1.87, and -0.58 log U/mL in the 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg, and placebo CHB groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EDP-514 was well tolerated, had a PK profile supporting once daily dosing, and reduced HBV RNA levels in NUC-suppressed CHB patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"13596535221127848"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40688226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A favipiravir-induced angioedema and urticaria in a COVID-19 patient. 1例COVID-19患者favipirvir诱导的血管性水肿和荨麻疹
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221146226
Figen Ergur Ozturk, Ayperi Ozturk, Hale Ates
{"title":"A favipiravir-induced angioedema and urticaria in a COVID-19 patient.","authors":"Figen Ergur Ozturk,&nbsp;Ayperi Ozturk,&nbsp;Hale Ates","doi":"10.1177/13596535221146226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535221146226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although favipiravir is a promising drug for coronavirus disease 2019, some adverse effects, including skin lesions, have been reported. A 56-year-old female who was prescribed favipiravir by a filiation team following a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 polymerase chain reaction test presented to our hospital. After examination, favipiravir and paracetamol were prescribed. She represented to the hospital with facial swelling and itchy rashes on her forearm. Angioedema and urticaria were diagnosed. Favipiravir was discontinued. Steroid and antihistaminic therapy were administered for angioedema. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of favipiravir-induced angioedema and urticaria in Turkey.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"27 6","pages":"13596535221146226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10771329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Letermovir use to treat complex cytomegalovirus reactivations in two heart transplant recipients. 利特韦用于治疗两例心脏移植受者的复杂巨细胞病毒再激活。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221133619
Aude Boignard, Caroline Augier, Mathilde Kheng, Olivier Epaulard, Raphaele Germi
{"title":"Letermovir use to treat complex cytomegalovirus reactivations in two heart transplant recipients.","authors":"Aude Boignard,&nbsp;Caroline Augier,&nbsp;Mathilde Kheng,&nbsp;Olivier Epaulard,&nbsp;Raphaele Germi","doi":"10.1177/13596535221133619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535221133619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Letermovir, an anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) drug, is recommended as a prophylactic agent in patients at risk of CMV infection/reactivation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. We report the curative and pre-emptive use of letermovir in two heart transplant recipients. In one patient with ganciclovir-resistant CMV, letermovir was successfully used to treat CMV colitis. In the second patient, letermovir was used as pre-emptive therapy for CMV reactivation, but did not prevent CMV esophagitis. In both cases, letermovir was successful for secondary prophylaxis. Curative use of letermovir may be considered if resistance or major adverse effect of other antivirals therapy is suspected.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"13596535221133619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40696114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Antiretroviral therapy adherence patterns, virological suppression, and emergence of drug resistance: A nested case-control study from Uganda and South Africa. 抗逆转录病毒治疗依从性模式、病毒学抑制和耐药性的出现:来自乌干达和南非的巢式病例对照研究
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221114822
Anisha Tyagi, Yao Tong, Dustin J Rabideau, Zahra Reynolds, Tulio De Oliveira, Richard Lessells, Gideon Amanyire, Catherine Orrell, Stephen Asiimwe, Benjamin Chimukangara, Jennifer Giandhari, Sureshnee Pillay, Jessica E Haberer, Mark J Siedner
{"title":"Antiretroviral therapy adherence patterns, virological suppression, and emergence of drug resistance: A nested case-control study from Uganda and South Africa.","authors":"Anisha Tyagi,&nbsp;Yao Tong,&nbsp;Dustin J Rabideau,&nbsp;Zahra Reynolds,&nbsp;Tulio De Oliveira,&nbsp;Richard Lessells,&nbsp;Gideon Amanyire,&nbsp;Catherine Orrell,&nbsp;Stephen Asiimwe,&nbsp;Benjamin Chimukangara,&nbsp;Jennifer Giandhari,&nbsp;Sureshnee Pillay,&nbsp;Jessica E Haberer,&nbsp;Mark J Siedner","doi":"10.1177/13596535221114822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535221114822","url":null,"abstract":"Background Relationships between distinct antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence patterns and risk of drug resistance are not well understood. Methods We conducted a nested case–control analysis within a longitudinal cohort study of individuals initiating efavirenz-based ART. Primary outcomes of interest, measured at 6 and 12 months after treatment initiation, were: 1) virologic suppression, 2) virologic failure with resistance, and 3) virologic failure without resistance. Our primary exposure of interest was ART adherence, measured over the 6 months before each visit with electronic pill monitors, and categorized in three ways: 1) 6 months average adherence; 2) running adherence, defined as the proportion of days with average adherence over 9 days of less than or equal to 10%, 20%, and 30%; and 3) number of 3-, 7-, and 28-day treatment gaps in the prior 6 months Results We analyzed data from 166 individuals (107 had virologic failure during observation and 59 had virologic suppression at 6 and 12 months). Average adherence was higher among those with virologic suppression (median 83%, IQR 58–96%) versus those with virologic failure with resistance (median 35%, IQR 20–77%, pairwise P < 0.01) and those with virologic failure without resistance (median 21%, IQR 2–54%, pairwise P < 0.01). Although treatment gaps generally predicted virologic failure (P < 0.01), they did not differentiate failure with and without drug resistance (P > 0.6). Conclusions Average adherence patterns, but not the assessed frequency of treatment gaps, differentiated failure with versus without drug resistance among individuals initiating efavirenz-based ART. Future work should explore adherence-resistance relationships for integrase inhibitor-based regimens.","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"27 5","pages":"13596535221114822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40574836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antiretroviral therapy achieved metabolic complete remission of hepatic AIDS related Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor. 抗逆转录病毒治疗实现了肝脏艾滋病相关爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒相关平滑肌肿瘤代谢完全缓解。
IF 1.2 4区 医学
Antiviral Therapy Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/13596535221126828
Takahide Ara, Tomoyuki Endo, Hideki Goto, Kohei Kasahara, Yuta Hasegawa, Shota Yokoyama, Souichi Shiratori, Masao Nakagawa, Ken Kuwahara, Emi Takakuwa, Satoshi Hashino, Takanori Teshima
{"title":"Antiretroviral therapy achieved metabolic complete remission of hepatic AIDS related Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor.","authors":"Takahide Ara,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Endo,&nbsp;Hideki Goto,&nbsp;Kohei Kasahara,&nbsp;Yuta Hasegawa,&nbsp;Shota Yokoyama,&nbsp;Souichi Shiratori,&nbsp;Masao Nakagawa,&nbsp;Ken Kuwahara,&nbsp;Emi Takakuwa,&nbsp;Satoshi Hashino,&nbsp;Takanori Teshima","doi":"10.1177/13596535221126828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13596535221126828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor (EBV-SMT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor which occurs in immunocompromised patients. The immune status is an important factor in the treatment of EBV-SMTs, but the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not elucidated in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) related EBV-SMTs. Here, we report the first successful case of a 29-year-old man with hepatic AIDS related EBV-SMT treated with ART solely. Positron emission tomography scan was useful for the evaluation of disease status. Recent advances in ART that enables to restore patient's immune status rapidly may change the treatment strategy in AIDS related EBV-SMT.</p>","PeriodicalId":8364,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral Therapy","volume":"27 5","pages":"13596535221126828"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40364201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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