Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology最新文献_第3页

A journey with T cells, primate/human retroviruses and other persisting human T-cell tropic viruses. T细胞之旅，灵长类/人类逆转录病毒和其他持久性人类T细胞热带病毒。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-12-01

Robert C Gallo

引用次数: 0

HTLV-1 and associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. HTLV-1和相关的成人t细胞白血病/淋巴瘤。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-12-01

Renaud Mahieux, Antoine Gessain

{"title":"HTLV-1 and associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.","authors":"Renaud Mahieux, Antoine Gessain","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infects 15-20 millions individuals worldwide. This oncoretrovirus can be transmitted through 3 ways: horizontally, vertically (mother to child) and via blood transfusion. HTLV-1 causes 2 major diseases: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. Tax is a 40-kDa phosphoprotein that is encoded by the pX region of the virus. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated a central role for this protein in the immortalization or transformation of the HTLV-1 infected cells. Apart from its ability to drive transcription from the viral promoter, it also deregulates the cell cycle, inhibits apoptosis, has an effect on the maintenance of the genomic stability and induces the production of several cytokines. In addition, several arguments strongly suggest the existence of host genetic factors, that could be involved in the HTLV-1 infection as well as in the development of ATLL among HTLV-1 infected individuals. ATLL can be classified into 4 major subtypes: a smoldering type, a chronic type, a lymphoma type and a leukemic type. The demonstration by Southern blot analysis of the clonal integration of an HTLV-1 provirus in the tumoral cells represents the gold-standard to define biologically ATLL. The survival rate of ATLL patients, especially those who develop the acute leukemic or lymphomas forms, is very poor, and such clonal malignant CD4 expansion remains one of the most severe lymphoproliferations.","PeriodicalId":82483,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24506860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8/KSHV) and hematologic malignancies. 人类疱疹病毒8 (HHV-8/KSHV)与血液系统恶性肿瘤。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-12-01

Mauro S Malnati, Lorenzo Dagna, Maurilio Ponzoni, Paolo Lusso

{"title":"Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8/KSHV) and hematologic malignancies.","authors":"Mauro S Malnati, Lorenzo Dagna, Maurilio Ponzoni, Paolo Lusso","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), also defined Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)-associated herpesvirus, was identified by Chang and colleagues in 1994 using purely molecular techniques, before any serological evidence or virus isolation in cell culture could be achieved. HHV-8 is unique among herpesviruses because its prevalence in the general population is low and because it possesses the richest weaponry of viral oncogenes and tumor-promoting factors ever described. Eleven HHV-8-specific genes are homologs of cellular genes, which were hijacked from the host during a long parallel evolution, and at least five of such genes show both in vitro and in vivo transforming ability. HHV-8 is the causative agent of KS, but it has also been associated with different hematologic malignancies, including primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), multicentric Castelman's disease (MCD), MCD-related immunoblastic/plasmablastic lymphoma and various atypical lymphoproliferative disorders. Although low-level silent infection was detected in bone marrow stromal cells from patients with multiple myeloma, a role of HHV-8 in this disease is unlikely. As seen with KS, the incidence of HHV-8-associated lymphoproliferative disorders is increased in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus infection.","PeriodicalId":82483,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24506862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HCV-associated lymphomas. HCV-associated淋巴瘤。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-12-01

Massimo Fiorilli, Cristina Mecucci, Patrizia Farci, Milvia Casato

引用次数: 0

Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. 爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒相关淋巴细胞增生性疾病。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-12-01

Richard F Ambinder

{"title":"Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorders.","authors":"Richard F Ambinder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous member of the herpesvirus family that is associated with a variety of lymphomas and lymphoproliferative diseases. It encodes a multitude of genes that drive proliferation or confer resistance to cell death. Among these are two key viral proteins which mimic the effects of the activated cellular signaling proteins. EBV-associated lymphomas include Burkitt's lymphoma; natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma, lymphoma and lymphoproliferative diseases in immunocompromized populations, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. The character of the viral association differs among these entities with some consistently associated with EBV in all populations and all parts of the world, and others associated with the virus only in particular circumstances. An example of the former is nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma, while an example of the latter is Burkitt's lymphoma. The pattern of viral gene expression also varies among tumor types with different viral genes playing key roles in different tumors and conferring sensitivity to immune surveillance. Thus some of the post-transplant lymphoproliferative diseases are exquisitely sensitive to CD8 T-cell immunosurveillance, while other tumors such as Burkitt's lymphoma may be nearly impervious to such surveillance. Knowledge of the EBV association is not only important for understanding the pathogenesis of these tumors, but is increasingly important for diagnosis, monitoring and treatment.","PeriodicalId":82483,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24506861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a new "age". 青少年急性淋巴细胞白血病:一个新的“时代”。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-09-01

James B Nachman

引用次数: 0

RNA interference: new mechanisms for targeted treatment? RNA干扰:靶向治疗的新机制?

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-09-01

Willi Woessmann, Christine Damm-Welk, Uta Fuchs, Arndt Borkhardt

{"title":"RNA interference: new mechanisms for targeted treatment?","authors":"Willi Woessmann, Christine Damm-Welk, Uta Fuchs, Arndt Borkhardt","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Nucleic acid-based sequence-specific therapeutic intervention offers the potential for treatment of particular cancers without side effects. RNA interference (RNAi) induced by small interfering RNA (siRNA) (19-21 bp) is a normal cellular mechanism leading to highly specific and extraordinarily efficient degradation of the corresponding mRNA. The mechanism of RNAi as well as strategies for the design and delivery of siRNA are described. The growing role of RNAi in target validation for cancer-specific genetic aberrations is discussed. We attempt an early assessment of the potential for using RNAi technologies to treat cancer directly, especially hematologic malignancies. Promising targets for specific gene silencing in hematologic oncology include oncogenic fusion proteins and oncogenes activated by point mutations. Potency and specificity of gene silencing are the major advantages of the new RNAi technology over other nucleic acid-based gene targeting approaches. Crucial questions for pharmaceutical interventions remain. Advances in the areas of delivery, systemic spreading and duration of the silencing effect are necessary before the methodology can enter clinical oncology.","PeriodicalId":82483,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40844631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Congenital syndromes and leukemia: clues to pathogenesis. 先天性综合征与白血病:病机线索。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-09-01

Shai Izraeli

引用次数: 0

Minimal residual disease as a surrogate marker for risk assignment to ALL patients. 最小残留病作为ALL患者风险分配的替代标记。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-09-01

Giovanni Cazzaniga, Giuseppe Gaipa, Vincenzo Rossi, Andrea Biondi

{"title":"Minimal residual disease as a surrogate marker for risk assignment to ALL patients.","authors":"Giovanni Cazzaniga, Giuseppe Gaipa, Vincenzo Rossi, Andrea Biondi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The use of minimal residual disease (MRD) measurement as a \"surrogate\" marker of molecular response to treatment, can potentially improve the evaluation of treatment response and enable estimates of the residual leukemic cell burden during clinical remission, thereby improving the selection of therapeutic strategies and, possibly, long-term clinical outcome. The most specific and sensitive methods for MRD monitoring currently available are polymerase chain reaction amplification of fusion transcripts and rearranged immunoglobulin or antigen-receptor genes, and flow cytometric detection of aberrant immunophenotypes. Several retrospective studies in childhood acute lymphoid leukemias (ALL) have used one of the different approaches for the detection of MRD. The strong association between MRD and risk of relapse was observed in children and adult patients irrespective of the methodology used. The promising results on the predictivity of MRD evaluation at the end of induction treatment has challenged the need for a new definition of remission. There is now urgent need to incorporate MRD data in clinical studies, properly designed to address treatment questions. In this context, several ongoing cooperative study groups have adopted a MRD-based risk group classification to explore whether a better tailored treatment would result in further improvement in cure rates for children with ALL.","PeriodicalId":82483,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40844632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-natal origins of childhood leukemia. 儿童白血病的产前起源。

Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology Pub Date : 2003-09-01

Mel Greaves

引用次数: 0