International family planning perspectives最新文献_第10页

The potential of comprehensive sex education in China: findings from suburban Shanghai. 中国全面性教育的潜力:来自上海郊区的调查结果。

International family planning perspectives Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1363/3106305

Bo Wang, Sara Hertog, Ann Meier, Chaohua Lou, Ersheng Gao

{"title":"The potential of comprehensive sex education in China: findings from suburban Shanghai.","authors":"Bo Wang, Sara Hertog, Ann Meier, Chaohua Lou, Ersheng Gao","doi":"10.1363/3106305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1363/3106305","url":null,"abstract":"Context: More and more Chinese adolescents are engaging in premarital sexual activity. As a result, the numbers of unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among Chinese young adults have increased markedly.Methods: A comprehensive sex education program, including information on abstinence, contraception and healthy sexual behaviors, was carried out in a suburb of Shanghai. The program used six methods for providing information and services to unmarried 15-24-year-olds over a period of 20 months. Sexual behavior surveys were conducted among intervention participants and among controls in a comparable town, who did not receive a similar intervention; chi-square tests and logistic regression were used to compare the results.Results: Participation in the intervention was not associated with delayed sexual initiation, but was associated with reduced odds that youth coerced a partner into having sex (odds ratio, 0.3) and with increased odds of contraceptive use (6.2) and condom use (13.3) during the intervention period. The greater the level of participation, the larger the protective effects. Furthermore, the proportion of youth reporting pregnancy involvement during the intervention period was significantly lower in the intervention group than among controls (19% vs. 26%).Conclusion: Comprehensive, community-based interventions may be effective in reaching large numbers of Chinese youth and in promoting sexual negotiation, contraceptive use, and pregnancy and STI/HIV prevention.","PeriodicalId":81537,"journal":{"name":"International family planning perspectives","volume":"31 2","pages":"63-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25158994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Reproductive tract infections among young married women in Tamil Nadu, India. 印度泰米尔纳德邦年轻已婚妇女的生殖道感染。

International family planning perspectives Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.1363/3107305

Jasmin Helen Prasad, Sulochana Abraham, Kathleen M Kurz, Valentina George, M K Lalitha, Renu John, M N R Jayapaul, Nandini Shetty, Abraham Joseph

{"title":"Reproductive tract infections among young married women in Tamil Nadu, India.","authors":"Jasmin Helen Prasad, Sulochana Abraham, Kathleen M Kurz, Valentina George, M K Lalitha, Renu John, M N R Jayapaul, Nandini Shetty, Abraham Joseph","doi":"10.1363/3107305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1363/3107305","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT\u0000Women often suffer silently with reproductive tract infections (RTIs). Studies of the prevalence of these infections in South Asia have been hindered by low participation rates, and little is known about rates among the youngest married women.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000A community-based cross-sectional study of RTIs was conducted in 1996-1997 among married women 16-22 years of age in Tamil Nadu, India. The women were questioned about symptoms, received pelvic and speculum examinations and provided samples for laboratory tests. Qualitative and quantitative data on treatment-seeking behavior were collected.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Fifty-three percent of women reported gynecologic symptoms, 38% had laboratory findings of RTIs and 14% had clinically diagnosed pelvic inflammatory disease or cervicitis. According to laboratory diagnoses, 15% had sexually transmitted infections and 28% had endogenous infections. Multivariate analysis found that women who worked as agricultural laborers had an elevated likelihood of having a sexually transmitted infection (odds ratio, 2.4), as did those married five or more years (2.1). Two-thirds of symptomatic women had not sought any treatment; the reasons cited were absence of a female provider in the nearby health care center, lack of privacy, distance from home, cost and a perception that their symptoms were normal.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Young married women in this rural Indian community have a high prevalence of RTIs but seldom seek treatment. Education and outreach are needed to reduce the stigma, embarrassment and lack of knowledge related to RTIs. The low social status of women, especially young women, appears to be a significant influence on their low rates of treatment for these conditions.","PeriodicalId":81537,"journal":{"name":"International family planning perspectives","volume":"31 2","pages":"73-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25158995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 144

Odds of penile HPV are reduced for circumcised men and condom users. 包皮环切术男性和避孕套使用者感染阴茎HPV的几率降低。