{"title":"Plant effluvia. Changing notions of the effects of plant exhalations on human health in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.","authors":"R. Gowan","doi":"10.1080/01445170.1987.10412465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1987.10412465","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Explaining the nature of plants through physiological study was not fully accepted in England until the mid eighteenth century. Until its appearance, living plants could not be understood beyond simple mechanistic or taxonomic theories, which did nothing to combat popular and unfounded reports of the strange effects of plant effluvia on the human constitution. 1","PeriodicalId":81660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of garden history","volume":"44 1","pages":"176-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84627331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The evolution of the Anglo-American rural cemetery: landscape architecture as social and cultural history.","authors":"D. Schuyler","doi":"10.1080/01445170.1984.10444100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1984.10444100","url":null,"abstract":"A typical Englishman or American making the Grand Tour in the closing decades of the eighteenth century paid the obligatory visit to Rousseau's tomb at Ermenonville, and in the early years of the following century such ‘tourists’ made pilgrimages to the new Parisian cemetery, Pere Lachaise. In Cemetery Improvement (1840), for example, George Collison pointed out that ‘Every continental traveller pays an early visit to the cemetery of Pere Lachaise’, while Americans almost invariably described that burial ground as ‘the most attractive spot in France’. At first these published travel accounts took on a formulaic quality, with each book repeating almost verbatim what other visitors recorded of the beauty of the scenery, but predictability detracts only slightly from the historical value of such descriptions: at Ermenonville and Pere Lachaise English and American travellers confronted scenes foreign to their experience at home. Rousseau, the great champion of nature, was buried on an island in a garden, an a...","PeriodicalId":81660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of garden history","volume":"17 1","pages":"291-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82570755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The botanical garden of Padua: the first hundred years.","authors":"D. E. Rhodes","doi":"10.1080/01445170.1984.10444105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1984.10444105","url":null,"abstract":"The University of Padua dates from the year 1222, when a group of professors and students emigrated there from the twelfth-century University of Bologna. It grew so rapidly in numbers and importance that by the fifteenth century it was attracting not only many Italian scholars, but also students from abroad, notably Germany, Hungary and England. It was one of three Italian universities which founded the first botanical gardens in Europe during the decade 1540-1550: Pisa in the summer of 1543, Padua on 1 July 1545, and Florence on 1 December 1545.1 The late Georgina Masson wrote: ‘The Orto Botanico at Padua was attached to the school of botany at the University, where the first chair of that science had been created shortly before. Even some of the sixteenth century plants survive. The oldest of them all are the chaste tree or Vitex agnus eastus, which was planted in 1550, and the famous palm, Chamaerops humilis arborescens, of 1585.’2","PeriodicalId":81660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of garden history","volume":"1 1","pages":"327-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89497407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The design of the early British cemeteries.","authors":"J. Curl","doi":"10.1080/01445170.1984.10444097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01445170.1984.10444097","url":null,"abstract":"Shelley's description of a cemetery in the south could not have been applied to British urban burial-grounds at the time. Gray's celebrated \"Elegy\" captured much of the atmosphere of a rural churchyard in verdant, lowland England, but the urban dead could never claim to be \"each in his narrow cell for ever laid\", for conditions were so overcrowded that tenure of a grave was often decidedly limited.","PeriodicalId":81660,"journal":{"name":"Journal of garden history","volume":"244 1","pages":"223-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75087544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}