Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine最新文献

{"title":"Tracers in metabolic research: radioisotope and stable isotope/mass spectrometry methods.","authors":"R R Wolfe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"9 ","pages":"1-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17487215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory considerations: determination of cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, and other lipids in blood and tissues.","authors":"H K Naito, J A David","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"10 ","pages":"1-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17448999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The absorption of lipid and lipoprotein synthesis.","authors":"P Tso, W J Simmonds","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"10 ","pages":"191-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17449002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholesterol synthesis and degradation.","authors":"J A Story","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"10 ","pages":"217-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17449003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative and positional analysis of fatty acids.","authors":"A Kuksis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a result of steady advances made in the analytical methodology of fatty acids and glycerolipids, it is now possible to identify, quantitate, and in many instances to isolate individual molecular species of fatty acids and their glyceryl esters. Essentially complete resolution of most natural fatty acids is now possible by GLC on polar capillary columns, which are commercially available for routine application. Combinations of GLC with mass spectrometry provide identification of many unknown acids but are not necessary for work with most known acids. Likewise, GLC on polar capillary columns can provide essentially complete resolution of the diacyl-, alkylacyl-, and alkenylacyl-glycerols. Although separations of the lower molecular weight triacylglycerols are also possible, the resolution of long chain triacylglycerols would appear to be best accomplished by HPLC. Thus, HPLC on microparticulate reversed-phase columns has yielded complete resolution of the critical pairs, triplets, and quadruplets of natural long chain triacylglycerols. Provided sufficiently large fractions can be collected, a stereospecific analysis of the individual triacylglycerols or their simple mixtures should yield both positional placement and molecular association of the component fatty acids from which exact structures of the component triacylglycerols could be reconstructed. A complete separation of intact natural glycerophospholipids has also been recently demonstrated by means of HPLC, and it is possible that this technique will completely revolutionize the identification and separation of the molecular species of glycerophospholipids, although quantitation remains a problem for the time being. Also the separations have not yet been extended to the alkylacyl- and alkenylacyl-glycerophospholipids. Since the various fractions arising from HPLC may be collected, it should be possible to obtain meaningful positional analyses of fatty acids by means of specific enzymic hydrolyses. The high purity of the fractions should allow a reliable estimation of the proportions of the reverse isomers and of fully saturated triacylglycerols, which are not resolved by the chromatographic techniques. The small fractions available from HPLC will place increased importance on the microtechniques of enzymic hydrolyses and fatty acid and acylglycerol analyses. The essentially complete analyses of the molecular species of the glycerolipids made up of the common fatty acids will greatly simplify the structural analyses of membrane and lipoprotein lipids, especially if combined with automated operation and computerized data processing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"10 ","pages":"77-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17449006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid research methodology.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"10 ","pages":"1-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractionation of plasma lipoproteins: evaluation of preparative methods.","authors":"L F Ferreri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"10 ","pages":"133-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17449000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatotoxic evaluation methodology.","authors":"H J Zimmerman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"7 ","pages":"159-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17413506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological techniques in the diagnosis of viral infections.","authors":"S J Rubin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"8 ","pages":"173-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17419672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Basics in standardization and practical applications of immunofluorescent microscopy: standardization of antinuclear antibody tests.","authors":"E H Beutner,&nbsp;V Kumar,&nbsp;P Greenlee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ANA tests are, at present, the primary example of the diagnostic use of an indirect IF method. Appropriately standardized and interpreted ANA tests afford the primary sero-diagnostic screening test for certain connective tissue diseases. In the present state of the art of ANA testing, it appears possible to achieve appropriate standardization in up to 70% of laboratories, however, further work remains to be done to achieve a 90% or higher frequency of reliable testing among clinical laboratories for a given antigenic substrate. The present indications for the preparation and use of this and other IF methods assay systems for clinical laboratory studies are as follows: a. For each antigen substrate used for ANA tests, the manufacturers of kits or the laboratories which prepare their own ANA test reagents, should take responsibility for assuring that the sensitivity of their test systems as measured by ANA titers falls in the range expected for that particular antigenic substrate. b. If adequate assurance of the appropriate sensitivity level of a given ANA test system is provided both by their manufacturers and users, then physicians should be supplied with data on the frequencies of biologic false positives for different age groups of males and females as well as frequencies of biologic false negatives for at least the major diseases for which ANA are of diagnostic significance. Part II of this report (Chorzelski et al., in press) presents data on this point. c. Since ANA tests detect a heterogeneous population of antibody specificities, several of which are now recognized as having distinct clinical significance (Tan, 1981), appropriately standardized tests for each of these diagnostically relevant antibodies to identified nuclear antigens needs to be made available to physicians by clinical laboratories. They need to be provided with data on the frequencies of false negatives, biologic false positives and, importantly, with data on the kinetics or dynamics of the relationships between demonstrable immune responses and the clinical manifestation of the diseases. Much of this remains to be done. d. Steps need to be taken toward standardization and evaluation of other immunofluorescent microscopic methods used in clinical laboratories, notably the tests for anti-smooth muscle antibodies (Doniack and Roitt, 1968), the anti-mitochondrial antibodies (Paronetto and Popper, 1976), antithyroid antibodies (Johnson et al., 1965), antibodies to epithelial antigens (Beutner et al., 1979; Beutner et al., 1970) and others, (Hekman, Rumke, 1976; Kaplan, 1976; Rose and Witebsky, 1968; Rule and Genkins, 1976).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":79229,"journal":{"name":"Laboratory and research methods in biology and medicine","volume":"8 ","pages":"49-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17419678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}