APCBEE Procedia最新文献_第4页

Early Detection of Fungal Diseases in Winter Wheat by Multi-optical Sensors 多光学传感器在冬小麦真菌病害早期检测中的应用

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.027

Yuxuan Wang , Shamaila Zia , Sebastian Owusu-Adu , Roland Gerhards , Joachim Müller

{"title":"Early Detection of Fungal Diseases in Winter Wheat by Multi-optical Sensors","authors":"Yuxuan Wang , Shamaila Zia , Sebastian Owusu-Adu , Roland Gerhards , Joachim Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biotic factors such as pests and pathogens cause a substantial damage to wheat crops which leads to reduction in yield in a range from 10% to 50%. Application of fungicides and pesticides on one hand protects the crop but it also increases the crop production cost. Pathogens affect photosynthesis, respiration, translocation of water and nutrients of the crop and mostly the visual symptoms are detected too late to protect the crop. The objective of this study was to detect the plant fungal diseases by non-invasive sensor technologies and to determine the early outbreak of the disease. The experiment was conducted in the greenhouse where the two wheat cultivars namely; Monopol and Kalahari were infected with three fungal diseases viz. <em>Fusarium culmorum</em>, <em>Septoria tritici</em> and <em>Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritic.</em> Throughout the experiment four spectral sensors were used namely, Isaria, Handyspec, Multiplex and Infrared thermal camera. The results showed that as early as 2 days after inoculation (DAI), an increase in the average canopy temperature and maximum temperature difference within the canopy (MTD) was observed. Similarly, the REIP calculated from Handyspec showed significant difference between the infested and the control plants before the visual symptoms appeared. Multiplex measured chlorophyll content which is related to the photosynthesis process allowed to detect the early symptoms in contrast to the Isaria which, does not show a significant difference between control and infected plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 199-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73000543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Effect of Chitosan on the Quality of Rose Apples (Syzygium Agueum Alston) cv. Tabtim Chan Stored at an Ambient Temperature 壳聚糖对桃红苹果品质的影响Tabtim Chan在常温下储存

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.047

Maratree Plainsirichai, Saranya Leelaphatthanapanich, Nattapong Wongsachai

引用次数: 20

Technical and Economic Analyses of Poultry Production in the UAE: Utilizing an Evaluation of Poultry Industry Feeds and a Cross-section Survey 阿联酋家禽生产的技术和经济分析:利用家禽工业饲料的评估和一项横断面调查

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.038

A. Hussein , S. Sherif , A. Al-Juboori , A. Al-Mansorri , K. Alsharafi

{"title":"Technical and Economic Analyses of Poultry Production in the UAE: Utilizing an Evaluation of Poultry Industry Feeds and a Cross-section Survey","authors":"A. Hussein , S. Sherif , A. Al-Juboori , A. Al-Mansorri , K. Alsharafi","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The project objective is to closely investigate select UAE poultry industry production issues as well as technical and marketing aspects. A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was conducted of UAE poultry farms using PDA (Portable Data Assistant) technology. Study objectives include: (1) obtaining baseline information on existing broiler and layer farm subsectors; (2) quantifying the amount of input used in the production process and the outputs obtained, and to identify some main and by-products that might have some economic value; (3) and assessment of feed-utilization produced by the feed industry. Economic characteristics of a typical poultry farm in UAE include: average broiler production at about 2,880 tons; average layer production at about 49 million eggs; and feed cost share of the average farm's operational cost estimated at 95%. This indicates the importance of expanding investment in UAE poultry sector. Efficiency of feed utilization of birds fed feeds from one company was slightly better (1.68 vs. 1.71) than birds fed feeds from the other company. Feed utilization efficiency of selected major feed producers in the UAE could meet the standards of high quality, commonly used meat-type strains. Such results are useful to the decision-maker at both the farm and policy levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 266-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.03.038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88000630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Functional Properties of Brown Rice Flour as Affected by Germination 发芽对糙米粉功能特性的影响

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.077

Anuchita Moongngarm, Tanongsak Moontree, Pisan Deedpinrum, Kirati Padtong

引用次数: 26

The Specific Nature of Chemical Composition of Water from Volcanic Lakes Based on Bali Case Study 火山湖水体化学成分的特殊性——以巴厘岛为例

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.008

Żaneta Polkowska , Marek Ruman , Sara Lehmann , Magdalena Matysik , Damian Absalon

{"title":"The Specific Nature of Chemical Composition of Water from Volcanic Lakes Based on Bali Case Study","authors":"Żaneta Polkowska , Marek Ruman , Sara Lehmann , Magdalena Matysik , Damian Absalon","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The research area was localized in the Indonesian Archipelago, at the latitude of eight and nine degrees S on the one of the Lesser Sunda group island provinces, Bali (563,3 km<sup>2</sup>). Two massive calderas (Mount Batur 1717 m above sea level.; Mount Sangiyang 2093 m above sea level) are one of the most prominent landforms in the chain of volcanic mountain ranges of the Bali Island. Lake Batur (17,18 km<sup>2</sup>) and Batur Spring (which are part of the freshwater lake system of Mt. Batur caldera) and also Danau Bratan Lake (one of the unconnected lakes next to the Mt. Sangiyang caldera), were selected for studies on the pollutants concentration levels in this volcanic area located in tropical climate. The research was aimed at determining the concentration of pollutants of natural (volcanic) and anthropogenic origin occurring in both lakes. The following parameters were determined: anions, metals, pH and conductivity. Based on the obtained dataset of initial studies it can be stated that the localization of aquatic ecosystems has the significant impact on the chemical composition of surface water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91474906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling of the Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Deactivation in a Spherical Bed Reactor: An Environmental Challenge 球形床反应器中甲醇合成催化剂失活的建模:一个环境挑战

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.021

Soheil Sadeghi , Leila Vafajoo , Mohammad Kazemeini , Moslem Fattahi

{"title":"Modeling of the Methanol Synthesis Catalyst Deactivation in a Spherical Bed Reactor: An Environmental Challenge","authors":"Soheil Sadeghi , Leila Vafajoo , Mohammad Kazemeini , Moslem Fattahi","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Catalyst deactivation and its environmental consequences are believed to be an important issue seriously needed to be dealt with. In this study, a mathematical model of a spherical bed along with the catalyst deactivation in a long-term operation period for the methanol synthesis was investigated. The inside space of the two spheres reactor configuration was filled with the catalyst. The materials in the outer surface of the inner hemisphere were understudied. The equations solved at two dynamic and static levels via the finite difference method. It was revealed that, the resulting pressure drop as well as operation costs might have been lowered while the production capacity enhanced in comparison with the conventional reactors and overall leading to better environment protections. Furthermore, the analysis of the catalyst deactivation behavior indicated that a series of parameters including the reactor temperature and size, as well as the entering carbon monoxide and feed rates played an important role in the catalyst deactivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"10 ","pages":"Pages 84-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81271694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Utilization of Vetiveria Zizaniodes (L.) Nash Leaves in Ganoderma Lucidum Cultivated 香根草的利用栽培的灵芝纳什叶

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.078

R. Sornprasert , S. Aroonsrimorakot

引用次数: 3

Pharmacokinetics Study of Metformin – Mathematical Modelling and Simulation 二甲双胍的药代动力学研究——数学建模与模拟

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.027

Sukankana Chakraborty , Kriti Arora , Prakash Kumar Sharma , Arijit Nath , Chiranjib Bhattacharjee

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics Study of Metformin – Mathematical Modelling and Simulation","authors":"Sukankana Chakraborty , Kriti Arora , Prakash Kumar Sharma , Arijit Nath , Chiranjib Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the present investigation, a deterministic mathematical model of the pharmacokinetics of Metformin was developed using the first principle of chemical engineering (mass balance). The mathematical model developed with precision, can predict the concentration time history of the drug interest in stomach, liver, intestine, and the peripheral areas. According to this model, after administration, the drug is dissolved in the stomach following first order kinetics. The intestinal absorption of Metformin is majorly mediated by plasma membrane monoamine transporter. In liver Metformin takes part in various metabolic pathways which subsequently aid the adsorption of the drug in different cellular systems. No intermediate metabolites of Metformin have been identified till now. The major route for elimination of Metformin is through tubular secretion, in an unchanged form in the urine. The outcome of the predicted data closely matches the experimental finding, extracted after a meticulous scrutiny of the accessible literature, and results of clinical trials. The model is highly realistic and pragmatic in its practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 151-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83535024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Approach to Produce a GIS Database for Road Surface Monitoring 一种用于路面监测的GIS数据库生成方法

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.042

Karwan Ghazi Fendi , Sarhat Mustafa Adam , Nick Kokkas , Martin Smith

{"title":"An Approach to Produce a GIS Database for Road Surface Monitoring","authors":"Karwan Ghazi Fendi , Sarhat Mustafa Adam , Nick Kokkas , Martin Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Road Surface Monitoring (RSM) is the process of detecting the distress on paved or unpaved road surfaces. The primary aim of this process is to detect any distress (such as road surface cracks) at early stages in order to apply maintenance on time. Early detection of road cracks can assist maintenance before the repair costs becomes too high. Local authorities should have an effective and easy to use monitoring process in place across the road network to meet their obligations.</p><p>The process of adding geographical identification metadata to the photos is called “Geo-tagging”. The proposed method in this work entails capturing GPS information when the photo is taken for the road surface distress, then attaching the photo to a map. The location disclosure in the act of geo-tagging of a photo provides qualities to the digital map. In that respect, a specific richness of the GIS dataset arises when they disclose the road surface distress photos.</p><p>This paper proposes a system for establishing a GIS database consisting of geo-tagged photos for local authorities to automate the process of recording and reporting road surface distresses. This system is easy to use, cost-effective, deployable, and can be used effectively by local authorities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8107,"journal":{"name":"APCBEE Procedia","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 235-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.01.042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91446093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Release and Transport of Toxic, Mobile Organic Compounds (Formaldehyde and Phenols) on an Arctic Glacier 北极冰川上有毒、可移动的有机化合物(甲醛和酚类)的释放和运输

APCBEE Procedia Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.apcbee.2014.10.006

Krystyna Kozioł , Marek Ruman , Katarzyna Kozak , Żaneta Polkowska

引用次数: 4