{"title":"The Rise of the Global Elites in Market-Driven Societies, or, (American) Men Behaving Badly","authors":"C. Hau","doi":"10.31944/2022950204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/2022950204","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the rise and spread of the American discourse and ideology of hyperconsumption in the 1980s through the popularization of sociological types called the “yuppie” in the 1980s and the “bobo” in the 1990s. By the twenty-first century, these types would be part of the “global elites”. The article discusses two iconic cultural texts— Oliver Stone’s film Wall Street (1987) and Bret Easton Ellis’ novel American Psycho (1991)—that sought to intervene in debates on the perils of hyperconsumption through their portrayals of the male criminal financier, even as real-life politicians like William Clinton and Donald Trump became figures and active promoters of the self-branding elite.","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82057587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward a Pedagogical Criticism: The Text, the Teacher, and the Global Crisis in Teaching Health and Illness Literature","authors":"John Paul Sarce","doi":"10.31944/20229503.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20229503.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"357 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74142975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interdisciplinary Reflection on Ethical Literary Criticism and Literary Theory Framework","authors":"Zhenzhao Nie","doi":"10.31944/2022950215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/2022950215","url":null,"abstract":"Ethical literary criticism is a new theory generated from the trend of ethical criticism. It was founded on the basis of the theory of the three stages of human civilization, namely, natural selection, ethical selection, and scientific selection. Focusing on the analysis of ethical choices in literary texts with terms such as ethical choice, ethical identity, ethical will and so on, ethical literary criticism interprets all kinds of literary writings, dissects examples of ethical choices in different environments and contexts, and emphasizes the ethical value of literature in search of moral enlightenment and instruction for the readers. Through the deployment of its own terms, ethical literary criticism can be used to obtain new interpretations and understanding of literary texts, and effectively solve the problems raised by the literary text. Any theory must have its own theoretical framework. If there is no theoretical framework, arguments cannot constitute a theory. As a theory, ethical literary criticism was founded on the central category of ethical choice. As the framework of ethical literary criticism, it is the basic structure and model of the system. It is not only the underlying logic of literary theory but also its basic principle.","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77849485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Sustainable Development Goals and the Importance of Cultural Change","authors":"O’Connor David","doi":"10.31944/20219402.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20219402.07","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable development is an ambition rather than a reality. Profound changes will be needed to achieve it in ways of producing and consuming. These will only happen at scale if societies undergo major cultural changes, including placing greater value on undervalued natural assets and internalizing in individual decisions the costs they impose on the environment, including the climate system. For these changes to occur, societies need to become more equitable, ensuring that all members enjoy decent living standards and are thus willing and able to attach greater weight to the well-being of future","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87145151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Section on Culture and the Environment","authors":"Remmon E. Barbaza, Dayrit Fabian","doi":"10.31944/20219402.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20219402.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88181178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Highs and Lows of the Reception to the Works of Lu Xun in Middle School Chinese Textbooks from the 1920s to 2017","authors":"Ke Yang","doi":"10.31944/20219402.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20219402.02","url":null,"abstract":"Lu Xun (1881-1936) is one of the most important Chinese twentieth century cultural figures who had addressed a number of social concerns in his works and attracted numerous readers both in China and abroad. He is such an iconic figure in China that he is easily identifiable by the following description of this Chinese saying: “His short hairs stood up like brushes. His thick moustache looked like a character “一” of the calligraphical style used in Han Dynasty...” The paper discusses how Lu Xun was so highly regarded in China in the context of the roles and functions of intellectuals in the country. But while outside China literature scholars and students generally see Lu Xun’s reputation in the Chinese literary canon as solidly established, in China, that did not seem to not have been the case historically. This apparent instability in his status in the Chinese canon is what this paper tries to investigate as may be gleaned from the controversies surrounding the alleged “retreat of Lu Xun in China.” In particular, this paper focuses on the changes in the representation of Lu Xun’s works in the Middle School and High School Chinese textbooks from the 1920s to 2017 owing to conflicting attitudes and ideas in Chinese history, society, and politics. Finally, it analyses the competing positions over the Yang Ke Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86648486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pandemic, Anthropause, and Healing the Planet","authors":"Benjamin Vallejo","doi":"10.31944/20219402.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20219402.08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81445507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"International Organization and Community: Interrogating ASEAN’s Fictions of Community","authors":"J. D. Bagulaya","doi":"10.31944/20219402.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20219402.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79009131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resistance to the Coal Industry’s Impact on Mindanao’s Ecology","authors":"K. Gaspar","doi":"10.31944/20219402.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31944/20219402.09","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on how the coal industry has expanded in various parts of Mindanao especially in the provinces of Misamis Oriental, South Cotabato, and Surigao del Sur. However, it first provides a historical account of how coal began to be a source of energy generation in the Philippines and how the coal industry has expanded through the past decades. A section of the paper also presents the reasons behind the resistance of international, national, and local groups to the use of coal for fuel. The paper’s last section provides the Mindanao case studies of the CFPPs already operating as well as the proposed","PeriodicalId":83395,"journal":{"name":"Unitas (Helsinki, Finland : English edition)","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77124391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}