Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-37

M. Clynes

引用次数: 1

The Perception of Visual Form 视觉形式的感知

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.1037/H0067147

C. H. Judd

引用次数: 1

Dynamic Self-Organization in the Brain as Observed by Transient Cortical Coherence 大脑的动态自组织是由短暂的皮层一致性观察到的

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-30

引用次数: 1

Cooperative Behavior in the Periodically Modulated Wiener Process 周期调制Wiener过程中的合作行为

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-22

引用次数: 0

Spectral Density Maps of Receptive Fields in the Rat's Somatosensory Cortex 大鼠体感皮层受体场的谱密度图

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-32

Joseph S. King, M. Xie, B. Zheng, K. Pribram

{"title":"Spectral Density Maps of Receptive Fields in the Rat's Somatosensory Cortex","authors":"Joseph S. King, M. Xie, B. Zheng, K. Pribram","doi":"10.4324/9781315789347-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315789347-32","url":null,"abstract":"To extend fmdings from visual neurophysiology we plotted responses for 48 locations in the somatosensory \"barrel cortex\" of the rat to spatial and temporal frequency stimulation of their vibrissae. The recordings obtained from bursts of spikes were plotted as response manifolds resembling field potentials such as those recorded with small macroelectrodes. The burst manifolds were shown to be composed of those obtained from single spikes, demonstrating continuity between two levels of analysis (single spikes and bursts). A computer simulation of our results showed that, according to the principles of signal processing, the somatosensotyreceptive fields can be readily described by Gabor-like functions much as in the visual system. Further, changes with respect to direction of whisker stimulation could be described in terms of spatiotemporal (vectorial?) shifts among these functions. As late as the 1950's, the structure of memory storage and the brain processes leading to perception remained enigmatic. Thus Karl Lashley (1950) could exclaim that his lifelong search for an encoded memory trace had been in vain, and Gary Boring (1929) could indicate in his History of Experimental Psychology that little was to be gained, at this stage of knowledge, by psychologists studying brain function. All this was dramatically changed when engineers, in the early 1960's, found ways to produce optical holograms using the mathematical fonnulation proposed by Dennis Gabor (1948). The mathematics of holography and physical properties of holograms provided a palpable instantiation ofdistributed memory and how percepts (images) could be retrieved from such a distributed store. Engineers, (e.g. Van Heerden, 1963) psychophysicists, (e.g. Julez and Pennington, 1965); and neuroscientists, (e.g. Pribram, 1966; and Pollen, Lee and Taylor, 1971) saw the relevance of holography to the hitherto intractable issues of brain function in meqlory and perception (Barrett, 1969; Campbell & Robson, 1968; and Pribram, Nuwer and Barron, 1974). However, this early promise failed, for a variety of reasons, to take hold in the scientific community. The fact that neurophysiologically the holographic spread function is limited to single, albeit overlapping, receptive fields (patches) was not recognized by psychophysicists who, therefore, spent considerable energy in disproving globally conceived distributed functions. However, engineers, e.g. Bracewell (see review, 1969), soon showed that such patch holography could and did produce correlated three-dimensional images when inverse transformed, a technique that became the basis of optical image processing in tomography. The application of this principle to the receptive field structure (Robson 1975) overcame the psychophysical problem. Further, it was unclear just how the principles involved in holography related to ordinary measures of brain physiology. For instance, the brain waves recorded with scalp electrodes are too slow to carry the requi","PeriodicalId":82238,"journal":{"name":"Origins","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47084516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Consciousness and Anesthesia: An Hypothesis Involving Biophoton Emission in the Microtubular Cytoskeleton of the Brain 意识和麻醉:一个涉及脑微管细胞骨架中生物光子发射的假说

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-12

引用次数: 1

Perception. Double Dichotomy of Visual Brain 感知。视觉脑的双重二分法

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-34

引用次数: 0

Noise and the Neurosciences: A Long History, a Recent Revival and Some Theory 噪音与神经科学:悠久的历史，最近的复兴和一些理论

Origins Pub Date : 2018-10-24 DOI: 10.4324/9781315789347-20

J. Segundo, J. Vibert, K. Pakdaman, Michael Stiber, O. D. Martínez

引用次数: 13

Cloning and embryonic stem-cells: ballot initiative opposed. 克隆和胚胎干细胞:投票倡议反对。