Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research最新文献

{"title":"Association of Myoinositol Transporters with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from Human and Animal Studies.","authors":"Marquis P Vawter, Abdul Rezzak Hamzeh, Edgar Muradyan, Olivier Civelli, Geoffrey W Abbott, Amal Alachkar","doi":"10.1159/000501125","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000501125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence from animal and human studies has linked <i>myo</i>-inositol (MI) with the pathophysiology and/or treatment of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, there is still controversy surrounding the definitive role of MI in these disorders. Given that brain MI is differentially regulated by three transporters - SMIT1, SMIT2 and/or HMIT (encoded by the genes: <i>SLC5A3, SLC5A11</i>, and <i>SLC2A13</i>, respectively) - we used available datasets to describe the distribution in mouse and human brain of the different MI transporters and to examine changes in mRNA expression of these transporters in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. We found a differential distribution of the mRNA of each of the three MI transporters in both human and mouse brain regions. Interestingly, while individual neurons express SMIT1 and HMIT, non-neuronal cells express SMIT2, thus partially accounting for different uptake levels of MI and concordance to downstream second messenger signaling pathways. We also found that the expression of MI transporters is significantly changed in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder in a diagnostic-, brain region- and subtype-specific manner. We then examined the effects of germline deletion in mice of <i>Slc5a3</i> on behavioral phenotypes related to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This gene deletion produces behavioral deficits that mirror some specific symptoms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Finally, chronic administration of MI was able to reverse particular, but not all, behavioral deficits in <i>Slc5a3</i> knockout mice; MI itself induced some behavioral deficits. Our data support a strong correlation between the expression of MI transporters and schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, and suggest that brain region-specific aberration of one or more of these transporters determines the partial behavioral phenotypes and/or symptomatic pattern of these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"10 4 1","pages":"200-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6873027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82704819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenesis in Hematological Malignancies","authors":"D. Ribatti","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-8035-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8035-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 1 1","pages":"11-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-94-017-8035-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51057332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural stem cells: one of the keys to everything.","authors":"Marc A Williams","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"591-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732614","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential role of HLA-G polymorphism in maternal tolerance to the developing fetus.","authors":"Suraksha Agrawal,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar Pandey","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mechanism by which the developing fetus survives the maternal immunity has eluded investigators and remains a central paradox in the field of stem cell research. If the mechanism can be defined, allogenic stem cells may find increased utility after transplantation. While several theories have been advanced, the differential expression of HLA antigens on trophoblasts has been the focus of many studies. Interestingly, an inverse relationship between HLA-G (nonclassical class I molecules) and class I MHC gene expression exists early in pregnancy. HLA-G transcripts are present in quite significant amounts in first-trimester placental tissue, particularly in the extravillous membranes, while the opposite occurs at term. This kind of expression is consistent with the theory that HLA-G might play a role in fetal protection. This could be consequent to either nonimmune (structural) or immune functions at the maternal-fetal interface. Current evidence suggest an immune function wherein HLA-G protects fetal cells from maternal uterine natural killer (NK) cells, which are found in large numbers within cells invading the trophoblasts. This effect has been attributed to maternal NK receptor alterations as well as inhibition of maternal NK cell traffic across the placenta. The recent identification of HLA-G polymorphism brings into play the potential role of these isoforms in fetal protection. Polymorphism may be associated with differential function or may effect linkage disequilibria with other HLA variants, providing fetal protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"749-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732768","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-dose immunosuppression and autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue for severe multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Athanasios Fassas,&nbsp;Aristide Kazis","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis is a relatively common and seriously disabling disease of autoimmune pathogenesis, for which there is currently no cure. Available therapies include immunomodulating agents and standard-dose immunosuppressants, which may be helpful but are not curative. Recently, studies in animal models have indicated that control of autoimmune disease can be obtained by high-dose immunosuppression followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (rescue). Autologous transplants for severe and refractory multiple sclerosis were proposed in 1997 and have been performed ever since in selected patients and in the context of phase I/II trials. To date, more than 200 patients have been treated worldwide, and similar results were obtained in different centers: high-dose therapy suppresses inflammation in the brain to a degree superior to any other conventional therapy and seems to delay significantly clinical disease progression. There is, however, a procedure-related mortality risk of 1.5-5%, requiring careful patient selection before transplant. The treatment should be reserved for patients having high chance of response, i.e., young patients with low disability scores but rapidly progressing disease, having inflammatory rather than neurodegenerative changes in the central nervous system. The mechanism of action of transplantation is unclear. The initial concept of immune ablation by high-dose therapy and reconstitution of normal immunity from transplant-derived lymphocyte progenitors has given way to the concept of \"resetting\" the immune system and of bringing the disease to a lower level of activity. One could also speculate on a tissue repair effect, given the ability of human hematopoietic stem cells to migrate also into the central nervous system. The clinical effect of transplantation remains to be demonstrated in a randomized study. The Autoimmune Disease Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation has launched such a trial, comparing transplantation to the currently best available therapy, i.e., mitoxantrone, and in about 5 years we should know whether transplantation offers more than the benefit of a transient immunosuppressive effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"701-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732722","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adventures in clinical and basic science.","authors":"Daniel B Drachman","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732623","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"595-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732623","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The future of cell-based transplantation therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.","authors":"Stanley E Lazic,&nbsp;Roger A Barker","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease with a lifetime incidence of 2.5% and a prevalence of at least 2% in individuals over 70 years old. Patients can be effectively treated with drugs that target the dopaminergic nigro-striatal pathway, but over time the efficacy of these medications is limited by the development of profound motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. This has prompted the search for alternative treatments, including the use of cell replacement therapies. Over the last decade, human fetal nigral transplants have demonstrated that dopaminergic neurons can survive and provide clinical benefit for patients with Parkinson's disease. However, there are clearly ethical concerns and a limit to the supply of this tissue as well as more recently anxieties over side effects. As a result, alternative sources of tissue have been investigated, and one such source are stem cells, which provide an attractive renewable tissue supply. In this review, we will discuss the current state-of-the-art and the characteristics of Parkinson's disease that increase its attraction as a target of stem cell therapy against results of current clinical trials using fetal neural grafts. Then we will discuss the various types and sources of stem cells, and some early transplantation results in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Finally we will discuss the prospect of using stem cells to deliver drugs and neurotrophic factors involved in neuroprotective and neuroreparative strategies in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"635-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial niches for human adult neural stem cells: possibility for autologous transplantation therapy.","authors":"Charles Y Liu,&nbsp;Ulf Westerlund,&nbsp;Mikael Svensson,&nbsp;Morten C Moe,&nbsp;Mercy Varghese,&nbsp;Jon Berg-Johnsen,&nbsp;Michael L J Apuzzo,&nbsp;David A Tirrell,&nbsp;Iver A Langmoen","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellular transplantation therapy is thought to play a central role in the concept of restorative neurosurgery, which aims to restore function to the damaged nervous system. Stem cells represent a potentially renewable source of transplantable cells. However, control of the behavior of these cells, both in the process of clonogenic expansion and post-transplantation, represents formidable challenges. Stem cell behavior is thought to be directed by extracellular signals in their in vivo niches, many of which are protein or peptide based. As only one example, activation of Notch plays an important role in normal development and is the strongest known signal for stem cells to choose glial over neuronal fates. Therefore, artificial extracellular matrix proteins represent a potentially powerful tool to custom design artificial niches to strategically control stem cell behavior. We have developed a family of aECM proteins that incorporate the active domains of the DSL ligands to the Notch receptor into an elastin-based backbone. The development of our DSL-elastin artificial proteins demonstrates the design strategy and methodology for the production of bioactive artificial extracellular matrix proteins aimed at modulating stem cell behavior, and this method can be used to design other bioactive aECM proteins. In addition, we have developed a method for the isolation and characterization of adult human neural stem cells from periventricular tissue harvested from living patients. This paper reviews cellular transplantation therapy from the clinical perspective and summarizes ongoing work aimed at exploring the intriguing possibility of autologous transplantation, whereby neural stem cells can be harvested from adult patients, expanded or modified in vitro in artificial niches, and retransplanted into the original patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"689-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732713","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiorgan engraftment and multilineage differentiation by human fetal bone marrow Flk1+/CD31-/CD34- Progenitors.","authors":"Baijun Fang,&nbsp;Mingxia Shi,&nbsp;Lianming Liao,&nbsp;Shaoguang Yang,&nbsp;Yuhao Liu,&nbsp;Robert Chunhua Zhao","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We previously reported that Flk1(+)/CD31(-)/CD34(-) cells isolated from human fetal bone marrow can differentiate at the single cell level into endothelial and hematopoietic cells in vitro. Here we report that within this cell population reside cells that can differentiate into the epithelium of liver, lung, gut, as well as the cells of both hematopoietic and endothelial system after primary or secondary transplantation into irradiated nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice. Hence, Flk1(+)/CD31(-)/CD34(-) cells possess remarkable differentiation potential and may thereby provide an alternative to hematopoietic stem cells for transplantation. In addition, our results show this stem cell population effectively accelerated wound healing in NOD/SCID mice and thus holds therapeutic promise for treatment of genetic disorders, organ dysfunction, and tissue repair in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"603-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult neural stem cells and repair of the adult central nervous system.","authors":"Eyleen Lay Keow Goh,&nbsp;Dengke Ma,&nbsp;Guo-Li Ming,&nbsp;Hongjun Song","doi":"10.1089/15258160360732696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/15258160360732696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neural stem cells are present not only in the developing nervous systems, but also in the adult central nervous system of mammals, including humans. The mature central nervous system has been traditionally regarded as an unfavorable environment for the regeneration of damaged axons of mature neurons and the generation of new neurons. In the adult central nervous system, however, newly generated neurons from adult neural stem cells in specific regions exhibit a striking ability to migrate, send out long axonal and dendritic projections, integrate into pre-existing neuronal circuits, and contribute to normal brain functions. Adult stem cells with potential neural capacity recently have been isolated from various neural and nonneural sources. Rapid advances in the stem cell biology have raised exciting possibilities of replacing damaged or lost neurons by activation of endogenous neural stem cells and/or transplantation of in vitro-expanded stem cells and/or their neuronal progeny. Before the full potential of adult stem cells can be realized for regenerative medicine, we need to identify the sources of stem cells, to understand mechanisms regulating their proliferation, fate specification, and, most importantly in the case of neuronal lineages, to characterize their functional properties. Equally important, we need to understand the neural development processes in the normal and diseased adult central nervous system environment, which is quite different from the embryonic central nervous system, where neural development has been traditionally investigated. Here we will review some recent progress of adult neural stem cell research that is applicable to developmental neurobiology and also has potential implications in clinical neuroscience.</p>","PeriodicalId":80030,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hematotherapy & stem cell research","volume":"12 6","pages":"671-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/15258160360732696","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24405029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}