G. Mallikarjun, P. Shiva Kumar, K. Ranjith Kumar, P. Mahesh Kumar, P. Chandrasekhar, T. V. Sagar, N. Lingaiah
{"title":"Studies of Ni Supported on La-Zr Mixed Oxide Catalysts for Bi-reforming of Methane with CO2 to Syngas","authors":"G. Mallikarjun, P. Shiva Kumar, K. Ranjith Kumar, P. Mahesh Kumar, P. Chandrasekhar, T. V. Sagar, N. Lingaiah","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02150-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02150-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigation of methane bi-reforming over Ni-impregnated La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> mixed oxide catalysts to produce hydrogen-rich syngas. A series of supports with varying molar ratios of La-Zr were synthesized using the co-precipitation method, and the metal addition was carried out using the impregnation method. The properties of the materials are characterized by different characterization techniques such as BET, XRD, H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, and CO<sub>2</sub>-TPD analyses. The overall characterization illustrated that the change in the mole ratio of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> support improves catalyst performance by enhancing CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption and metal-support interactions and reducing carbon deposition. 12 wt% Ni loading catalyst with La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-ZrO<sub>2</sub> molar ratio of 3:1 showed optimal performance, yielding high methane and CO<sub>2</sub> conversion rates (90% and 75%, respectively) and achieving H<sub>2</sub> yield of 82%. Further, the catalyst demonstrated stability over a 100 h reaction time, ascribed to the strong metal-support interaction along with the change in the basicity with change in the La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, which improves the overall bi-reforming methane reactivity and enhances syngas production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2144 - 2160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between Physicochemical Properties and Toluene Oxidation Performance of the CeOx–CrOx Catalysts","authors":"Dong Ye, Xiaoxiang Wang, Kai Zhu, Ke Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02152-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02152-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of CeO<sub><i>x</i></sub>–CrO<sub><i>x</i></sub> catalysts were synthesized via the sol-gel method for the oxidation of toluene. A comprehensive set of characterization techniques, including XRD, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption, Raman spectroscopy, HRTEM, H<sub>2</sub>-TPR, O<sub>2</sub>-TPD, XPS, and in situ DRIFTS, was employed to investigate the structure-performance relationships of the catalysts. Among the catalysts, the one with a Ce/Cr molar ratio of 1:3 exhibited the best performance in toluene oxidation, with the activation energy for toluene degradation decreasing from 54.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for CeO<sub><i>x</i></sub> to 31.3 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for the CeO<sub><i>x</i></sub>–CrO<sub><i>x</i></sub> (1:3) and CO<sub>2</sub> selectivity reaching 100% at temperatures above 250 °C. This enhancement was primarily attributed to an increased specific surface area, an elevated concentration of highly active Cr<sup>6+</sup> species, and improved reducibility and mobility of surface oxygen species. During the reaction, toluene was rapidly adsorbed and converted into benzoate intermediates, which were subsequently oxidized to form the final products, CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2078 - 2088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suranjana Patowary, Bhugendra Chutia, Pragya Moni Gogoi, Pankaj Bharali
{"title":"A Robust Bifunctional Electrocatalyst with Crystalline-Amorphous Interfaces toward Oxygen Reduction/Evolution Reactions","authors":"Suranjana Patowary, Bhugendra Chutia, Pragya Moni Gogoi, Pankaj Bharali","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02147-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02147-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This work reports the successful synthesis of a highly stable and durable non-PGM catalyst Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C via a simple solvothermal process. The electrocatalytic ability of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/C, CeO<sub>2</sub>/C and Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C are tested for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR, OER). Under identical conditions, the electrochemical studies of the catalysts reveal enhanced performance of the Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C. It shows the highest geometric current density (j<sub>geo</sub> = ̶ 4.1 mAcm<sup>−2</sup> ) at 0.33 V vs. RHE. Moreover, Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C has the earliest onset for OER with a bifunctionality index of ΔE = 1.05 V and has the highest turnover frequency. The catalyst was compared with benchmarks like 20 wt% Pt/C for ORR and RuO<sub>2</sub> for OER. Chronoamperometry studies (CA) reveals superior performance of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C over Pt/C for ORR and accelerated durability test (ADT) shows no observable shift of half-wave potential (E<sub>1/2</sub>). This enhancement of electrocatalytic ability of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C are attributed to (1) higher degree of Co<sup>2+</sup>:Co<sup>3+</sup> ratio (3.6) in Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/Co<sub>x</sub>Ce<sub>1−x</sub>O<sub>2−δ</sub>/C than in Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/C (0.8) as revealed from XPS. This is a result of doping of cobalt into CeO<sub>2</sub>, and (2) presence of crystalline-amorphous interfaces as observed from HRTEM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2269 - 2280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. E. Hernández-Terán, J. L. García-Gutiérrez, Victor Lara, José Luis Contreras-Larios, G. A. Fuentes
{"title":"Effect of the Carbon/Nitrogen Ratio on the NO H2-SCR and H2–C3H8-SCR Catalyzed by Ag/γ-Al2O3","authors":"M. E. Hernández-Terán, J. L. García-Gutiérrez, Victor Lara, José Luis Contreras-Larios, G. A. Fuentes","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02106-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02106-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We report the effect of the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N), from 0 to 26.2, on the activity and selectivity of the NO Selective Catalytic Reduction with propane and hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>-SCR) over 2 wt% Ag/γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> between 25 and 500 °C. The gas composition included 3% (v/v) O<sub>2</sub> and 6% (v/v) H<sub>2</sub>O at GHSV = 70,651 h<sup>−1</sup>. There are two NO conversion zones as a function of temperature, previously reported. The low temperature ranged from 60 to 180 °C and reached 100% conversion of NO to N<sub>2</sub> at 140 °C. The addition of C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> had a small effect, decreasing NO conversion to 90–95%, and the temperature window about 10 °C. The H<sub>2</sub> conversion increased as a sigmoidal curve with temperature in all cases, and it shifted to low temperature too. This NO reduction range corresponds to the H<sub>2</sub>-SCR. The high temperature activity region involves competition for O<sub>2</sub> between NO and C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>. When C/N = 0 there was only oxidation to NO<sub>2</sub>. At C/N = 3.2 and 6.5 there was emission of NO<sub>2</sub> between 160 and 440 °C. At higher temperatures the selectivity to N<sub>2</sub> was > 88%. Above C/N = 13.1 the NO conversion reached 90 to 98%. The N<sub>2</sub>O concentration was negligible. The optimum C/N value was 13.1, with high NO conversion at low and high temperatures, and nearly 100% selectivity to N<sub>2</sub>. Analysis by XPS and UV–Vis–NIR showed the coexistence of Ag<sup>+</sup> and Ag<sup>0</sup> moieties that helps explain the variations and competition of the oxidation–reduction reactions of the NO–H<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>–O<sub>2</sub> system with temperature and with the C/N feed values.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 14-15","pages":"1816 - 1824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11244-025-02106-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Palladium Bromide–Palladium Composite for Direct Synthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide","authors":"Qiujing Fu, Weihan Zhang, Shuxing Bai","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02138-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02138-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, DSHP) from hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) is considered the most promising preparation method due to its atomic economy and compliance with the requirements of green chemistry. However, the poor H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> yield and selectivity still greatly limit its practical application. Herein, we synthesized a series of oxidized palladium and metal palladium composites (Pd<sup>2+</sup>–Pd) using a controlled decomposition method, to develop efficient catalysts for DSHP. The optimized 4% PdBr<sub>2</sub>–Pd/C-250-2 catalyst exhibited the excellent catalytic performance for DSHP, with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> selectivity of 99.2%, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> yield of 346.53 mol·<span>({text{kg}}_{{{text{cat}}{text{.}}}}^{{ - 1}})</span>·h<sup>− 1</sup>, and H<sub>2</sub> conversion of 50.7%. The finding indicates that the enhanced catalytic performance of 4% PdBr<sub>2</sub>–Pd/C-250-2 is due to the coexistence of PdBr<sub>2</sub>, PdO, and Pd, which not only effectively activates H<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub>, but also effectively inhibits the breaking of O–O bonds, greatly reducing the decomposition and hydrogenation activity of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, thereby achieving high H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> yield and selectivity. This article provides important ideas for the development of efficient DSHP catalysts and will promote their industrial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2347 - 2355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Brief Overview on Perovskite Oxide-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Water Splitting for Hydrogen Production","authors":"Unnati Bora, Doulat Lahon, Lakshi Saikia","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02136-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02136-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing global demand for sustainable energy has made electrocatalytic water splitting an essential method for efficient hydrogen production and storage. Perovskite oxides are becoming increasingly recognized as effective electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their tunable composition, diverse band structure, outstanding charge transport properties, and beneficial electronic characteristics. Nevertheless, their practical use is frequently limited by issues like inadequate intrinsic activity, stability problems, and cost-related concerns. This review thoroughly evaluates the latest advancements in perovskite oxide-based HER catalysts, emphasizing strategies to improve their electrocatalytic performance. Various techniques, including surface modification, elemental doping, and defect engineering, are investigated to optimize electronic structures, enhance active site density, and boost electrochemical durability. Furthermore, the review addresses improvements aimed at increasing the scalability and cost-effectiveness of perovskite oxide-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen production. Lastly, the article outlines existing challenges and future outlooks to inform the strategic advancement of next-generation perovskite materials for sustainable hydrogen energy endeavors.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2255 - 2268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ankur Chanda, Abbidi Shivani Reddy, Sayan Kanungo, Sounak Roy
{"title":"Structure-Dependent Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction Over Carbon-Supported CuSn Intermetallic Nano-Alloys","authors":"Ankur Chanda, Abbidi Shivani Reddy, Sayan Kanungo, Sounak Roy","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02137-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02137-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> stands out as a groundbreaking approach to transform CO<sub>2</sub> into valuable fuels and chemicals, heralding the prospect of a carbon-neutral energy landscape and making strides in climate change mitigation. Among the various catalytic systems available, bimetallic alloys created through the intentional integration of metals showcase highly tunable active sites and remarkable catalytic performance. This research presents the innovative design of bimetallic CuSn alloys derived from metal-organic frameworks, leveraging their engineered surfaces and synergistic metal interactions to finely tune product selectivity. Cu drives alcohol formation, while Sn enhances formate production by stabilizing critical reaction intermediates and effectively suppressing the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. Notably, our Cu-rich CuSn/C-A catalyst achieves an impressive Faradaic efficiency of 71.1% for methanol, while the Sn-rich CuSn/C-B sets a near-record with 89.16% FE for formic acid in 0.1 M KHCO<sub>3</sub> at -0.7 V vs. RHE. These significant results highlight the critical role of alloy composition in directing CO<sub>2</sub> reduction selectivity, offering a powerful framework for the strategic design of high-performance, adaptable electrocatalysts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2109 - 2123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plasma-Assisted Non-Oxidative Coupling of Methane in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor: Effect of Non-Catalytic Glass Materials","authors":"Rajesh Kumar Sethi, Mudadla Umamaheswara Rao, Subrahmanyam Challapalli","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02124-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02124-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) as a non-thermal plasma reactor was utilized for the non-oxidative coupling of methane into higher hydrocarbons under ambient conditions. The DBD reactor was subsequently performed as a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge using non-catalytic materials, including glass beads, glass wool, and glass capillary, which were introduced to investigate the non-catalytic reaction mechanism. Typical observation demonstrated that the dielectric glass materials packed with DBD might successfully activate the stable C–H bond to produce hydrogen and C<sub>2</sub>–C<sub>4</sub> higher hydrocarbons without the application of any oxidants and additional thermal energy. Among the packing materials investigated, the DBD reactor packed with a glass capillary obtained a maximum CH<sub>4</sub> conversion of 6.1%, with the energy efficiency reaching a maximum of 0.66 mmol kJ<sup>−1</sup> at a discharge power of 1.38 W with an SEI of 4.14 J mL<sup>−1</sup>. The enhanced CH<sub>4</sub> conversion was attributed to an alternation in the plasma discharge behavior with non-catalytic glass materials. Moreover, under these conditions, the low temperature of the discharge zone resulted in minimal solid carbon accumulation on the inner electrode surface of the plasma reactor.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 18-19","pages":"2176 - 2188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Kamali, Zixiao Liu, Sooyeon Hwang, Antara Bhowmick, Akash Warty, Mohammed Almafrachi, Nusrat Sarwahrdy, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, Dongxia Liu
{"title":"Metal Oxides Treated by Oxy-Hydrogen Flame: Effects of Reducibility on Oxygen Vacancies, Pt-Support Interactions, and Chemoselective Hydrogenation","authors":"Ali Kamali, Zixiao Liu, Sooyeon Hwang, Antara Bhowmick, Akash Warty, Mohammed Almafrachi, Nusrat Sarwahrdy, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly, Dongxia Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02127-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02127-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxygen vacancy defects can serve as an effective strategy for developing high-performance metal oxide-based catalysts. The formation of oxygen vacancies depends on the reducibility of the metal oxide materials. In this study, we selected three metal oxides (MO<sub>x</sub>s): iron oxide (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), chromium oxide (Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), and zirconium oxide (ZrO<sub>2</sub>), with varying degrees of reducibility to investigate oxygen vacancy formation and its consequent impact on platinum (Pt) dispersion and catalytic performance. An oxy-hydrogen flame treatment, characterized by high treatment temperatures and rapid heating and cooling rates, was employed to create oxygen vacancy defects in these metal oxides. The flame treatment promoted defect formation in the order of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > ZrO<sub>2</sub>. These defects significantly influenced Pt dispersion and metal-support interactions. The catalytic performance of Pt/MO<sub>x</sub> catalysts, both untreated and treated with the oxy-hydrogen flame, was evaluated in the chemoselective hydrogenation of 3-nitrostyrene. The selectivity toward 3-vinylaniline increased with the reducibility of the metal oxide support in the defective Pt/MO<sub>x</sub> catalysts. Higher reducibility facilitated oxygen vacancy formation, enhanced Pt dispersion through metal-support interactions, and ultimately improved chemoselective hydrogenation performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 16-17","pages":"1994 - 2008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11244-025-02127-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}