Advances in health economics and health services research最新文献_第2页

Gender differences in risk attitudes. 风险态度的性别差异。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01

L Warshawsky-Livne, L Novack, A B Rosen, S M Downs, J Shkolnik-Inbar, J S Pliskin

{"title":"Gender differences in risk attitudes.","authors":"L Warshawsky-Livne, L Novack, A B Rosen, S M Downs, J Shkolnik-Inbar, J S Pliskin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: A rich literature has documented gender-based differences in health care utilization and outcomes. The role of risk attitude in explaining the variations is limited at best. This study examines gender differences in health utilities and risk attitudes.Methodology: Data on 13 health states were collected from 629 students via questionnaires at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in 2005. From each respondent, we assessed utilities for a subset of health states, using Time Trade-Off and Standard Gamble. A risk attitude coefficient was calculated for each respondent as a function of their utilities for all outcomes assessed. The risk coefficient derived from a closed-form utility model for men was compared to that of women using the t-statistic.Findings: There was a statistically significant difference in the risk attitudes of men and women. Men had a concave utility function, representing risk aversion, while women had a near linear utility function, suggesting that women are risk neutral. PRACTICAL/SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS: Differences in risk attitude may be an important contributor to gender-based disparities in health services utilization. More research is needed to assess its full impact on decision-making in health care.","PeriodicalId":79553,"journal":{"name":"Advances in health economics and health services research","volume":"24 ","pages":"123-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32687542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overview. Preference measurement in health. 概述。健康偏好测量。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Glenn C Blomquist, Kristian Bolin

引用次数: 0

Pesticides and health: a review of evidence on health effects, valuation of risks, and benefit-cost analysis. 农药与健康:关于健康影响的证据审查、风险评估和效益成本分析。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Damian Tago, Henrik Andersson, Nicolas Treich

引用次数: 0

Mutual altruism: evidence from Alzheimer patients and their spouse caregivers. 相互利他:来自老年痴呆症患者及其配偶照顾者的证据。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Markus König, Christian Pfarr, Peter Zweifel

{"title":"Mutual altruism: evidence from Alzheimer patients and their spouse caregivers.","authors":"Markus König, Christian Pfarr, Peter Zweifel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Preferences of both Alzheimer patients and their spouse caregivers are related to a willingness-to-pay (WTP) measure which is used to test for the presence of mutual (rather than conventional unilateral) altruism.Methodology: Contingent valuation experiments were conducted in 2000-2002, involving 126 Alzheimer patients and their caregiving spouses living in the Zurich metropolitan area (Switzerland). WTP values for three hypothetical treatments of the demented patient were elicited. The treatment Stabilization prevents the worsening of the disease, bringing dementia to a standstill. Cure restores patient health to its original level. In No burden, dementia takes its normal course while caregiver's burden is reduced to its level before the disease.Findings: The three different types of therapies are reflected in different WTP values of both caregivers and patients, suggesting that moderate levels of Alzheimer's disease still permit clear expression of preference. According to the WTP values found, patients do not rank Cure higher than No burden, implying that their preferences are entirely altruistic. Caregiving spouses rank Cure before Burden, reflecting less than perfect altruism which accounts for some 40 percent of their total WTP. Still, this constitutes evidence of mutual altruism. VALUE: The evidence suggests that WTP values reflect individuals' preferences even in Alzheimer patients. The estimates suggest that an economically successful treatment should provide relief to caregivers, with its curative benefits being of secondary importance.","PeriodicalId":79553,"journal":{"name":"Advances in health economics and health services research","volume":"24 ","pages":"141-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32687543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How should the health benefits of food safety programs be measured? 如何衡量食品安全项目对健康的益处?

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1108/S0731-219920140000024005

V. Smith, C. Mansfield, A. Strong

引用次数: 8

Adolescent girls' preferences for HPV vaccines: a discrete choice experiment. 青春期女孩对HPV疫苗的偏好:一个离散选择实验。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Derek S Brown, Christine Poulos, F Reed Johnson, Linda Chamiec-Case, Mark L Messonnier

{"title":"Adolescent girls' preferences for HPV vaccines: a discrete choice experiment.","authors":"Derek S Brown, Christine Poulos, F Reed Johnson, Linda Chamiec-Case, Mark L Messonnier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To measure adolescent girls' preferences over features of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in order to provide quantitative estimates of the perceived benefits of vaccination and potential vaccine uptake.Design/methodology/approach: A discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was developed to measure adolescent girls' preferences over features of HPV vaccines. The survey was fielded to a U.S. sample of 307 girls aged 13-17 years who had not yet received an HPV vaccine in June 2008.Findings: In a latent class logit model, two distinct groups were identified--one with strong preferences against vaccination which largely did not differentiate between vaccine features, and another that was receptive to vaccination and had well-defined preferences over vaccine features. Based on the mean estimates over the entire sample, we estimate that girls' valuation of bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines ranged between $400 and $460 in 2008, measured as willingness-to-pay (WTP). The additional value of genital warts protection was $145, although cervical cancer efficacy was the most preferred feature. We estimate maximum uptake of 54-65%, close to the 53% reported for one dose in 2011 surveillance data, but higher than the 35% for three doses in surveillance data.Research limitations/implications: We conclude that adolescent girls do form clear opinions and some place significant value on HPV vaccination, making research on their preferences vital to understanding the determinants of HPV vaccine demand.Originality/value: DCE studies may be used to design more effective vaccine-promotion programs and for reassessing public health recommendations and guidelines as new vaccines are made available.","PeriodicalId":79553,"journal":{"name":"Advances in health economics and health services research","volume":"24 ","pages":"93-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32687541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altruism, efficiency, and health in the family. 利他主义、效率和家庭健康。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Mark Dickie, Matthew J Salois

{"title":"Altruism, efficiency, and health in the family.","authors":"Mark Dickie, Matthew J Salois","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The chapter investigates: (1) Do married parents efficiently allocate time to children's health care? (2) Are parents willing to sacrifice consumption for health improvements at an equal rate for all family members? (3) How does family structure affect health trade-offs parents make? (4) Are parental choices consistent with maximization of a single utility function?Methodology: A model is specified focusing on how parents allocate resources between consumption and goods that relieve acute illnesses for family members. Equivalent surplus functions measuring parental willingness to pay to relieve acute illnesses are estimated using data from a stated-preference survey.Findings: Results provide limited support for the prediction that married parents allocate time to child health care according to comparative advantage. Valuations of avoided illness vary between family members and are inconsistent with the hypothesis that fathers' and mothers' choices reflect a common utility function.Research implications: Prior research on children's health valuation has relied on a unitary framework that is rejected here. Valuation researchers have focused on allocation of resources between parents and children while ignoring allocation of resources among children, whereas results suggest significant heterogeneity in valuation of health of different types of children and of children in different types of households.Social implications: Results may provide a justification on efficiency grounds for policies to provide special protection for children's health and suggest that benefit-cost analyses of policies affecting health should include separate estimates of the benefits of health improvements for children and adults.","PeriodicalId":79553,"journal":{"name":"Advances in health economics and health services research","volume":"24 ","pages":"1-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32687539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altruism, efficiency, and health in the family. 利他主义、效率和家庭健康。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1108/S0731-219920140000024000

M. Dickie, Matthew J. Salois

{"title":"Altruism, efficiency, and health in the family.","authors":"M. Dickie, Matthew J. Salois","doi":"10.1108/S0731-219920140000024000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S0731-219920140000024000","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE The chapter investigates: (1) Do married parents efficiently allocate time to children's health care? (2) Are parents willing to sacrifice consumption for health improvements at an equal rate for all family members? (3) How does family structure affect health trade-offs parents make? (4) Are parental choices consistent with maximization of a single utility function? METHODOLOGY A model is specified focusing on how parents allocate resources between consumption and goods that relieve acute illnesses for family members. Equivalent surplus functions measuring parental willingness to pay to relieve acute illnesses are estimated using data from a stated-preference survey. FINDINGS Results provide limited support for the prediction that married parents allocate time to child health care according to comparative advantage. Valuations of avoided illness vary between family members and are inconsistent with the hypothesis that fathers' and mothers' choices reflect a common utility function. RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS Prior research on children's health valuation has relied on a unitary framework that is rejected here. Valuation researchers have focused on allocation of resources between parents and children while ignoring allocation of resources among children, whereas results suggest significant heterogeneity in valuation of health of different types of children and of children in different types of households. SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS Results may provide a justification on efficiency grounds for policies to provide special protection for children's health and suggest that benefit-cost analyses of policies affecting health should include separate estimates of the benefits of health improvements for children and adults.","PeriodicalId":79553,"journal":{"name":"Advances in health economics and health services research","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/S0731-219920140000024000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62306481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The economics of medical technology. 医疗技术的经济学。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2012-09-05 DOI: 10.1108/S0731-2199(2012)23

K. Bolin, R. Kaestner

引用次数: 0

Effects of regulation on drug launch and pricing in interdependent markets. 监管对相互依赖市场中药物上市和定价的影响。

Advances in health economics and health services research Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.1108/s0731-2199(2012)0000023005

Patricia M Danzon, Andrew J Epstein

{"title":"Effects of regulation on drug launch and pricing in interdependent markets.","authors":"Patricia M Danzon, Andrew J Epstein","doi":"10.1108/s0731-2199(2012)0000023005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/s0731-2199(2012)0000023005","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study examines the effect of price regulation and competition on launch timing and pricing of new drugs.Methods: Our data cover launch experience in 15 countries from 1992 to 2003 for drugs in 12 major therapeutic classes. We estimate a two-equation model of launch hazard and launch price of new drugs.Findings: We find that launch timing and prices of new drugs are related to a country's average prices of established products in a class. Thus to the extent that price regulation reduces price levels, such regulation directly contributes to launch delay in the regulating country. Regulation by external referencing, whereby high-price countries reference low-price countries, also has indirect or spillover effects, contributing to launch delay and higher launch prices in low-price referenced countries.Implications: Referencing policies adopted in high-price countries indirectly impose welfare loss on low-price countries. These findings have implications for US proposals to constrain pharmaceutical prices through external referencing and drug importation.","PeriodicalId":79553,"journal":{"name":"Advances in health economics and health services research","volume":"23 ","pages":"35-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1108/s0731-2199(2012)0000023005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31050372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0