Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences最新文献_第4页

An Overview of Traditional Small-Scale Poultry Production in Low-Income, Food-Deficit Countries 低收入缺粮国家传统小规模家禽生产概况

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1077

Wilson Rt, Umberleigh Ex As Uk Bartridge House

{"title":"An Overview of Traditional Small-Scale Poultry Production in Low-Income, Food-Deficit Countries","authors":"Wilson Rt, Umberleigh Ex As Uk Bartridge House","doi":"10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1077","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry production is an activity that is engaged in by a majority of traditional small-scale farmers around the world. The percentage of participants engaged in this enterprise exceeds all those participating in other forms of domestic livestock production. Domestic fowl (“chickens”) are overwhelmingly the main species around the globe world but at least eight other species of bird are reared with regional preferences for one or the other type. A multitude of breeds or varieties are present within species which provide a genetic resource of truly inestimable value and whose genes need to be conserved for posterity. Output of live birds, meat and eggs is low in the mainly extensive or semi-intensive production systems but input costs (labour, feed and medicines) are also low. Poultry contribute to poverty alleviation, household food security, create opportunities for employment and are an asset that can be rapidly converted to income. Women and children are often the principal beneficiaries of small-scale production both as managers and owners. Housing is often rudimentary, the mainly scavenged feed is of inadequate quantity and quality and health interventions are minimal except for vaccination against the plagues of Newcastle Disease and Avian Influenza. Marketing of surplus birds or product sales is largely informal but the system is quite appropriate for the sector. Official policies relating to traditional production are often minimal. There are opportunities for improved production and thus for contributing to human welfare in training of owners in management and in improving nutrition and health of the birds.","PeriodicalId":8133,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89918992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Foliage Spraying Molybdenum Promotes Plant Growth and Controls Soilborne Ralstonia solanacearum in Different Tobacco Varieties 叶面喷钼对不同烟草品种生长和防治土壤传播的影响

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1074

J. Chen, S. Zheng, G. Du, W. Ding, D. Wang

{"title":"Foliage Spraying Molybdenum Promotes Plant Growth and Controls Soilborne Ralstonia solanacearum in Different Tobacco Varieties","authors":"J. Chen, S. Zheng, G. Du, W. Ding, D. Wang","doi":"10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco growing is greatly threatened by the devastating bacterial wilt disease caused by soil-borne bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum). Balanced plant nutrition has become effective strategy for crop disease management. In this study, we firstly conducted greenhouse and field experiments to investigate the effects of Molybdenum (Mo), acting as a foliar fertilizer, on tobacco plant growth and bacterial wilt control. A susceptible variety (Yunyan 87) and a moderately resistant cultivar (Nanjiang 3) were used in this study. Under greenhouse condition, the results demonstrated that the disease incidence in the Mo-treated plants decreased to 41.7% (Yunyan 87) and 44.4% (Nanjiang 3) compared with that of non-Mo-treated plants. The control mechanisms are related to the reduced bacteria colonializations in tobacco and improvement of defense enzymes including peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonialyase. Malondialdehyde levels halved after 200mg/L Mo treatment compared to the control group. The field experiment results also showed that supplements of 200mg/L Mo significantly decreased the disease incidence by 30.3% and 33.9%, respectively. Moreover, foliar application of Mo increased plant growth under both growth conditions, promoting leaf and root development. Mo was taken up by tobacco leaves, but the content decreased during the growth of plants. Mo application could provide an alternative strategy for efficient management of tobacco bacterial wilt, even in crops other than tobacco, especially in Modeficient planting regions, which would have a great impact on agriculture and favor sustainable agriculture development.","PeriodicalId":8133,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89244572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vinasse Waste from Sugarcane-Based Bioethanol Production Plants Kills Moniliophthora Perniciosa, the Causative Agent of Cacao Witches' Broom Disease 以甘蔗为基础的生物乙醇生产厂的酒糟废料能杀死可可女巫扫帚病的病原体——黑霉菌

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-23 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1073

Ferraz P, Amorim Rodrigues M, Cassio F, Lucas C

{"title":"Vinasse Waste from Sugarcane-Based Bioethanol Production Plants Kills Moniliophthora Perniciosa, the Causative Agent of Cacao Witches' Broom Disease","authors":"Ferraz P, Amorim Rodrigues M, Cassio F, Lucas C","doi":"10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1073","url":null,"abstract":"Bioethanol production based on sugarcane juice fermentation yields vinasse, a dark, dense liquid waste high in potassium. In Brazil, one of the world’s biggest bioethanol producer, vinasse is used for fertirrigation of the sugar-cane fields, replacing mineral soil amendments. Nevertheless, the production largely exceeds this application, prompting exacerbated usage, unduly long-term storage and even illegal dumping. Vinasse thus progressively became an environmental hazard, damaging soils and superficial and ground waters, adding a negative burden to a supposedly green-fuel industry. The solution resides in decreasing production yields and/or using it for yet other economically interesting applications. This work focuses on the latter. Vinasses from three bioethanol plants from Brazil were tested for their ability to contain the proliferation of Moniliophthora perniciosa, the aggressive filamentous fungus responsible for cacao Witches’ Broom Disease (WBD). This disease caused a severe economic fall-out in South American cacao producing regions, particularly seriously in Brazil. Immersing or spraying the mycelium with vinasse either kills the fungus or impedes its proliferation at varying time/dosage. Identically testing another genetically unrelated phytopathogen, showed this effect is not that of a generalized biocide/fungicide. Results suggest that vinasse could be used to contain/revert the prevalence of cacao’s WBD to manageable levels. Vinasse would thus shift from industrial waste with disposal-associated costs, to being a tool for the agronomic sustainability and revival of the South American regional cacao-dependent socio-economies.","PeriodicalId":8133,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85122362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Physiological and Molecular Biology of High Temperature Stress in Plants 植物高温胁迫的生理与分子生物学研究

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1072

J. Ye, T. Zhong, D. Yu, S. Sun

{"title":"Physiological and Molecular Biology of High Temperature Stress in Plants","authors":"J. Ye, T. Zhong, D. Yu, S. Sun","doi":"10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1072","url":null,"abstract":"During the past few years, climate change induced by global warming had caused the appearance of extreme high temperatures worldwide, which had resulted in devastating damage to crop production. High Temperature Stress (HTS) is becoming an increasingly significant problem for agricultural production. Recent studies have elucidated the complex regulatory networks and versatile metabolites involved in HTS tolerance. Here, we provided an overview of current knowledge regarding the adverse effect of HTS on plant growth and development, the impairment of HTS on photosynthesis and membrane system, the role of carbohydrate metabolism, accumulation of osmo-protectants and secondary metabolites, the induced production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROSs) and ROS detoxification system, and the synthesis of protective proteins like Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) in HTS tolerance. Furthermore, the role of different phytohormones in plant response to HTS were discussed and epigenetic modifications are reported to be one of the three major signaling pathways associated with HTS response in plants, through the development of a ‘stress memory’ that is generated by hypomethylation to improve the plant’s survival under recurring HTS conditions. These physiological and molecular knowledge underlying plant response to cope with HTS will be helpful for the future directions of breeding crop tolerance to HTS using these factors or other strategies for agricultural applications.","PeriodicalId":8133,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87547417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reducing Spray Drift and Increasing Spreading Effect of the Thifluzamide Through the Use of Adjuvants and Nozzles 通过佐剂和喷嘴的使用减少喷淋漂移，提高氟唑胺的扩散效果

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1071

Gong Cw, Y. Ma, Liu Yh, Wang Xg, Zhang Xx, R. Yang, Ruan Yw, Shen Lt, B. Li, Ltd. China Chengdu Green Gold High-tech Co., Ltd. China Chongqing Jian’an Instrument Co.

{"title":"Reducing Spray Drift and Increasing Spreading Effect of the Thifluzamide Through the Use of Adjuvants and Nozzles","authors":"Gong Cw, Y. Ma, Liu Yh, Wang Xg, Zhang Xx, R. Yang, Ruan Yw, Shen Lt, B. Li, Ltd. China Chengdu Green Gold High-tech Co., Ltd. China Chongqing Jian’an Instrument Co.","doi":"10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1071","url":null,"abstract":"Spray drift, as a practical issue during Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) spraying, has a negative impact on the environment, and the use of air-induction nozzles or anti-drift adjuvants are the most common recommendations for reducing drift. To screen the adjuvants for favourable atomization performance and anti-drift effect, we evaluated the spray atomization performance of different adjuvants by the droplet size measurement system. From the wind tunnel results, we commented on the relationship among the atomization performance, drift distance and drift deposition, and determined the drift percentage of different nozzles and the surface tension of liquids with different adjuvants. The results showed that the addition of adjuvants would modify the distribution span S, ΦVol<150μm and the volume medium diameter D50; ΦVol<150μm and D50 of the Maifei treatment decreased and increased the most of all the treatments. There were negative correlations between the drift distance, D50 and percentage of drift amount. The adjuvants Maifei and the nozzle IDK120-015 significantly decreased the drift deposition amount. And the anti-drift effect of nozzle IDK120-015 plus Maifei was significantly stronger than that of other nozzles or adjuvants. In addition, the addition of adjuvants could significantly decrease the surface tension, especially for Maifei. These results suggest that the addition of Maifei is an effective way to reduce the spray drift for all nozzle types and lessen the surface tension. These data help to provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable nozzles and adjuvants for plant protection UAVs.","PeriodicalId":8133,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85315501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of ABA in Overcoming Environmental Stress: Sensing, Signaling and Crosstalk ABA在克服环境胁迫中的作用:传感、信号和串扰

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-27 DOI: 10.26420/annagriccropsci.2021.1070

B. L, Saibi W, Brini F

引用次数: 4

The Role of Geographical Indications in Agricultural Sustainability and Economic Development 地理标志在农业可持续发展和经济发展中的作用

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-17 DOI: 10.26420/annagriccropsci.2021.1069

B. M.

引用次数: 0

Population Estimation of Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo trutta and Schizothorax plagastimous in Upper River Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 巴基斯坦开伯尔-普赫图赫瓦省斯瓦特河上游地区密吻Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo trutta和Schizothorax plagastimous的种群估计

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.26420/annagriccropsci.2021.1068

Ullah F, K. T, H. S., A. S., K. S., A. M., Hayat H

引用次数: 0

Soil and Plant Nutrient Dynamics in Response to Manuring with Different Organic Wastes under Alkaline Conditions 碱化条件下不同有机废弃物施肥对土壤和植物养分动态的响应

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1067

M. Ashraf, Aziz Ma, Shahzad Sm, A. Aziz

{"title":"Soil and Plant Nutrient Dynamics in Response to Manuring with Different Organic Wastes under Alkaline Conditions","authors":"M. Ashraf, Aziz Ma, Shahzad Sm, A. Aziz","doi":"10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2021.1067","url":null,"abstract":"Manuring with organic wastes might be an important approach for maintaining soil fertility and crop productivity. However, beneficial effects of manuring may vary depending upon the type of manure and rate of application. The present study was planned to investigate the efficiency of three different manures i.e. pressmud, farmyard manure and chicken manure applied at 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (w/w) to affect nutrient dynamics in soil and maize (Zea mays L) under alkaline conditions. Results revealed that manuring with organic wastes markedly affected the soil properties, with highest effect in case of chicken manure. Soil nutrient concentrations improved by the use of organic manures and maximum increase was found with pressmud which was 17.83%, 37.60%, 48.33% and 55.29% in phosphorus (P) and 9.82%, 20.54%, 32.14% and 40.18% potassium (K) at 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%, respectively compared to control, while farmyard manure showed superiority for soil nitrogen (N). Soil micronutrients including copper, iron, zinc and manganese were also greatly affected in response to manuring. Nutrient concentrations of maize were also enhanced by the use of manures, with maximum increase in case of pressmud which was 66.96, 77.68, 93.75 and 113.39% in N, 72.73, 154.55, 218.18 and 336.36% P, and 19.75, 30.86, 49.38 and 72.84% K at 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (w/w), respectively compared to control. Similar trend was found in case of other nutrients. Pressmud again showed its superiority to improve grain yield i.e. 14.85%, 22.19%, 34.02% and 58.25% by the application of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (w/w), respectively compared to control. In conclusion, pressmud showed supremacy over other manures in improving soil properties and nutrient dynamics in soil and maize plants with a consequential increase in grain yield. The beneficial effects of manuring increased with increasing the application rate.","PeriodicalId":8133,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80141541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Prolonged the Shelf Life of Different Foods using the Citrus By-Products as Antimicrobials: A Review Article 柑桔副产物作为抗菌剂延长不同食品保质期的研究进展

Annals of Agricultural & Crop Sciences Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.26420/ANNAGRICCROPSCI.2019.1039

S. Al-Dalali

引用次数: 2