Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology最新文献_第5页

AGROBACTERIUM AND PLANT GENES INVOLVED IN T-DNA TRANSFER AND INTEGRATION. 农杆菌和植物基因参与t-dna的转移和整合。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.223

Stanton B. Gelvin

引用次数: 511

THE GREAT ESCAPE: Phloem Transport and Unloading of Macromolecules1. 大逃逸:韧皮部运输和大分子的卸载

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.323

Karl J. Oparka, Simon Santa Cruz

{"title":"THE GREAT ESCAPE: Phloem Transport and Unloading of Macromolecules1.","authors":"Karl J. Oparka, Simon Santa Cruz","doi":"10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.323","url":null,"abstract":"The phloem of higher plants translocates a diverse range of macromolecules including proteins, RNAs, and pathogens. This review considers the origin and destination of such macromolecules. A survey of the literature reveals that the majority of phloem-mobile macromolecules are synthesized within companion cells and enter the sieve elements through the branched plasmodesmata that connect these cells. Examples of systemic macromolecules that originate outside the companion cell are rare and are restricted to viral and subviral pathogens and putative RNA gene-silencing signals, all of which involve a relay system in which the macromolecule is amplified in each successive cell along the pathway to companion cells. Evidence is presented that xenobiotic macromolecules may enter the sieve element by a default pathway as they do not possess the necessary signals for retention in the sieve element-companion cell complex. Several sink tissues possess plasmodesmata with a high-molecular-size exclusion limit, potentially allowing the nonspecific escape of a wide range of small (<50-kDa) macromolecules from the phloem. Larger macromolecules and systemic mRNAs appear to require facilitated transport through sink plasmodesmata. The fate of phloem-mobile macromolecules is considered in relation to current models of long-distance signaling in plants.","PeriodicalId":80493,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology","volume":" ","pages":"323-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40834191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 270

PLANT THIOREDOXIN SYSTEMS REVISITED. 重新审视植物硫氧还蛋白系统。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.371

P. Schurmann, J.-P. Jacquot

引用次数: 387

NONPHOTOSYNTHETIC METABOLISM IN PLASTIDS. 质体中的非光合代谢。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.111

H. E. Neuhaus, M. J. Emes

引用次数: 556

PATHWAYS AND REGULATION OF SULFUR METABOLISM REVEALED THROUGH MOLECULAR AND GENETIC STUDIES. 通过分子和遗传学研究揭示了硫代谢的途径和调控。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 2000-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.51.1.141

Thomas Leustek, Melinda N. Martin, Julie-Ann Bick, John P. Davies

引用次数: 677

Diversity and regulation of plant Ca2+ pumps: insights from expression in yeast. 植物Ca2+泵的多样性和调控:来自酵母表达的见解。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/ANNUREV.ARPLANT.51.1.433

H. Sze, F. Liang, Ildoo Hwang, A. Curran, J. Harper

{"title":"Diversity and regulation of plant Ca2+ pumps: insights from expression in yeast.","authors":"H. Sze, F. Liang, Ildoo Hwang, A. Curran, J. Harper","doi":"10.1146/ANNUREV.ARPLANT.51.1.433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV.ARPLANT.51.1.433","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial and temporal regulation of calcium concentration in plant cells depends on the coordinate activities of channels and active transporters located on different organelles and membranes. Several Ca2+ pumps have been identified and characterized by functional expression of plant genes in a yeast mutant (K616). This expression system has opened the way to a genetic and biochemical characterization of the regulatory and catalytic features of diverse Ca2+ pumps. Plant Ca(2+)-ATPases fall into two major types: AtECA1 represents one of four or more members of the type IIA (ER-type) Ca(2+)-ATPases in Arabidopsis, and AtACA2 is one of seven or more members of the type IIB (PM-type) Ca(2+)-ATPases that are regulated by a novel amino terminal domain. Type IIB pumps are widely distributed on membranes, including the PM (plasma membrane), vacuole, and ER (endoplasmic reticulum). The regulatory domain serves multiple functions, including autoinhibition, calmodulin binding, and sites for modification by phosphorylation. This domain, however, is considerably diverse among several type IIB ATPases, suggesting that the pumps are differentially regulated. Understanding of Ca2+ transporters at the molecular level is providing insights into their roles in signaling networks and in regulating fundamental processes of cell biology.","PeriodicalId":80493,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology","volume":"51 1","pages":"433-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/ANNUREV.ARPLANT.51.1.433","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64258975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 304

ASYMMETRIC CELL DIVISION IN PLANTS. 植物中的不对称细胞分裂。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.505

Ben Scheres, Philip N. Benfey

引用次数: 137

SILICON. 硅。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.641

Emanuel Epstein

{"title":"SILICON.","authors":"Emanuel Epstein","doi":"10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.641","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon is present in plants in amounts equivalent to those of such macronutrient elements as calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, and in grasses often at higher levels than any other inorganic constituent. Yet except for certain algae, including prominently the diatoms, and the Equisetaceae (horsetails or scouring rushes), it is not considered an essential element for plants. As a result it is routinely omitted from formulations of culture solutions and considered a nonentity in much of plant physiological research. But silicon-deprived plants grown in conventional nutrient solutions to which silicon has not been added are in many ways experimental artifacts. They are often structurally weaker than silicon-replete plants, abnormal in growth, development, viability, and reproduction, more susceptible to such abiotic stresses as metal toxicities, and easier prey to disease organisms and to herbivores ranging from phytophagous insects to mammals. Many of these same conditions afflict plants in silicon-poor soils-and there are such. Taken together, the evidence is overwhelming that silicon should be included among the elements having a major bearing on plant life.","PeriodicalId":80493,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology","volume":" ","pages":"641-664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40833983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM: Molecular Genetics. 天冬氨酸代谢:分子遗传学。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.305

John C. Cushman, Hans J. Bohnert

{"title":"CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM: Molecular Genetics.","authors":"John C. Cushman, Hans J. Bohnert","doi":"10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.305","url":null,"abstract":"Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is an adaptation of photosynthesis to limited availability of water or CO2. CAM is characterized by nocturnal CO2 fixation via the cytosolic enzyme PEP carboxylase (PEPC), formation of PEP by glycolysis, malic acid accumulation in the vacuole, daytime decarboxylation of malate and CO2 re-assimilation via ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RUBISCO), and regeneration of storage carbohydrates from pyruvate and/or PEP by gluconeogenesis. Within this basic framework, the pathway exhibits an extraordinary range of metabolic plasticity governed by environmental, developmental, tissue-specific, hormonal, and circadian cues. Characterization of genes encoding key CAM enzymes has shown that a combination of transcriptional, posttranscriptional, translational, and posttranslational regulatory events govern the expression of the pathway. Recently, this information has improved our ability to dissect the regulatory and signaling events that mediate the expression and operation of the pathway. Molecular analysis and sequence information have also provided new ways of assessing the evolutionary origins of CAM. Genetic and physiological analysis of transgenic plants currently under development will improve our further understanding of the molecular genetics of CAM.","PeriodicalId":80493,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology","volume":" ","pages":"305-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40834035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 146

PHOSPHATE TRANSLOCATORS IN PLASTIDS. 质体中的磷酸盐易位子。

Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology Pub Date : 1999-06-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.50.1.27

Ulf-Ingo Flugge

引用次数: 113