Death educationPub Date : 1984-06-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252453
L E Homer
{"title":"Organizational defenses against the anxiety of terminal illness: a case study.","authors":"L E Homer","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Working with the dying is a task which generates enormous anxiety in the caregiver as well as the entire organization which has taken on this assignment. This case study deals with a chronic care hospital and the organizational defense mechanisms observed by a consultant hired to do staff training and development. Further, there is a discussion of the training model devised to provide a facilitative means of tapping those defenses and working through the anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 2-3","pages":"137-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21137866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-06-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252450
E F Glickman, H L Greene
{"title":"Assessment of resident performance in a hospital-based palliative care unit.","authors":"E F Glickman, H L Greene","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nurses and medical residents in the University of Massachusetts Medical Center were asked to evaluate the performance of the residents in the University Hospital's 10-bed hospice using nine criteria. Thirty-one residents (18 interns and 13 third year residents) and 16 nurses responded. Nurses evaluated resident performance with respect to most criteria lower than residents evaluated themselves. Some of the findings were significant. A finding on which all agreed was that house staff had the greatest difficulty knowing when to stop medical treatment on terminally ill patients. Comments from both residents and nurses showed that the rotation provided an important and unique learning experience despite attendant distress for residents. In addition, nurses, who had been unenthusiastic about resident presence previously, now valued these physicians' contributions to patient care and would not choose to return to the pre-house staff days.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 2-3","pages":"99-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21187241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252464
S Salladay, T San Agustin
{"title":"Special needs of the deaf dying patient.","authors":"S Salladay, T San Agustin","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospice and hospital personnel who give care to dying patients should be prepared for situations in which a client or family member is hearing impaired. What are the specific concerns of a hearing impaired client? How are needs for meaningful conversation and expression of feelings compromised by the care giver's awkwardness? This article provides practical suggestions for meeting needs of hearing impaired clients with serious illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 4","pages":"257-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21139998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252465
J Lynn
{"title":"Food and water can be withheld from dying patients: the very different situations of Claire Conroy and Karen Quinlan.","authors":"J Lynn","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 4","pages":"271-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252465","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21181838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethics and the law of dying.","authors":"W Probert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 1","pages":"70-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21136048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252449
H. Lauter, J. Meyer
{"title":"Active euthanasia without consent: historical comments on a current debate.","authors":"H. Lauter, J. Meyer","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252449","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The question concerning mercy killing of mental patients without consent has recently been under discussion, particularly with regard to the senile or chronically insane. The concepts of Social Darwinism, its suggestions for active eugenic control as propagated in the early part of this century, and some possible analogies to the actions under the Nazi regime are pointed out. The dangers of misuse of any such kind of active euthanasia in psychiatry are discussed.","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 2 1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252449","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59438927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252473
M E Zusman, P Tschetter
{"title":"Selecting whether to die at home or in a hospital setting.","authors":"M E Zusman, P Tschetter","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data from a 1978 health care study in rural North Carolina were analyzed to investigate whether people prefer to die at home rather than in a hospital setting and the reasons for their preference. Medical, financial, personal and family-related reasons were investigated as possible explanations for selecting a preferred site of death. Differences between respondents in demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related variables were analyzed to determine their possible effects on where an individual preferred to die. The results indicate that financial reasons were most likely to be given for preferring to die at home followed closely by individual reasons and then by family and health considerations. Statistically significant differences indicated that those who preferred to die at home were younger, white, more educated, were not satisfied with the quality of medical services, considered their health as excellent and were afraid of hospitals. The implications of these results were considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 5-6","pages":"365-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252473","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21139467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252474
L F Paradis
{"title":"Hospice program integration: an issue for policymakers.","authors":"L F Paradis","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the number of hospice programs in the United States expands, policymakers face a variety of issues concerning the care of the terminally ill. Do hospice programs offer a truly unique approach in caring for the dying? Are hospice services cost effective? Should hospice programs become integrated into the mainstream of medical care service delivery? Based on data from hospice programs in an industrialized Midwestern state, this paper explores the strategies employed by hospice programs to become integrated, the conflicts that have arisen among providers of hospice care, and the impact of hospice program integration on patient care. Results show that as hospice programs become more integrated, they have lost some of the idealism on which they were founded, have altered organizational structures, and have changed certain patient services. However, there is no evidence to suggest that integration of hospice programs into the medical mainstream has decreased the quality of patient care or patient satisfaction for hospice services.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 5-6","pages":"383-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252474","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21139468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188408252461
L M Thompson
{"title":"Cultural and institutional restrictions on dying styles in a technological society.","authors":"L M Thompson","doi":"10.1080/07481188408252461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188408252461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The starting medical advances of this century have created unparalleled opportunities for ill and suffering people, but these same forces have combined to make the experience of dying a terrifying, fearful, lonely vigil for many. Devoid of traditional myths, rituals, and family support, many patients now die in sterile institutional settings often appearing as mere appendages to life-supporting machines. This shift from the moral to the technical order manifests itself in doctors' fascination with gadgets, the emphasis upon parts of the body, and a concomitant blurring of distinctions concerning death, personhood, and individual rights. The patient is reduced to a secondary role in his or her own death, thus engendering a widespread desire for a sudden death. In light of these circumstances, health care personnel need to create circumstances that would give people more opportunities to die in styles commensurate with their life styles. Society must seriously study the implications of the unthinking treatment of people; and routines, policies, and procedures based on matters of mere efficiency and technological convenience must be replaced by those human and humane ceremonies, attitudes, and policies that must assure that technology's magnificent achievements do not obscure the human need for individuality and spiritual growth even during the dying process.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"8 4","pages":"223-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188408252461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21139997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Death educationPub Date : 1984-01-01DOI: 10.1080/07481188308251371
L C Mullins, S Merriam
{"title":"The effects of a short-term death training program on nursing home nursing staff.","authors":"L C Mullins, S Merriam","doi":"10.1080/07481188308251371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07481188308251371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the effects on nursing home nurses of a two-day training program concerned with nurses and their response to the dying patient. Utilizing the Solomon four-group design, the study investigates whether exposure to information on death and dying (a) results in the acquisition of greater knowledge about death and dying, (b) is accompanied by a more positive attitude toward the elderly, and (c) is accompanied by a change in anxiety about death. Based on t tests and one-way analyses of covariance, the results point up the mixed nature of short-term training programs. It was found that there was a significant increase in the nurses' knowledge about death and dying, there was no change in their attitudes toward the elderly, and there was a significant increase among the nurses in the death anxiety experienced. This is not to suggest that training programs of this sort should not be conducted with nursing home staff. On the one hand such programs provide information useful for job performance. On the other hand they create some sensitization to death, which at the very least could give nurses greater insights into the concerns of the patients and perhaps stimulate empathetic responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":79865,"journal":{"name":"Death education","volume":"7 4","pages":"353-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07481188308251371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21134628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}