Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence最新文献

{"title":"[Comparison between alcoholic patients and primary care patients for the use of the ambulance].","authors":"Aro Ino,&nbsp;Hisashi Yoshimoto,&nbsp;Naomi Mizutani,&nbsp;Naohisa Kato,&nbsp;Hideo Hirohuji,&nbsp;Yousuke C Takemura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Though heavy drinkers and patients with alcohol dependence make use of the ambulance more frequently as compared with the general population, there are few data on the alcohol-related use of the emergency department (ED) in Japan.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross sectional study was conducted. 170 patients with alcohol dependence in one clinic and 306 primary care patients across two clinics provided demographic data and answered some questions about the use of emergency ambulance services over the age of 20. The questions asked included whether use of the ambulance caused injuries, as well as AUDIT-C (primary care patients only). In this study, multiple logistic regression analysis was used.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The use of emergency ambulance services by patients with alcohol dependence was 4.68 times more than primary care patients, and the occurrence of ambulance-caused injuries was 6.03 times higher, as determined by multiple logistic regression. Among primary care patients, AUDIT-C positive patients (male; 5 points or more, female; 3 points or more) were 37 (12.2%), and the occurrence of ambulance-caused injuries was 3.32 times higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Like with other countries, in Japan, heavy drinkers and patients with alcohol dependence lead to a significant increase in the use of emergency ambulance services as well as ambulance-caused injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 5","pages":"314-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32032067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of problematic drinking among outpatients attending general hospitals in Tokyo.","authors":"Masato Akazawa,&nbsp;Toshihiko Matsumoto,&nbsp;Naoki Kumagai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Although some studies about the prevalence of alcohol-related problems in general hospitals have been conducted in Japan, it may seem that some of Japanese physicians and surgeons appear to have less interest in alcohol-related problems. We investigated the prevalence of problematic drinking among outpatients visiting general hospitals in Tokyo, and examined factors associated with problematic drinking in such outpatients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study used a self-report questionnaire. Subjects (N = 1826, 814 were male) were recruited from all adult outpatients in January 2011 from seven general hospitals in the Tokyo metropolitan area. We used the third question of the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) to screen for \"heavy drinking\", and the CAGE to screen for \"suspected alcohol dependence\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalences of \"heavy drinking\" and \"suspected alcohol dependence\" were 7.1% and 14.1%, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that being middle-aged and male were significantly associated with both \"suspected alcohol dependence\" and \"heavy drinking\". Consultations with the departments of internal medicine, surgery, or obstetrics and gynecology were significantly associated with subjects having \"suspected alcohol dependence\".</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Screening problematic drinking in general hospitals is required for early detection and treatment of alcohol-related problems for outpatients, especially for men, visiting internal medicine or surgery departments and for women visiting obstetrics and gynecology department.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 5","pages":"300-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32032066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Awareness of pre-alcoholics and changes process in their awareness--analysis of narratives by patients and their families].","authors":"Kiyomi Arai,&nbsp;Nobuaki Morita,&nbsp;Hirokazu Nirasawa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare the process of changes in the recognition of pre-alcoholism between alcoholic patients and their family members, and examine the timing and methods of intervention for patients and their families. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 patient-family pairs, consisting of inpatients on the alcoholism ward and their family members in the same household. Our analysis of interview data showed that the process of changes in the patients' drinking behavior, i.e., from healthy drinking to alcohol dependence, had the following 4 stages: \"look to benefits of alcohol consumption\", \"escape reality that they found hard to bear\", \"manifest health-related impairment\", and \"have increasing difficulties in restraining themselves from drinking\". Drinking problems became more serious when the patients went through several stages at one time, or when they moved back and forth between the stages. There was a time gap between patients and their families in recognizing drinking problems, which leads to the worsening of the problems. Behind this lied communication and emotional problems between patients and their family members. The findings suggest the need to take account of the pre-alcoholic stages, and adequately respond to and care for both patients and families from an early stage onward.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 3","pages":"198-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31692084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dose effect of alcohol on sex differences in blood alcohol metabolism--cases where healthy subjects with ALDH2*1/1 genotype drunk beer with meal].","authors":"Shunji Oshima,&nbsp;Takeshi Haseba,&nbsp;Chiaki Masuda,&nbsp;Ema Kakimi,&nbsp;Yasushi Kitagawa,&nbsp;Youkichi Ohno","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is said that blood alcohol concentrations (BAG) are higher in female than in male due to the smaller distribution volume of alcohol in female, whereas the rate of alcohol metabolism is faster in female than in males due to a higher activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in female. However, it is also known that alcohol metabolism varies depending on drinking conditions. In this study, we evaluated the dose effect of alcohol on sex differences in alcohol metabolism in daily drinking conditions, where young adults (16 males, 15 females) with ALDH2*1/1 genotype drunk beer at a dose of 0.32g or 1.0g ethanol/kg body weight with a test meal (460kcal). This study was conducted using a randomized cross-over design. In the considerable drinking condition (1.0g/kg), BAG was significantly higher in females than in males, whereas the rate of alcohol metabolism (beta) was higher in female than in male. In the moderate drinking condition (0.32g/kg), however, no sex differences in alcohol metabolism including BAG were seen. These results suggest that an increased first pass metabolism through liver ADH in female, which may be caused by the reduction of gastric emptying rate due to the meal intake, contribute to the vanishing of sex difference in BAC in the moderate drinking condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 3","pages":"187-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31692083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The effects of chronic alcohol exposure on progression of liver injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats; preliminary study].","authors":"Ayako Hakucho,&nbsp;Jinyao Liu,&nbsp;Naoya Horiguchi,&nbsp;Xu Liu,&nbsp;Tatsuya Fujimiya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association between alcohol intake and blood pressure is well known, and our previous studies indicate that the stimulus of sympathetic nervous system induce the progression of liver injury. In this study, we examined the effects of chronic ethanol treatment on the progression of liver injury using the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). The advantage of using the present strain is to possess sympathetic facilitation without any treatment. Normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rat (WKY) was used as control. 7-week-old male rats were pair-fed with either ethanol- or control-liquid-diet for 49 days and divided into four groups: control liquid-diet-fed WKY and SHR, continuous ethanol liquid diet-fed WKY and SHR. Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and histological analyses based on Hematoxylin-Eosin (H-E), Oil red O and Sirius red stains of the liver sections were used to assess alcohol-induced liver injury. Chronic ethanol treatment induced the increases in plasma ALT, the accumulation of fatty droplets within hepatocytes and pericellular hepatic fibrosis, particularly in SHR. Between the control group rats of SHR and WKY, SHR showed the increases in accumulation of fatty droplets and pericellular hepatic fibrosis. No significant inflammatory cell infiltration was shown in all groups. These results suggested that chronic ethanol treatment in SHR could induce the more severe liver injuries when compared with WKY. In conclusion, chronic alcohol intake in rats with hypertension could deteriorate the ethanol-induced liver injury via the sympathetic overactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 3","pages":"216-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31692085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Research on the actual conditions of alcohol dependence, the harmful use of alcohol and the optimal treatment in gastroenterological inpatients].","authors":"Yukiko Ohwaki,&nbsp;Nobuaki Morita,&nbsp;Yasukazu Ogai,&nbsp;Kyouka Ryou,&nbsp;Noriko Matsuyama,&nbsp;Noriko Fujita,&nbsp;Hiroko Kawabatake","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The goal of the study was to examine the status, Stages of Change and motivation, alcohol dependence, and harmful use of alcohol in gastroenterological inpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We interviewed 141 gastroenterological inpatients and analyzed their medical charts. The interviews used the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), CAGE questionnaire and questions pertaining to drinking behavior, diagnosis, self-awareness of drinking/alcohol dependency, physician instructions regarding abstinence, and Stages of Change. The proportion of patients who screened positive was calculated based on the AUDIT, CAGE and International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 alcohol dependence/harmful use criteria. Alcohol dependence was defined as a score >or= 15 on the AUDIT, and harmful use as 8-14 on the AUDIT or meeting ICD-10 criteria for harmful use. Patients with alcohol dependence or harmful use comprised the hazardous drinking group. Common disorders in this group and in patients in a non-drinking group were compared by Fisher exact test. Stages of Change were also determined in the hazardous drinking group and factors regarding motivation and Stages of Change were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 141 patients, 18 (12.8%) scored >or= 15 on the AUDIT, 19 (13.5%) scored L 2 on the CAGE, and 48 (34%) scored >or= 8 on the AUDIT. Among those who met the ICD-10 criteria, 16.3% had alcohol dependence and 17.7% exhibited harmful use of alcohol. Significantly, common disorders in the hazardous drinking group included liver disease, colonic diverticulitis, gout/hyperuricemia, and pancreatitis. Of the alcohol-dependent patients, 52% were in the Preparation stage. After the Contemplation stage, instructions to abstain from alcohol were the most significant motivational factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Many gastroenterological inpatients exhibited alcohol dependence and about half of these patients were able to prepare for behavioral changes related to drinking. Therefore, the gastroenterological ward may help in secondary prevention of alcohol dependence and harmful use.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 2","pages":"126-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31539833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Topiramate treatment for decreasing alcohol consumption in alcoholics: a comparative study of responders and nonresponders].","authors":"Komoto Yasunobu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study investigated the effectiveness of topiramate (TPM) treatment for decreasing alcohol consumption in alcoholics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Alcoholics of outpatients, relapsed repeatedly, were included in this study. The study was conducted over 24 weeks. Subject characteristics (e.g., gender) and medical variables (e.g., age of onset) were recorded. Autistic features were determined using the Autism - Spectrum Quotient (>or=27 points). The average daily alcohol consumption was assessed at the start of the study and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after its start. The five-step alcohol consumption scale of the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) was used. The extent of the change between the first assessment and subsequent assessment was considered the primary evaluation point. Responders were defined as subjects showing an improvement of at least two steps in the score. Patients not treated with TPM were retrospectively selected according to the same criteria on the basis of their medical records and were used as controls. The TPM group was further subdivided into responders and nonresponders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 31 subjects who consented to TPM therapy, 11 stopped or discontinued TPM, and they were considered nonresponders. The average TPM maintenance dosage (standard deviation) was 62.9 (38.1) mg. Alcohol consumption scores significantly decreased at each assessment point in the study. The percentage of responders in the TPM group (n = 31) was significantly higher than that in the control group (n = 41) at the 24-week assessment point (45.2% vs. 19.5%, p=0.0193). A significant difference was observed between responders (n = 14) and nonresponders (n = 17) only in well-educated and autistic subjects (50% vs. 5.9%, p = 0.0109).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TPM decreased the amount of alcohol consumption in alcoholics. In addition, a correlation between autistic features and TPM treatment response was suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 2","pages":"153-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31539836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Antibiotic drug minocycline: a potential therapeutic drug for methamphetamine-related disorders].","authors":"Kenji Hashimoto,&nbsp;Tamaki Ishima,&nbsp;Yuko Fujita,&nbsp;Lin Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence suggests a role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of a number of neuropsychiatric diseases. The second generation antibiotic drug minocycline has potent neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. We reported that minocycline could attenuate behavioral abnormalities and dopaminergic neurotoxicity in mice after administration of methamphetamine or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Furthermore, we reported that minocycline was effective in the animal models of schizophrenia. Moreover, a double-blind, placebo-control, cross-over study showed that minocycline was effective in the rewarding effects in healthy human subjects. In this article, we would like to discuss minocycline as a potential therapeutic drug for methamphetamine-related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 2","pages":"118-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31539831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Significance of SBIRT and countermeasures for its dissemination].","authors":"Aro Ino,&nbsp;Tetsuji Cho","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reviews the literatures on screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment(SBIRT). SBIRT is an intervention model that identifies at-risk alcohol users and then provides them a patient-centered intervention. This literatures include publications on advice, intervention, minimal intervention, brief intervention, screening and intervention, and SBIRT. SBIRT evaluation is important for the following reasons. SBIRT is one of the most clinically effective and cost-effective preventive services. SBIRT prevents the progress to alcohol dependence, avoids stigma, treats all spectrums of drinking behavior, is evaluated high by patients and their families, strengthens a positive therapeutic atmosphere in medical settings, and has different importance in different medical settings. Next, we present concrete evidence for the effectiveness of SBIRT. Many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of SBIRT in primary care, emergency departments, and trauma centers. In addition, we summarize barriers to the dissemination of SBIRT. Of particular importance is the lack of necessary knowledge, skill, financial incentive, time, and structured systems for SBIRT. Therefore, medical treatment fees, recommendation of the medical society, concrete countermeasure, and education of medical staff are important factors related to the dissemination of SBIRT. Finally, we present the costs factors associated with implementing SBIRT for the introduction of medical treatment fees.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 2","pages":"105-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31540485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Investigation into drinking problem of patients who visited a general hospital in central and northern Okinawa].","authors":"Minori Nakai,&nbsp;Hiroshi Hotta,&nbsp;Taku Ootsuru,&nbsp;Shigeto Hiejima,&nbsp;Masaru Murakami,&nbsp;Takefumi Yuzuriha,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Kondo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Japan, many problems related to alcohol are pointed out from before. We believe that there is a unique drinking culture in Okinawa, such as a large amount of alcohol. Therefore, we estimate many people in Okinawa have a drinking problem. We conducted a survey of patients who visited general hospital (medical or surgical or orthopedic) in 2007. The purpose of this study is to collect basic data for introducing alcoholics to specialized treatment as early as possible, detecting the person who drink large amounts of alcohol, performing early intervention for people who drink large amount of alcohol, and advancing cooperation with specialized medical agencies of alcohol. As a result, Among the patients who visited general hospital in Okinawa, many problem drinkers are concentrated in the young age. and they have strong fears of health. The possibility of early intervention with intervention techniques, such as brief intervention, has been suggested.</p>","PeriodicalId":79450,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai zasshi = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"48 2","pages":"145-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31539835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}