Lizhu Chen, Xiaobao Wei, Chengcheng Zheng, Xiaoli Liu, Jun Huang, Meiyu Zhang, Hui Chen, Ying Que, Ning Tang, Dejian Yuan, Qingyan Zhong
{"title":"Novel AK-1 gene variants combined with thalassemia causing rare hereditary non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia in a Chinese family.","authors":"Lizhu Chen, Xiaobao Wei, Chengcheng Zheng, Xiaoli Liu, Jun Huang, Meiyu Zhang, Hui Chen, Ying Que, Ning Tang, Dejian Yuan, Qingyan Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06289-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06289-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adenylate kinase (AK), also referred to as adenosine triphosphate-adenosine monophosphate phosphotransferase, serves an essential function in regulating cellular energy metabolism. A deficiency in red blood cell adenylate kinase 1 (AK-1) is linked to congenital non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia as well as delays in both mental and psychomotor development. This deficiency is an extremely rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder, with 13 highly pathogenic variants of the AK-1 gene documented globally through genetic testing. Thalassemia, a disorder of hemoglobin production, is a common monogenic inherited disease in southern China. Severe forms of thalassemia result in defective hemoglobin synthesis, leading to hemolytic anemia due to the breakdown of red blood cells. A molecular investigation was carried out on a proband with severe hemolytic anemia from a family in Guangxi, China, to identify the underlying cause of the anemia and associated clinical manifestations, offering valuable information for family planning and prenatal counseling. Hematological, biochemical, and thalassemia-specific genetic testing were performed on the proband and family members in relation to chronic hemolytic anemia. Whole-exome sequencing was utilized to detect genetic variants, followed by an analysis of their pathogenic potential. Confirmation was conducted using Sanger sequencing. Prenatal diagnosis was carried out by analyzing amniotic fluid during the mother's second pregnancy. The proband, who presented with severe hemolytic anemia, was diagnosed with the thalassemia genotype<sup>- SEA</sup>/αα compound β<sup>CD41-42</sup>/β<sup>N</sup>. A homozygous mutation, c.464delA (p.Lys155Arg fs*39), was identified in exon 6 of the AK-1 gene. A case of mild thalassemia with severe anemia was investigated, leading to the identification of a novel mutation in the AK-1 gene. Bioinformatics tools predicted the pathogenic nature of this variant, linking it to AK deficiency, which may contribute to the observed severe anemia and associated clinical symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Huang, Qianqian Zhang, Yuhua Ye, Yong Long, Haoyang Huang, Chao Niu, Bin Lin, Lilan Zeng, Yuxi Wang, Tingting Dai, Xiaoyun Hua, Xiangmin Xu
{"title":"Rapid detection of genetic modifiers of β-thalassemia based on MALDI-TOF MS.","authors":"Li Huang, Qianqian Zhang, Yuhua Ye, Yong Long, Haoyang Huang, Chao Niu, Bin Lin, Lilan Zeng, Yuxi Wang, Tingting Dai, Xiaoyun Hua, Xiangmin Xu","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06277-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06277-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels are influenced by various genetic modifiers, which have clinically beneficial effects on both β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. HbF-associated genetic variants are distributed throughout the genome, and current detection methods are often costly, time-consuming, and require multiple tests. Therefore, developing rapid and economical methods for the simultaneous detection of HbF-associated variants is essential for improving the accurate diagnosis of β-hemoglobinopathies. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was employed to detect 20 well-documented genetic modifiers in BCL11A, KLF1, HBG2, DNMT1, GATAD2A, and HBS1L-MYB intergenic polymorphism (HMIP). The new assay's accuracy, repeatability, and lowest detection limit were evaluated. It was subsequently applied to 81 samples, and the clinical effects of the modifiers were further verified in a cohort of 560 β-thalassemia patients. The MALDI-TOF MS assays successfully detected all 20 genetic modifiers simultaneously in a single reaction. Genotyping results from 15 repetitions were consistent and accurate, indicating the stability of this assay. The assay's lowest detection limit for DNA was as low as 0.2 ng, sufficient for simultaneous genotyping of all loci. A double-blind evaluation of 81 samples showed 100% concordance with traditional genotyping methods. Significant differences were observed in HbF levels, survival time without transfusion, and clinical classification for the detected genetic modifiers. The MALDI-TOF MS detection assay for HbF-related variants is simple, rapid and high throughput. It enables the detection of 20 genetic modifiers in a single test, supporting accurate large-scale detection and enhancing the precise diagnosis and clinical classification of β-thalassemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy and mechanism of the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor combined with decitabine in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.","authors":"Miaomiao Meng, Xiaoyan Feng, Yue Zhang, Yuyang Gao, Lijuan Han, Zhaoming Li, Xudong Zhang, Mingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06271-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06271-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) has a poor response to traditional chemotherapy regimens, and is prone to relapse after treatment. Effective drugs are lacking for relapsed and refractory (RR) T-LBL patients, highlighting the need for novel treatments. Selinexor and decitabine have good effects on a variety of hematolymphatic diseases and solid tumors, but how effective they are in treating T-LBL has not been reported. In this study, we first investigated the efficacy and mechanism of selinexor combined with decitabine in the treatment of T- LBL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression of T-LBL cells were detected via CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Changes in mRNA expression and protein levels were assessed via mRNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, and Western blotting. SLIT2 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Tumor xenograft models were established to evaluate the efficacy of drugs in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Selinexor or decitabine alone inhibited T-LBL cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Cotreatment with both drugs had obvious synergistic effects, promoted cell apoptosis, and induced G0/G1-phase cell cycle arrest in T-LBL cells, and the RNA sequencing results indicated that the tumor suppressor gene SLIT2 might be involved in the synergistic effect of the two drugs. In vivo, this combination showed synergistic antitumor effects in xenograft mouse models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, selinexor in combination with decitabine has significant synergistic effects both in vitro and in vivo and represents a new treatment option for RR T-LBL.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanru Hou, Ziyu Li, Lu Bai, Shuting Li, Jiajia Ai, Cheng Cheng, Li Tian, Yifei Cheng, Jianliu Wang
{"title":"Fertility assessment in long-term young female survivors with hematological disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a single-center real-life cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yanru Hou, Ziyu Li, Lu Bai, Shuting Li, Jiajia Ai, Cheng Cheng, Li Tian, Yifei Cheng, Jianliu Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06275-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06275-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HSCT has been recognized as a successful treatment for various hematological disease. The 5-year survival rate for children and adolescents diagnosed with hematological disease has risen to over 90% in high-income countries. Nevertheless, it has been reported that between 65 and 84% of individuals who undergo HSCT suffer from premature ovarian failure(POF), with only 0.6% managing to conceive successfully. To report the 5-year experience and evaluate the fertility of young female survivors in HSCT at Peking University People's Hospital, a total of 102 pediatric and female patients aged 8-35 years who underwent HSCT were included. The incidence of POF was 88.2%, 93.9% and 61.5% for young female AML, ALL and AA patients, respectively. The AA group (p = 0.028) had a significantly lower incidence of POF. In the POF group, 89% of patients underwent haploidentical related donor HSCT (p = 0.364) and the cyclophosphamide equivalent dose (CED) of these patients was 10,391 mg/m2 (4890, 10589) (p = 0.222). According to the univariate analysis, an age at HSCT ≥ 13 years (p = 0.007), a diagnosis of AA (p = 0.028), and menarche before and amenorrhea after HSCT (p = 0.016) were associated with POF occurrence. The patients diagnosed with AA had a lower incidence of POF(p = 0.028), while other factors were associated with a higher risk of POF. Multivariate analysis was performed that only age at HSCT was independently associated with POF post-HSCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julia T Geyer, Jia Ruan, Michael J Kluk, Liming Bao
{"title":"t(14;22)(q32;q11) translocation involving IGH and IGL acquired at progression of splenic marginal zone lymphoma treated with rituximab, ibrutinib, and obinutuzumab.","authors":"Julia T Geyer, Jia Ruan, Michael J Kluk, Liming Bao","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06282-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00277-025-06282-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Translocations involving immunoglobin (IG) are common in B-cell neoplasms. These IG translocations lead to the disposition of the enhancer or promoter of an IG locus, typically IGH, to a proto-oncogene, resulting in the elevated expression of the cancer gene. IG fusions play an important role in the diagnosis, prognostication, and therapy selection of B-cell lymphomas. A t(14;22)(q32;q11) translocation involving IGH and IGL is rare in lymphomas. We report herein clinicopathological characteristics, response to treatment, and outcomes of a first splenic marginal zone lymphoma case with a t(14;22)(q32;q11) translocation involving IGH and IGL treated with rituximab, ibrutinib, and obinutuzumab. Studies of additional cases are needed to elucidate the potential role of the t(14;22) translocation in lymphomagenesis and prognostication.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Azacitidine in combination with HAG for newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory AML: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Hong Pan, Zhen Gao, Yu Lian, Jingyu Zhao, Lele Zhang, Weiwang Li, Ruonan Li, Qian Liang, Jing Xu, Liyun Li, Xiao Yu, Zhexiang Kuang, Jun Shi, Liwei Fang","doi":"10.1007/s00277-024-06171-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-024-06171-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While Azacitidine combined with HAG (HHT, low-dose cytarabine, G-CSF) regimen has shown promise in treating older and unfit patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), its efficacy in younger patients remains understudied. This study evaluates the effectiveness and safety of Azacitidine combined with the HAG regimen in a broader patient cohort, including newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory AML patients. This single-center, prospective cohort included patients with acute myeloid leukemia admitted to our center from June 2019 to Oct 2022 for induction chemotherapy with the HAGA regimen (Azacitidine combined with HAG). We focused on patients' remission rate, MRD (minimal residual disease) conversion and safety. 71 patients with newly diagnosed or R/R AML were enrolled in this study, with a median follow-up time of 20.5 months. After two cycles of HAGA, patients received 3 cycles intermediate-dose Cytarabine and 1 cycle HAGA regimen as consolidation therapies. The CRc (composite complete remission) rate of HAGA regimen as induction chemotherapy for the overall cohort was 85.9% (61/71), which included 71.8% (51/71) CR and 14.1% (10/71) CRi. The CRc with MRD-negative rate was 76.1%. Median OS (overall survival) and DFS (disease free survival) were not yet reached, and the estimated 24-month OS rate was 65.4% (95%CI: 48.4-78.0%), the estimated 24-month DFS rate 66.0% (95%CI: 48.1-79.0%). Only one patient died in induction. The HAGA regimen can be a new option in addition to intense chemotherapy for newly diagnosed or R/R AML, and with high safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Galli, Lorenzo Masina, Gabriele Magliano, Enrico Morello, Evelyn Van Hauwermeiren, Michele Malagola, Mirko Farina, Vera Radici, Domenico Russo, Daniele Avenoso
{"title":"Neuro-toxoplasmosis in haploidentical haematopoietic stem cell transplant.","authors":"Marco Galli, Lorenzo Masina, Gabriele Magliano, Enrico Morello, Evelyn Van Hauwermeiren, Michele Malagola, Mirko Farina, Vera Radici, Domenico Russo, Daniele Avenoso","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06281-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06281-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant is a routine procedure for several haematological disorders though infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality. Rare infections, such as protozoan reactivations, can be life-threatening and clinicians should be aware of these possibilities. Herein, we present a case of neuro-toxoplasmosis post haploidentical haematopoietic stem cell transplant.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bingjie Ding, Xuewen Song, Liu Liu, Xiaoying Niu, Mengjuan Li, Yuanyuan Zhang, Shujun Shao, Ao Xia, Jingyuan Liu, Jing Zhang, Po Li, Fan Zhang, Guancong Liu, Zhehuang Li, Peng Zhang, Hu Zhou
{"title":"Sequential combined bypassing therapy in haemophilia patients with high titer inhibitors: surgical experience.","authors":"Bingjie Ding, Xuewen Song, Liu Liu, Xiaoying Niu, Mengjuan Li, Yuanyuan Zhang, Shujun Shao, Ao Xia, Jingyuan Liu, Jing Zhang, Po Li, Fan Zhang, Guancong Liu, Zhehuang Li, Peng Zhang, Hu Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06265-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06265-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sequential combination bypass therapy (SCBT) is an effective treatment option for haemophilia patients with inhibitors; however, its safety, efficacy, and cost have largely have yet to be systematically evaluated. To address this question, we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 14 haemophilia patients with high titer inhibitors who underwent surgery. The patients with high inhibitors were treated with two SCBT regimens by optimizing doses of the recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) and prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). The effectiveness and safety of the two SCBT regimens were evaluated. In addition, rFVIIa and PCC factor consumption and costs were also compared. The median age of the 14 patients was 30.00 (27.25-42.75) years. They all underwent major surgeries, with 85.71% (12/14) was orthopedic surgeries related to hemophilic arthropathy. Four patients were treated using regimen 1 and ten with regimen 2. Results showed that regimen 2 exhibited a higher haemostatic efficiency (90% vs. 75% intraoperative and 90% vs. 50% postoperative) and a 28.0% reduction in economic costs (863,604.68 RMB vs. 621,756.62 RMB). All patients after surgery had no prothrombin time extension, 7.14% had fibrinogen and platelet count decreases, and 57.14% had D-dimer increases that returned to baseline within 5-7 days after SCBT. The study shows that regimen 2 as an optimized SCBT regimen is an efficient approach to secure haemostasis for haemophilia patients with high titer inhibitors in the perioperative period, rather than regimen 1. The findings can help design future clinical studies and provide more reliable data and implementation advice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simone Karp, Karolin Trautmann-Grill, Paul Warncke, Dominik Zolnowski, Christoph Röllig, Marcel Pannach, Jessica Zinn, Frank Kroschinsky, Anke Morgner, Malte von Bonin, Annette Hänel, Regina Herbst, Stephan Fricke, Martin Bornhäuser, Mathias Hänel, Raphael Teipel
{"title":"Is there still a place for autologous salvage transplantation in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma in the era of novel therapies?","authors":"Simone Karp, Karolin Trautmann-Grill, Paul Warncke, Dominik Zolnowski, Christoph Röllig, Marcel Pannach, Jessica Zinn, Frank Kroschinsky, Anke Morgner, Malte von Bonin, Annette Hänel, Regina Herbst, Stephan Fricke, Martin Bornhäuser, Mathias Hänel, Raphael Teipel","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06262-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06262-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after previous autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT), novel agents, cellular and immunotherapies are increasingly available. Options for second-line treatment mostly include triplet regimens based on proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies and since recently also CAR T cells. The importance of autologous salvage transplantation (retransplantation, Re-AHCT) has significantly decreased in recent years due to the availability of many new treatment options. Therefore, we performed a retrospective analysis of 171 pts cases with RRMM who received Re-AHCT between 2002 and 2021. With a median follow-up of 74.7 months, the 5-year rates of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 18% (median 20.6 months) and 57% (median 65.0 months), respectively, the 100-day mortality rate was 4%. Multivariate analysis identified R-ISS stage and duration of previous response (DoR) as independent prognostic factors for PFS and OS. While the revealed high-risk population (R-ISS stage II/III, DoR ≤ 24 months) was associated with a significantly worse PFS (HR 2.728) and OS (HR 3.129), the low-risk group (R-ISS I, DoR > 24 months) achieved a median PFS and OS of 45.0 months and 80.2 months, respectively. Therefore, Re-AHCT could remain an option in such prognostically favorable pts with RRMM even in the era of novel therapies especially when more potent treatment modalities are not available.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qin Zhang, Yujia Huo, Chengfei Li, Qinggang Sun, Xi Xi, Rui Sun, Qingju Sun, Meijuan Jiang, Guang Li
{"title":"Antibiotic lock therapy for the treatment of peripherally inserted central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies: a single center retrospective study.","authors":"Qin Zhang, Yujia Huo, Chengfei Li, Qinggang Sun, Xi Xi, Rui Sun, Qingju Sun, Meijuan Jiang, Guang Li","doi":"10.1007/s00277-025-06263-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-025-06263-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Catheter-related bloodstream infections represent one of the most prevalent complications in patients with peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs). The application of antibiotic lock therapy (ALT), particularly in patients with hematological malignancies, has not been well documented. We aim to share our experience on ALT for these patients and to evaluate its effectiveness and safety. All cases of patients with hematological malignancies who had PICC from January 2018 to October 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. Microbiologic data of PICC-related bloodstream infections (PRBSIs) were collected. A comparison was made between patients managed with ALT and those without it. Factors affecting PICC removal were also explored. A total of 45 patients experienced 67 episodes of PRBSIs, yielding an incidence rate of 2.98 per 1,000 PICC days. The median time of PRBSI onset was 42 days. Predominant pathogens included Gram-negative bacilli (49.3%) and Gram-positive cocci (35.8%). The catheter salvage rate was significantly higher at 76.5% when ALT was combined with systemic antibiotic therapy (SAT), compared to 51.5% for SAT alone (p = 0.033). 3 death events (3/34) compared with 4 death events (4/33) occurred in each therapeutic regimen (p = 0.709). Elevated procalcitonin levels (> 2ng/ml) and inadequate empirical therapy were risk factors for PICC removal; conversely, ALT served as a protective factor against it. ALT in combination with systemic antibiotics is a safe and effective approach for managing PRBSIs in patients with hematological malignancies, helping to avoid unnecessary catheter removal and could be considered in clinical practice when catheter retention is desired.</p>","PeriodicalId":8068,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Hematology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}