SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging最新文献_第10页

Facilitating technology-enhanced external examination moderation during the Covid-19 pandemic 在新冠肺炎大流行期间促进技术增强的外部检查节制

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a4

N. Potgieter, Nadia Mohamed, R. Vergotine, C. Peck

{"title":"Facilitating technology-enhanced external examination moderation during the Covid-19 pandemic","authors":"N. Potgieter, Nadia Mohamed, R. Vergotine, C. Peck","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a4","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the Covid-19 pandemic and associated travel restrictions, the physical presence of international external examiners was a challenge when assessing the exit level outcomes of the MSc (Dent) in Paediatric Dentistry at the University of the Western Cape. External moderation of final examinations ensure an acceptable standard, coverage of content as specified by the programme outcomes and eliminates bias during assessment. Internationalization of the moderation andexamination process allows countries to compare and maintain international standards and graduate attributes expected for professional qualifications.Qualifications requiring assessment of skills often rely on ObjectiveStructured Clinical Examinations, Objective Structured Practical Examinations and simulated cases in combination with an oral examination, which requires the presence of all examiners to assess the student. This paper describes how the final examination in this MSc (Dent) degree was adapted and conducted in order to overcome the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic, to maintain the academic integrity and rigour of the programme. A narrative essay-style approach was adopted, which reflects on the challenges and opportunities created by Covid-19. The adapted assessment method proved to be an effective alternative to the more traditional assessment approaches employed pre-Covid.","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46639219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The search for a healthy sugar substitute in aid to lower the incidence of Early Childhood Caries: a comparison of sucrose, xylitol, erythritol and stevia 寻找一种有助于降低幼儿龋齿发病率的健康代糖:蔗糖、木糖醇、赤藓糖醇和甜菊糖的比较

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a2

Nadine Moelich, N. Potgieter, F. Botha, J. Wesley-Smith, Candice Van Wyk

{"title":"The search for a healthy sugar substitute in aid to lower the incidence of Early Childhood Caries: a comparison of sucrose, xylitol, erythritol and stevia","authors":"Nadine Moelich, N. Potgieter, F. Botha, J. Wesley-Smith, Candice Van Wyk","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a2","url":null,"abstract":"A pursuit to find a healthy alternative to sucrose with less cariogenic potential, which can potentially lower the incidence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC), by means of comparison. Primary tooth enamel blocks (n=32) were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to 5% concentrations of the respective test groups (sucrose, xylitol, erythritol and stevia). All samples were inoculated with S. mutans standard strain (ATCC 25175) at room temperature. Analysis of Colony Forming Units (CFUs), acidity measurements (pH) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations were done after 6, 12, 18 and 24 h and compared. After 6 h, the marginal mean CFU count indicated equal S. mutans growth in all groups. Stevia showed lower CFU counts compared to other groups at 12, 18 and 24 h. The pH levels for all non-fermentable sugar substitutes (NSS) initially decreased but never below the critical pH=5.5 and stabilized from 12 to 18 h. The pH levels of sucrose dropped and remained below pH=5.5 at all time intervals. The SEM analysis of S. mutans supported the CFU results indicating growth in the presence of sucrose and reduction in the presence of the NSS.Compared to sucrose, xylitol, erythritol and stevia have less cariogenic potential with reduced growth of S. mutans and subsequent acidity levels. Stevia had the least cariogenic potential of all the NSS tested, followed by erythritol and then xylitol.","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46750421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maxillofacial Radiology 203 颌面放射学203

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a10

C. Smit, Riaan Potgieter

引用次数: 0

Pharmaceutical cost implications for oral healthcare interventions at a dental clinic in Windhoek, Namibia 纳米比亚温得和克一家牙科诊所口腔保健干预措施所涉药品费用

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a3

Bonifasius S. Singu, Priscila Shaamena

{"title":"Pharmaceutical cost implications for oral healthcare interventions at a dental clinic in Windhoek, Namibia","authors":"Bonifasius S. Singu, Priscila Shaamena","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no8a3","url":null,"abstract":"Half of the world’s 7.9 billion population suffers from oral health conditions. Most are largely preventable and treatable but costs are often unaffordable especially in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) resolved in 2021 to include oral healthcare interventions in universal healthcare coverage (UHC) programmes. Although the general expenditure on oral healthcare services has been reported by some countries, amounts spent on particularly pharmaceuticals have not been reported. This study aimed to report on the prevalence of different types of oral health diseases in patients attending a dental clinic in Windhoek (Namibia) and quantify the pharmaceutical expenditure incurred. Records for all patients who visited the dental clinic at KIRH during a six-month period (1 January 2021 to 30 June 2021) were reviewed. Costs associated with the respective pharmaceutical management options for the most common oral conditions were calculated based on the approximated cost for a single treatment course per patient.Pharmaceutical expenditure on oral diseases was approximately 0.4% of the hospital’s annual budget. From this, 94.6% was due to treatment of dental caries which had a 90.1% prevalence. Prevalence of dental caries among 13-19 years age group (9.5%) was lower than for 1-12 years (18.6%) and 20-64 years (68.2%). Cases for dental caries were fewer for the 65+ years age group (3.8% of total cases) but had the highest prevalence (95.2%) of dental caries then other age groups. The proportion of the pharmaceutical budget spent on treating oral diseases was 0.4%, of which 94.6% was due to dental caries. Promotion of oral healthcare among children may be instrumental in reducing the pharmaceutical costs associated with treatment of dental carries.","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45119484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of emergency care practitioners in the management of common dental emergencies in the eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal. 夸祖鲁-纳塔尔eThekwini区急诊科医生在管理常见牙科紧急情况方面的知识、态度和做法。

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a2

L. Reddy, Ilana Moodley, T. Muslim

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices of emergency care practitioners in the management of common dental emergencies in the eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal.","authors":"L. Reddy, Ilana Moodley, T. Muslim","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a2","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential to provide timeous and appropriate treatment in cases of dental emergencies. First responders such as Emergency Care Practitioners (ECPs) usually provide this prehospital care. The successful management of casualties experiencing common dental emergencies is dependent on two fundamental factors; the first responder's knowledge and ability to render the appropriate level and standard of medical care, and secondly, the time that expires between the onset of the incident and the initiation of definitive emergency medical treatment. Delayed or inappropriate management can have long term physiological and psychological effects.This was an exploratory and descriptive study, using quantitative and qualitative methods to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Emergency Care Practitioners of the eThekwini District of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, in the management of dental emergencies.The results revealed that Emergency Care Practitioners had inadequate knowledge, training, and understanding of the management of common dental emeregncies by ECPs. There was limited initial training, with a significant portion of the participants (44.9%, p 0.233) having not received any training at all in the management of orofacial traumas, and with a significant majority (78.3%, < 0.001) having no further education and training. Most ECPs indicated a desire to receive such training. This study indicated that ECPs lacked confidence in managing dental emergencies, which highlighted a need for specific dental awareness and training programs to further empower ECPs in the management of such emergencies.","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45918214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical academic staffing levels at a South African dental school 南非一所牙科学校的临床学术人员水平

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a3

Dr SR Mthethwa

{"title":"Clinical academic staffing levels at a South African dental school","authors":"Dr SR Mthethwa","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a3","url":null,"abstract":"The inadequacy and skewed distribution of oral health personnel in South Africa are well-documented. Surprisingly, the staffing levels at dental schools have not previously been described. To determine the number of full-time equivalent clinical academic staff working at the dental school of the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University for the five-year period 2015 to 2019.A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Data related to the demographic characteristics and employment types of clinical academic staff working at the dental school between January 2015 and December 2019 were acquired from annual reports, payroll records and school calendars and used to calculate full-time equivalents (FTE) by academic ranks and specialties. Females and Black general dental practitioners at lecturer level constituted the majority of staff. FTE of staff at lecturer level increased sharply between 2016 and 2017 (52.7 FTE vs 65.9 FTE respectively) and have since graduall declined. FTEs of staff at senior lecturer (15.8FTE vs 12.1FTE) and professorial (7.8 FTE vs 5.3FTE) levels have continued to decline. FTEs of staff working in the majority of specialties have decreased while staffing levels in Prosthodontics and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery have increased. Staffing levels declined between 2015 and 2019","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49201069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maxillofacial Radiology 202 颌面放射学

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a10

C. Smit, L. Robinson

引用次数: 0

Traditional and Conservative Molar Endodontic Access Cavity Designs: A Classification and Overview 传统与保守的磨牙根管通道腔设计:分类与概述

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a4

M. Vorster, P. J. van der Vyver, G. Markou

引用次数: 0

Stressors in Dental Students During the Transition from Theory to Practice: A Qualitative Research 牙科学生从理论到实践转变过程中的压力源:一项定性研究

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a1

M. Hashemipour, Vida Hosseini, Homa Kamyabi

{"title":"Stressors in Dental Students During the Transition from Theory to Practice: A Qualitative Research","authors":"M. Hashemipour, Vida Hosseini, Homa Kamyabi","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a1","url":null,"abstract":"Dentistry is one of the most challenging, demanding, and stressful fields of study. Dental students are expected to acquire various skills, including academic, clinical, and interpersonal skills. This study aimed to investigate the stressors in students during the transition from theory to practice through qualitative research methods and ultimately improve curricula used for learning. This cross-sectional study was performed on fourth to sixth year students of Kerman Dental School through interviews. Interviews related to the experienced clinical stress and challenges and experiences in the clinical environment were conducted with 40 students (16 males and 24 females) who were randomly included in the study and the participants' statements were recorded with their consent. The interview continued until the stage of information saturation and at the end it was confirmed by the participants in the study. Qualitative data were analyzed based on content analysis and then the data were classified. In this study, 8 people were in the fourth year, 16 people were in the fifth year and 16 people were in the sixth year. According to the statements and experiences of students, stressors such as reprimand and lack of time were the most common causes of clinical stress. Other factors, such as professors' attitudes and infection control, also had a significant effect on stress. Patient related factors such as not having a patient, their late or late arrival, and being harassed at work were also cited as causes of stress. Many factors in the clinical environment play a role in the stress of dental students, which can be eliminated or reduced to greatly contribute to the quality of education. According to the results of this study and the recognition of stressors in the clinical environment, more attention of the authorities to this field and the need to review clinical education seems necessary","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45279255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Misleading advertising – What is our duty as dental professionals towards our patients and the public? 误导广告-作为牙科专业人员，我们对病人和公众的责任是什么?

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging Pub Date : 2022-11-02 DOI: 10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a9

L. Sykes, George P Babiolakis

{"title":"Misleading advertising – What is our duty as dental professionals towards our patients and the public?","authors":"L. Sykes, George P Babiolakis","doi":"10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2519-0105/2022/v77no7a9","url":null,"abstract":"There are currently several media adverts on radio and television in which “experts” confidently inform the public of their unique kinds of toothpaste which not only strengthen but can rebuild enamel and lost tooth substance.The concerns raised in this paper relate to pharmaceutical companies preying on uninformed, concerned, and often-compromised consumers to promote their products. To this end, some make fallacious claims, misrepresent or overinflate their products' therapeutic potential, which all overtly or covertly create false hopes and unrealistic expectations. The profession needs to collectively identify a body that will monitor the information presented to the public by dental manufacturers, advertising bodies, and social media websites. If we stand by and say nothing, we agree with the data and legitimize the product. Dental clinicians need to be more accountable, active, and visible on television, social media sites and in popular publications providing educational information and, if necessary, dispelling false perceptions. We have a duty to the public","PeriodicalId":79721,"journal":{"name":"SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44793873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0