Antibodies最新文献

{"title":"Some Human Anti-Glycan Antibodies Lack the Ability to Activate the Complement System.","authors":"Nadezhda Shilova, Alexey Nokel, Alexander Lipatnikov, Nailya Khasbiullina, Yuri Knirel, Ludmila Baidakova, Alexander Tuzikov, Sergei Khaidukov, Polina Obukhova, Stephen Henry, Batozhab Shoibonov, Emin Salimov, Robert Rieben, Nicolai Bovin","doi":"10.3390/antib13040105","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background.</b> Naturally occurring human antibodies against glycans recognize and quickly eliminate infectious bacteria, viruses and aberrantly glycosylated neoplastic malignant cells, and they often initiate processes that involve the complement system. <b>Methods.</b> Using a printed glycan array (PGA) containing 605 glycoligands (oligo- and polysaccharides, glycopeptides), we examined which of the glycan-binding antibodies are able to activate the complement system. Using this PGA, the specificities of antibodies of the IgM and IgG classes were determined in the blood serum of healthy donors (suggested as mostly natural), and, then, using the same array, it was determined which types of the bound immunoglobulins were also showing C3 deposition. <b>Results.</b> It was found that about 30% of anti-glycan antibodies in human serum detected by the PGA did not activate the complement. They were mostly IgGs and directed to bacterial <i>O</i>-antigens; no apparent common structural motif within their target polysaccharides was found. Antibodies to blood group systems ABO and Forssman, xeno-antigens, a number of polysaccharides from various strains of <i>S. enterica</i>, <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. alcalifaciens</i>, as well as small fragments of bacterial polysaccharides were recognized by complement-activating antibodies as expected. A complement-activating antibody was affinity-isolated on glycan-Sepharose from human serum, and, in the presence of the complement, it lysed red blood cells coated with the same glycan (kodecytes, where glycans expressed on biological membranes), while an isolated complement non-activating antibody did not, which confirms the validity of the solid-phase PGA results. <b>Conclusions.</b> Thus, ~30% of human anti-glycan antibodies lack the ability to activate the complement system. The function of the widely represented immunoglobulins that do not cause C3 deposition remains unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating In Silico and In Vitro Tools for Optimized Antibody Development-Design of Therapeutic Anti-oxMIF Antibodies.","authors":"Gregor Rossmueller, Irina Mirkina, Michael Thiele, Alejandro Puchol Tarazona, Florian Rueker, Randolf J Kerschbaumer, Alexander Schinagl","doi":"10.3390/antib13040104","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rigorous assessment of antibody developability is crucial for optimizing lead candidates before progressing to clinical studies. Recent advances in predictive tools for protein structures, surface properties, stability, and immunogenicity have streamlined the development of new biologics. However, accurate prediction of the impact of single amino acid substitutions on antibody structures remains challenging, due to the diversity of complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), particularly CDR3s.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we combined in silico tools with in vitro assessments to engineer improved antibodies against the oxidized isoform of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (oxMIF), building on the first generation anti-oxMIF antibody imalumab.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified hydrophobic hotspots conferring increased self-interaction and aggregation propensity on imalumab, which unravels its unusually short half-life in humans. By introducing mutations into the variable regions, we addressed these liabilities. Structural prediction tools and molecular dynamics simulations guided the selection of mutations, which were then experimentally validated. The lead candidate antibody, C0083, demonstrated reduced hydrophobicity and self-interaction due to the restructuring of its heavy chain CDR3 loop. Despite these structural changes, C0083 retained target specificity and binding affinity to oxMIF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altogether, this study shows that a small number of well-selected mutations was sufficient to substantially improve the biophysicochemical properties of imalumab.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Treatment in Patients with Pemphigus-A Single-Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Natalia Welc, Sandra Ważniewicz, Paweł Głuszak, Maciej Spałek, Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros, Magdalena Jałowska, Marian Dmochowski","doi":"10.3390/antib13040103","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Pemphigus comprises a diverse group of disorders within the autoimmune bullous dermatoses (AIBDs) spectrum. Among these, pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) are the most commonly encountered variants. Despite its rarity, this condition can pose a life-threatening risk. We aimed to assess clinical characteristics, comorbidities, medication, as well as the treatment of various types of pemphigus in pemphigus patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We gathered data from 69 patients treated in the Department of Dermatology in the years 2016-2023. The investigation included sex, age at diagnosis, type of pemphigus, comorbidities and medications, presence of neoplasms and treatment of pemphigus, as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) results. The data were statistically analyzed with the <i>p</i>-value set at 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group comprised 69 patients, including 41 women and 28 men. The mean age at diagnosis was 56.89 years +/- 15.42 years. A total of 79.31% of the patients were diagnosed with PV and the following 26.09% with PF. The most common comorbidities were arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus. The dominant treatment regimen was the systemic use of glucocorticosteroids (GCSs; 90% and 94% of PV and PF patients, respectively). More than half of the patients received at least one GCS-sparing treatment, including dapsone and rituximab. We observed a significantly frequent presence of IgG deposits in DIF in patients with PF (<i>p</i> = 0.0217) and a subsequent correlation between the concurrent presence of IgG deposits in DIF and anti-DSG1 antibodies in ELISA testing (<i>p</i> = 0.0469). The combination of IgG, IgG1, IgG4, and C3 deposits was more often existent in PF patients (<i>p</i> = 0.0054) and the combination of IgG4 and C3 deposits in PV patients (<i>p</i> = 0.0339). We also found a positive correlation between the level of anti-DSG1 antibodies and the age at diagnosis (<i>p</i> = 0.0298).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with pemphigus are very often diagnosed with significant comorbidities and take diverse medication, which shows that the treatment of pemphigus should follow a multidisciplinary approach. Accurate analysis of the clinical condition of the patients, as well as the results of the ELISA panel or DIF, is crucial for a successful diagnostic and therapeutic process.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensity of Intrathecal Total IgG Synthesis in Multiple Sclerosis Correlates with the Degree of Pleocytosis, Diversity of Intrathecal Antiviral Antibody Specificities, and Female Sex.","authors":"Benjamin Vlad, Marc Hilty, Stephan Neidhart, Klara Asplund Högelin, Mario Ziegler, Mohsen Khademi, Andreas Lutterotti, Axel Regeniter, Roland Martin, Faiez Al Nimer, Ilijas Jelcic","doi":"10.3390/antib13040102","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The presence of intrathecal total IgG production is a hallmark of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics in multiple sclerosis (MS). Herein, we systematically analyze how the intensity (instead of mere presence) of intrathecal total IgG production relates to basic CSF parameters in MS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively assessed clinical routine CSF findings from 390 therapy-naïve relapsing-remitting MS patients diagnosed according to 2017 revised McDonald criteria. The intensity of intrathecal total IgG synthesis according to Reiber's formula was stratified and correlated to demographics, CSF white cell count (WCC), and diversity of MRZ reaction, defined as a polyspecific intrathecal production of IgG reactive against ≥2 of the 3 viruses; measles (M), rubella (R), and varicella zoster (Z) virus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The higher intensity of intrathecal total IgG production significantly correlated with higher CSF WCC (Spearman's ρ = 0.433, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and with the increasing presence and diversity of positive MRZ reaction (Spearman's ρ = 0.600, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Female patients showed higher intensity of intrathecal total IgG production and higher prevalence of positive MRZ reaction than males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The intensity of intrathecal total IgG production correlates with the degree of CSF WCC and diversity of MRZ reaction in MS. As yet unidentified female sex-related factors increase the intensity and diversity of intrathecal IgG production in MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Improved <i>Theileria parva</i> Sporozoite Seroneutralization Assay for the Identification of East Coast Fever Immune Correlates.","authors":"Hannah Chege, Samuel Githigia, James Gathumbi, Naomi Chege, Rose Ojuok, Josiah Odaba, Stephen Mwalimu, Harriet Oboge, Lucilla Steinaa, Vishvanath Nene, Anna Lacasta","doi":"10.3390/antib13040100","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune correlates of protection are ideal tools to predict treatment or vaccine efficacy. However, the accuracy of the immune correlate and the capability to robustly predict the outcome of a vaccine candidate are determined by the performance of the in vitro immunoassay used. Several <i>Theileria parva</i> sporozoite seroneutralization assays have previously been used to assess antibody functional activities; however, a common limitation has been the need for fresh material, target cells and sporozoites, and operator-to-operator bias. An improved assay represents a positive step toward overcoming challenges associated with variability and it might provide a more reliable means of establishing an immune correlate with protection after sub-unit vaccine administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Herein, we describe key improvements, among them, (1) the use of frozen parasites and target cells to avoid batch-to-batch variations and (2) the development of a new assay read-out based on the detection of infected cells through flow cytometry, instead of the use of Giemsa staining and microscopic evaluation, in order to improve the reproducibility of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The improved seroneutralization assay is not only able to detect the individual neutralizing capacity of antibodies; it also detects the additive effect of antibody combinations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This effect is described for the first time in <i>Theileria parva</i> and is of great interest for new antigen discovery and/or the epitope discovery of already known antigens like p67, opening a new avenue for the identification of ECF immune correlates of protection and the in vitro down-selection of new <i>Theileria parva</i> vaccine candidates, thereby contributing to reducing the use of animals in challenge experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibody Against the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Target, Anterior Gradient-2 (AGR2/PDIA17).","authors":"Reeder M Robinson, Leticia Reyes, Benjamin N Christopher, Ravyn M Duncan, Rachel A Burge, Julie Siegel, Patrick Nasarre, Pingping Wang, John P O'Bryan, G Aaron Hobbs, Nancy Klauber-DeMore, Nathan G Dolloff","doi":"10.3390/antib13040101","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Anterior Gradient-2 (AGR2/PDIA17) is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of oxidoreductases. AGR2 is up-regulated in several solid tumors, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Given the dire need for new therapeutic options for PDAC patients, we investigated the expression and function of AGR2 in PDAC and developed a novel series of affinity-matured AGR2-specific single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) and monoclonal antibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that AGR2 was expressed in approximately 90% of PDAC but not normal pancreas biopsies, and the level of AGR2 expression correlated with increasing disease stage. AGR2 expression was inversely related to SMAD4 status in PDAC and colorectal cancer cell models and was secreted from cells into their media. In normal tissues, a high density of AGR2 was detected in the epithelium of cells in the digestive tract but was lacking in most other normal tissue systems. The addition of recombinant AGR2 to cell culture and genetic overexpression of AGR2 increased the adhesion, motility, and invasiveness of both human and mouse PDAC cells. Human phage display library screening led to the discovery of multiple AGR2-specific scFv clones that were affinity-matured to produce monoclonal antibody (MAb) clones with low picomolar binding affinity (S31R/A53F/Y). These high-affinity MAbs inhibited AGR2-mediated cell adhesion, migration, and binding to LYPD3, which is a putative cell surface binding partner of AGR2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provides novel, high-affinity, fully human, anti-AGR2 MAbs that neutralize the pro-tumor effects of extracellular AGR2 in PDAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"50 Years of Antibody Numbering Schemes: A Statistical and Structural Evaluation Reveals Key Differences and Limitations.","authors":"Zirui Zhu, Katherine S Olson, Thomas J Magliery","doi":"10.3390/antib13040099","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The complementarity-determining region (CDR) of antibodies represents the most diverse region both in terms of sequence and structural characteristics, playing the most critical role in antibody recognition and binding for immune responses. Over the past decades, several numbering schemes have been introduced to define CDRs based on sequence. However, the existence of diverse numbering schemes has led to potential confusion, and a comprehensive evaluation of these schemes is lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employ statistical analyses to quantify the diversity of CDRs compared to the framework regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparative analyses across different numbering schemes demonstrate notable variations in CDR definitions. The Kabat and AbM numbering schemes tend to incorporate more conserved residues into their CDR definitions, whereas CDRs defined by the Chothia and IMGT numbering schemes display greater diversity, sometimes missing certain loop residues. Notably, we identify a critical residue, L29, within the kappa light chain CDR1, which appears to act as a pivotal structural point within the loop. In contrast, most numbering schemes designate the topological equivalent point in the lambda light chain as L30, suggesting the need for further refinement in the current numbering schemes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings shed light on regional sequence and structural conservation within antibody sequence databases while also highlighting discrepancies stemming from different numbering schemes. These insights yield valuable guidelines for the precise delineation of antibody CDRs and the strategic design of antibody repertoires, with practical implications in developing innovative antibody-based therapeutics and diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of BCMA-Targeted Bispecific Natural Killer Cell Engagers for Multiple Myeloma Treatment.","authors":"Minchuan Zhang, Han Ping Loh, Shiyi Goh Fang, Yuansheng Yang, Kong-Peng Lam, Shengli Xu","doi":"10.3390/antib13040097","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted T cell-redirecting immunotherapies, including Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and T-cell engagers have demonstrated remarkable success in treating relapsed/refractory (RR) multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of plasma cells. However, a significant challenge is the severe side effects associated with T-cell overactivation, leading to cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity in MM patients undergoing such therapies. Bispecific NK cell engagers (NKCEs) may offer a promising alternative by redirecting NK cell cytotoxic activity towards tumor cells without triggering cytokine release syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we designed a series of BCMA × CD16 NKCEs that simultaneously engage BCMA and CD16 on MM and NK cells, respectively. We evaluated the functionality of these NKCEs <i>in vitro</i> with respect to their molecular design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that the format design of NKCEs influences their functionalities, underscoring the importance of format selection in optimizing NKCE-based therapies for MM. This study provides valuable insights for developing next-generation NKCEs and advancing therapeutic strategies for MM and potentially other malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary Immunoglobulin a Alterations in Health and Disease: A Bibliometric Analysis of Diagnostic Trends from 2009 to 2024.","authors":"Jakub Jankowski, Kacper Nijakowski","doi":"10.3390/antib13040098","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Salivary immunoglobulin A (IgA) is a mediator of local immunity and host defence. Altered IgA levels may predispose to bacterial invasion of the mucosa in the gastrointestinal tract, including the oral cavity. Our study aimed to present the diagnostic trends related to salivary IgA in health and disease based on a bibliometric analysis of published papers between 2009 and 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By 14 September 2024, 1247 English original articles were found in the database Web of Science. We selected 838 records considering the diagnostic usefulness of IgA in human subjects. Based on bibliographic data, we created citation and keyword co-occurrence maps using VOSviewer 1.6.20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most articles belonged to the \"Sport Sciences\" category (<i>n</i> = 169), followed by the \"Immunology\" category (<i>n</i> = 93). The Brazilian researcher Alexandre Moreira from the University of Sao Paulo had the most published and most frequently cited papers. Most of the included articles came from the USA (<i>n</i> = 158), England (<i>n</i> = 105), Brazil (<i>n</i> = 95), and Japan (<i>n</i> = 95). The most cited article described research on IgA in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection (<i>n</i> = 690), but the subsequent two papers considered the role of salivary IgA in the dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases (<i>n</i> = 272) and the formation of systemic immune responses from the gastrointestinal tract (<i>n</i> = 245).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary IgA is a widely evaluated diagnostic marker in both patients and healthy individuals. Numerous reports have identified its changes as a result of physical exertion in various groups of athletes, during infections (including SARS-CoV-2) and in the course of local diseases (e.g., periodontal disease) or systemic diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease).</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Levels of Anti-<i>Anisakis</i> Antibodies During Hospital Admission in Septic Patients.","authors":"Juan Carlos Andreu-Ballester, Amparo Navarro, Miguel Angel Arribas, Moises Rico, Laura Albert, Carlos García-Ballesteros, Lorena Galindo-Regal, Rosa Sorando-Serra, Francisca López-Chuliá, Federico Peydro, Marta Rodero, Juan González-Fernández, Carmen Cuéllar","doi":"10.3390/antib13040096","DOIUrl":"10.3390/antib13040096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>In a previous study, we described elevated anti-<i>Anisakis</i> IgG levels in septic patients in relation to disease severity. In this study, our objective was to analyze the evolution of anti-<i>Anisakis</i> immunoglobulins in septic patients during hospital admission and their association with αβ and γδ T cell subsets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 80 subjects: 40 patients with sepsis and 40 controls. αβ and γδ T cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. Apoptosis was also assessed, and anti-<i>Anisakis</i> antibodies were measured by ELISA in the sera of patients with sepsis and controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the second analysis (7-10 after sepsis evolution), an increase in all specific antibody isotypes was identified in individuals with septic shock, except IgE. The levels of anti-<i>Anisakis</i> IgG and IgA were higher in the subjects with sepsis in the first analysis and continued to increase in the second analysis compared with the healthy control subjects. There was an increase in anti-<i>Anisakis</i> IgG and IgA levels in surviving patients and an increase in IgA levels in non-surviving patients. A rise in specific IgG and IgE levels was noted in the second analysis of patients with sepsis with αβ CD3+ T cell deficiency. Patients without γδ T cell deficiency had increased anti-<i>Anisakis</i> IgA levels 7-10 days after admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest a previous infection by <i>Anisakis</i> that could be involved in the subsequent septic process and be related to patients who have negative cultures in which the pathogen causing sepsis has not been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":8188,"journal":{"name":"Antibodies","volume":"13 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}