Molecular urology最新文献_第4页

Validation and regulation of medical neural networks. 医学神经网络的验证与调控。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/10915360152745803

D. Rodvold

引用次数: 8

Chromosome 9 and 17 aberrations and p53 gene deletion detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in renal-cell carcinoma. 荧光原位杂交检测肾细胞癌9、17号染色体畸变及p53基因缺失。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/109153601750124221

K. Yoshioka, S. Nakamura

{"title":"Chromosome 9 and 17 aberrations and p53 gene deletion detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in renal-cell carcinoma.","authors":"K. Yoshioka, S. Nakamura","doi":"10.1089/109153601750124221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/109153601750124221","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Nuclear grade and tumor stage have been reported as important prognostic factors for renal-cell carcinoma (RCC), but tumors of similar stage and grade can still exhibit wide variations in biologic behavior and clinical outcome. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has recently been applied to RCC. This study was designed to investigate whether aberrations of some chromosomes or genes detected by FISH are related to the progression of RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined 52 patients with RCC, including 31 patients without metastasis (control group) and 21 patients with either concurrent or subsequent metastasis (metastatic group). Paraffin-embedded specimens of the primary tumors were analyzed by FISH for aberrations of chromosomes 9 and 17, as well as for p53 gene alterations. RESULTS The incidence of aberrations of chromosome 9 was higher in the metastatic group than in the control group. The p53 gene deletion rate was significantly higher in the metastatic group than in the control group. When the metastatic group was separated into concurrent and subsequent metastasis subgroups, chromosome 17 aberrations as well as p53 gene deletion were significantly more common in the subsequent metastasis group than in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 as well as p53 gene deletion detected by FISH may be markers of chromosomal instability in RCC and are probably associated with an increased propensity to metastasize.","PeriodicalId":80296,"journal":{"name":"Molecular urology","volume":"5 1 1","pages":"11-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/109153601750124221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60627860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Immunohistochemical changes in prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy. 前列腺癌雄激素剥夺治疗后的免疫组织化学变化。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

D G Bostwick

引用次数: 0

Difficulties in interpreting specimens after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy and radiation with illustration of neuroendocrine differentiation. 新辅助激素治疗和放射治疗后标本解释的困难与神经内分泌分化的说明。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

F Civantos

{"title":"Difficulties in interpreting specimens after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy and radiation with illustration of neuroendocrine differentiation.","authors":"F Civantos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Pattern and cellular changes attributable to neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) might cause the unwary pathologist to overgrade or fail to recognize a treated prostatic cancer. Overdiagnosis and overgrading of surgical resections and biopsies can be avoided if an appropriate history of therapy is conveyed with the surgical specimen and if the pathologist is aware of the altered morphology of prostatic cancer treated by NHT alone or NHT plus radiation. Study of three prostatectomy specimens with post-NHT predominance of neuroendocrine cells showed positive staining for prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), as well as staining for chromogranin and synaptophysin in Paneth-like and small neuroendocrine cells. Difficult-to-interpret needle biopsies and transurethral resection (TUR) biopsies of prostate, where the urologic pathologist's suspicion of a radiation effect was confirmed by additional history, showed absence of the basal cell layer with 34 beta E12 keratin immunostaining in prostatic cancer glands, while basal cells were present in the nonneoplastic glands with radiation-induced atypia. Postradiation salvage prostatectomy specimens showed greater apoptosis after combined NHT and radiation than after radiation without NHT. Changes attributable to radiation and radiation plus NHT are illustrated.","PeriodicalId":80296,"journal":{"name":"Molecular urology","volume":"4 3","pages":"117-21; discussion 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21889340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Significance of the Gleason scoring system after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. 新辅助激素治疗后Gleason评分系统的意义。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

G Bentley, J Dey, W A Sakr, D P Wood, J E Pontes, D J Grignon

{"title":"Significance of the Gleason scoring system after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy.","authors":"G Bentley, J Dey, W A Sakr, D P Wood, J E Pontes, D J Grignon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) induces morphologic changes in prostate adenocarcinoma that result in the assignment of higher Gleason scores on average than in pretreatment biopsy specimens. This outcome has led to the recommendation that the Gleason scoring system not be applied to prostate adenocarcinoma specimens after NHT. We reviewed the radical prostatectomy specimens of 116 patients who had received NHT. Gleason scores were assigned on the post-treatment specimens by applying the usual criteria; in addition, an estimated pretreatment Gleason score was assigned on the basis of knowledge of the morphologic alterations associated with NHT. Finally, an estimate of the degree of therapy effect was assigned: little or no evidence of hormonal effect (grade 1) to marked therapy-related changes (grade 3). Both the post-treatment and the estimated pretreatment Gleason score correlated significantly with biochemical progression (P = 0.03 and P = 0.03, respectively; log-rank test). The degree of therapy effect did not correlate with progression (P = 0.46; log-rank test). This limited analysis suggests that despite the morphologic alterations induced by NHT, post-treatment Gleason score remains a significant prognostic measure. Further studies in more uniformly treated populations are required to confirm this observation.","PeriodicalId":80296,"journal":{"name":"Molecular urology","volume":"4 3","pages":"125-;discussion 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21889341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Urinary incontinence after treatment for localized prostate cancer. 局部前列腺癌治疗后尿失禁。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

R J Krane

引用次数: 0

Gene therapy as translational research. 基因治疗的转化研究。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/10915360050138558

S. Asano

引用次数: 2

Adenovirus-mediated p53 gene therapy for human cancer. 腺病毒介导的p53基因治疗人类癌症。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01 DOI: 10.1089/10915360050138585

T. Fujiwara, M. Kataoka, N. Tanaka

{"title":"Adenovirus-mediated p53 gene therapy for human cancer.","authors":"T. Fujiwara, M. Kataoka, N. Tanaka","doi":"10.1089/10915360050138585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/10915360050138585","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in molecular biology have fostered remarkable insights into the molecular basis of neoplasms. Considerable evidence has accumulated that among the mechanisms of human cancer development are overexpression of dominant oncogenes, expression of mutant oncogenes, or specific chromosomal deletions or mutations that induce inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes. This understanding of cancer pathogenesis suggests that restoration of the function of critical gene products could halt or reverse these abnormalities, thus having a therapeutic effect. The p53 tumor suppressor gene has been implicated in many inherited and sporadic forms of malignancies in humans. Preclinical experiments have demonstrated that restoration of wildtype p53 function in the cancer cell by gene transfer is sufficient to cause antitumor effects such as cell-cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. This approach has entered clinical testing and provided intriguing information about the intratumoral administration of an adenovirus vector expressing the wildtype p53 gene in non-small-cell lung cancer. The clinical study has also provided evidence of the bystander phenomenon, which is important for potential clinical efficacy. This article reviews recent highlights in this rapidly evolving field: p53 gene therapy for human cancer.","PeriodicalId":80296,"journal":{"name":"Molecular urology","volume":"4 2 1","pages":"51-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/10915360050138585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60626630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Update on transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the prostate. 经直肠超声引导前列腺穿刺活检的最新进展。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

M S Cookson

{"title":"Update on transrectal ultrasound-guided needle biopsy of the prostate.","authors":"M S Cookson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, the sextant biopsy technique has emerged as the standard of care in the detection of prostate cancer. This technique is easy to learn and well tolerated by patients and has a major complication rate of <1%. However, limitations in cancer detection have been appreciated, particularly a false-negative rate approaching 25%. This high failure rate has led investigators to refine biopsy techniques to improve cancer detection. Intuitively, increasing the total number of cores should improve cancer detection. However, the optimal core number has yet to be defined. Confounding factors include variability of prostate size, tumor volume, and tumor location. Currently, a new standard is emerging prescribing a minimum of eight cores, of which at least three are directed at the lateral aspect of the peripheral zone. These additional biopsies appear to enhance cancer detection by about 15%. The improved yield is most pronounced among patients with a serum prostate specific antigen concentration between 4 and 10 ng/mL and larger gland volume (>50 cc). These additional biopsies may decrease the need for repeat biopsies. In the meantime, strategies are being developed for the optimal technique of repeat biopsies among patients with persistent clinical suspicion in the setting of a prior negative biopsy. Currently, recommendations include increasing the biopsy number to a minimum of 10 cores, including sampling of the lateral peripheral and transition zones.","PeriodicalId":80296,"journal":{"name":"Molecular urology","volume":"4 3","pages":"93-7; discussion 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21889337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neoadjuvant hormone therapy: the Canadian trials. 新辅助激素治疗:加拿大试验。

Molecular urology Pub Date : 2000-01-01

L Klotz, M Gleave, S L Goldenberg

{"title":"Neoadjuvant hormone therapy: the Canadian trials.","authors":"L Klotz, M Gleave, S L Goldenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The Canadian Urologic Oncology Group has carried out three studies of neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) in prostate cancer. The first, a study of 3 months of cyproterone acetate (CPA) 100 mg TID in patients undergoing external-beam radiation therapy, showed a benefit with respect to time to biochemical progression. There are no survival or clinical progression data available from this study. The second study involved 3 months of CPA prior to radical prostatectomy compared with radical prostatectomy alone and enrolled 200 patients. The probability of biochemical progression at 36 months was similar in the two groups (CPA 40%; surgery alone 30%; P = 0.3233). More recently, we have carried out a randomized trial of 3 v 8 months of leuprolide plus flutamide prior to radical prostatectomy in 547 patients. Patients were stratified by clinical stage, Gleason grade, and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration. In the 3- and 8-month groups, presurgery PSA concentrations were <0.1 ng/mL in 35% v 73%, and >0.3 ng/mL in 37% v 10%, respectively. In the 3- and 8-month groups, the positive margin rates were 17% and 5% and the organ-confined rates 71% and 91% (P < 0.01). One-year follow-up is now available on the entire cohort. Data regarding time to biochemical and clinical progression and overall and disease-specific survival will be required to determine whether this change in the pathologic findings translates into a patient benefit.","PeriodicalId":80296,"journal":{"name":"Molecular urology","volume":"4 3","pages":"233-7;discussion 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21890484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0