Forum (Genoa, Italy)最新文献_第4页

New therapeutic agents in the treatment of recurrent high-grade gliomas. 治疗复发性高级别胶质瘤的新药物。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-04-01

A A Brandes, L M Pasetto

引用次数: 0

Developing new methods for the treatment of malignant brain tumours: local delivery of anti-neoplastic agents using biodegradable polymers. 开发治疗恶性脑肿瘤的新方法:使用可生物降解聚合物局部递送抗肿瘤药物。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-04-01

A Olivi, F DiMeco, E Bohan, H Brem

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Chemotherapy for low-grade gliomas. 低级别胶质瘤的化疗。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-04-01

W P Mason

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Medical treatment of brain metastases from solid tumours. 实体瘤脑转移的医学治疗。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-04-01

F Cappuzzo, F Mazzoni, A Maestri, A Di Stefano, C Calandri, L Crino

{"title":"Medical treatment of brain metastases from solid tumours.","authors":"F Cappuzzo, F Mazzoni, A Maestri, A Di Stefano, C Calandri, L Crino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Brain metastases (BrM) are estimated to occur in 20% to 40% of cancer patients, and two-thirds of them become symptomatic during their lifetime. Although every solid tumour may spread to the brain, the risk of developing BrM is higher in lung cancer, breast cancer and melanoma patients. Several findings suggest that the incidence of BrM is rising as a result of advances in imaging procedures and improvements in therapy, which leaves more cancer patients at risk as survival increases. The prognosis of patients with BrM is dependent on the type of the primary tumour. Breast cancer patients have better prognosis than those with BrM from lung, melanoma or colorectal cancer. Patients with BrM from renal cell carcinoma tend to have a poor prognosis. The optimal treatment of patients with BrM continues to evolve. Several factors interfere with the therapeutic strategy, such as histology of primary tumour, patient compliance, localisation, size and number of BrM, and outcome of extracranial disease. Generally, surgery or stereotactic radiotherapy followed by whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) are indicated in patients with controlled extracranial disease and good performance status presenting an isolated BrM. Adding chemotherapy in this subset of patients is controversial. Supportive care associated with WBRT remains the standard treatment for all patients with multiple symptomatic BrM or with isolated symptomatic BrM in the presence of uncontrolled extracranial disease. For potentially chemosensitive patients with asymptomatic multiple or isolated BrM with disseminated disease, chemotherapy represents the optimal starting therapy.","PeriodicalId":79489,"journal":{"name":"Forum (Genoa, Italy)","volume":"10 2","pages":"137-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21719051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Apology and retraction. 道歉和撤回。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-04-01

引用次数: 0

Role of surgery in gliomas of cerebral hemispheres in adults. 手术在成人大脑半球胶质瘤中的作用。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-04-01

S Turazzi, C Licata

引用次数: 0

Interferon and ribavirin combination therapy: indications and schedules. 干扰素和利巴韦林联合治疗:适应症和时间表。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-01-01

O Weiland

{"title":"Interferon and ribavirin combination therapy: indications and schedules.","authors":"O Weiland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment outcome for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection has greatly improved during the last years with the development of interferon (IFN) and ribavirin combination therapy. The final decision to treat or not, however, is complex and should be based on several factors such as the age of the patient, the general health, the risk of developing cirrhosis and the probability of a cure with treatment. Combination therapy with standard doses (IFN-a 3 x 106 IU three times per week plus ribavirin 1000-1200 mg daily in two divided doses) for six (up to 12) months significantly improves the sustained biochemical and virological response rates 2-3 times as compared to IFN alone given during 12 months. Combination therapy has thus become standard therapy for na ve patients and relapse patients after a prior IFN treatment course. For patients with favourable baseline viral characteristics (genotype 2 and 3 irrespective of viral load) six months combination therapy is sufficient whereas patients with unfavourable viral baseline characteristics (genotype 1 with high baseline viral load) will need 48 weeks combination treatment. In addition, for patients with compensated cirrhosis, combination therapy is superior and better tolerated than IFN monotherapy. For the future better optimised treatment schedules and dosing regimens for IFN in combination with ribavirin need to be worked out and individualised according to genotype to further improve treatment results. Utilisation of new IFN formulas such as pegylated IFN and consensus IFN in combination regimens will probably improve treatment further.","PeriodicalId":79489,"journal":{"name":"Forum (Genoa, Italy)","volume":"10 1","pages":"22-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21569152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural history of hepatitis C and the impact of anti-viral therapy. 丙型肝炎的自然病史和抗病毒治疗的影响。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-01-01

N Boyer, P Marcellin

{"title":"Natural history of hepatitis C and the impact of anti-viral therapy.","authors":"N Boyer, P Marcellin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects some 170 million people worldwide and is responsible for approximately 20% of cases of acute hepatitis and 70% of cases of chronic hepatitis. Acute hepatitis is icteric in only 20% of patients and is rarely severe. Eighty five per cent of the infected patients develop chronic infection which is generally asymptomatic. Among the HCV chronic carriers, 25% have persistently normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels despite having detectable HCV-ribonucleic acid in serum, 75% have elevated ALT levels. While the majority of patients with mild chronic hepatitis have a slowly progressive liver disease, the patients with moderate or severe chronic hepatitis may develop cirrhosis within a few years. In patients with HCV-related cirrhosis, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma is 2-5% per year. HCV-related end-stage cirrhosis is currently the first cause of liver transplantation. Treatment with the combination of interferon-alpha and ribavirin induces a sustained virological response in roughly 40% of the patients. The virological response is associated with a biochemical response and histological improvement. It is believed that the decrease of necroinflammatory liver lesions induced by anti-viral therapy in responders, is associated with a decreased risk of development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma","PeriodicalId":79489,"journal":{"name":"Forum (Genoa, Italy)","volume":"10 1","pages":"4-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21569219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What to do when standard therapy fails. 标准治疗无效时该怎么办?

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-01-01

M Buti, R Esteban

{"title":"What to do when standard therapy fails.","authors":"M Buti, R Esteban","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"An important group of patients with chronic hepatitis C do not respond to interferon (IFN) therapy. Compared with untreated patients with chronic hepatitis C, non-responders have a higher percentage of cirrhosis, are more frequently infected by genotype 1 and usually have a viral load above 2 x 106 copies/ml. Also, patients with cirrhosis have lower life expectancy and higher risk of clinical complications, and therefore, are most in need of effective treatment strategies. There is no evidence that the re-treatment of non-responders with a standard regimen of IFN or more prolonged IFN therapy achieves a sustained biochemical or virological response. Between 20% and 40% of non-responder patients treated with IFN therapy for more than two years had an hepatic improvement in liver histology associated with a decrease in hepatitis C virus-ribonucleic acid levels. In contrast, combination therapy with IFN and ribavirin for six months now results in sustained response rates between 6% and 29% depending on the viral genotype and the presence or absence of cirrhosis. Patients infected with genotype 2 and 3 have a higher probability of achieving a sustained virological response than those infected by genotype 1. Currently, different studies are underway to determine whether high-dose IFN and/or induction therapy combined with ribavirin for more prolonged periods of time could increase the sustained response rate in non-responders. No other drugs appear to be efficacious in these patients, except the combination of IFN, ribavirin and amantadine which has shown interesting results in a preliminary trial but they need to be confirmed in further studies. These findings suggest that combination therapy is beneficial and can be recommended for some non-responder patients until other new therapies are available.","PeriodicalId":79489,"journal":{"name":"Forum (Genoa, Italy)","volume":"10 1","pages":"63-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21569151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The molecular basis for responsiveness to anti-viral therapy in hepatitis C. 丙型肝炎对抗病毒治疗反应性的分子基础。

Forum (Genoa, Italy) Pub Date : 2000-01-01

S J Polyak, M Gerotto

引用次数: 0