American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction最新文献

{"title":"HLA-DR antigen on human trophoblast: a review.","authors":"C W Redman","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00241.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00241.x","url":null,"abstract":"The mammalian embryo and fetoplacental unit is often likened to a successful semiallograft in the mother. The analogy clarifies little, because the mechanisms of allograft rejection are not understood. However, the concept focuses attention on the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens which were first defined on the basis of allograft rejection. To what extent is the maternal immune system exposed to and stimulated by fetal MHC antigens? The question is central to the understanding of the immune mechanisms of pregnancy. Maternal alloantibodies to fetal class I and class II MHC antigens occur frequently and normally in human pregnancy.l-' demonstrating that fetal alloantigens are not completely separated from the maternal immune system. Alloantibodies can develop during a first pregnancy\"; hence maternal alloimmunization is not usually dependent on events at delivery and, in this respect, differs from rhesus isoimmunization. The antibodies bind to placental tissue from where they can be eluted.v\" The binding is alloantigen-specific which has led to the concept that the placenta may function as an antibody filter, protecting the fetus against potentially harmful cytotoxic antibodies.\" Maternal IgG is bound to cells in the chorionic villous stroma and is not found on the syncytiotrophoblast.\" Maternal alloantibodies have not been documented in all pregnancy sera although this may be only because the methods used for their detection are inadequate. Nevertheless, it has been postulated that they have an essential regulatory function as \"blocking\" antibodies which protect the fetus from immune rejection.\" It is then further suggested that failure of alloimmunization leads to pregnancy failure. This may occur where the mother and father share HLA antigens, particularly at the DR locus, and may be a cause of unexplained recurrent first trimester abortion.\" Even though the postulated mechanisms are completely undefined, trials of therapeutic maternal alloimmunization are underway in an attempt to prevent unexplained recurrent abortion. 10 .","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 4","pages":"175-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00241.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17410051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction Abstracts of the Fourth Annual International Symposium Park City, Utah, June 8–11, 1983","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00245.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00245.x","url":null,"abstract":"A 26-year-old Kuwai t i woman in good health was referred to the John Hopkins Hospital Division of Reproductive Endocrinology subsequent to her thirteenth spontaneous abort ion. The abort ions occurred at ten weeks I ges tat ion; a D and C was done follow ing each abortion. Complete and thorough endocrino logic, virologic, and cytogenetic evaluations were entirely normal. Immunologic evaluation revealed anti-P, as well as anti-IILA-B8 and anti-DR3, in the woman's serum. Her erythrocytes typed PIP k. Anti-P is present in the serum of all known pk individuals. This woman's titers were 1 :32 for IgM and 1:4 for IgG. Two circumstances implicate anti-P rather than the HLA antibodies as the cause of her abortions: l) anti-Tja (anti-PPlpk) has been implicated in early abortions of Tj8 negative women; 2) the anti-P antibody was undoubtedly present prior to her first pregnancy, whert:!as the anti-HLA ant i bodies resu 1t from pregnancy immunizat ions. Parenthetically, our patient shared no HLA haplotype with her husband; however, they shared one antigen, HLA-Bw52. Subsequent to these studies, the patient I s fourteenth abortion occurred at eight weeks' gestation, and, for the first time, fetal material was available for examination Cytogenetics revealed a normal female karyotype. Immunofluorescence, immunope r ox i d ase , and elect ron mi croscopic stud i e s are in progress.","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00245.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63272060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HLA-DR antigen on human trophoblast.","authors":"C J Brami,&nbsp;M K Sanyal,&nbsp;J M Dwyer,&nbsp;C C Johnson,&nbsp;E I Kohorn,&nbsp;F Naftolin","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00240.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00240.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the presence of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) on first trimester human trophoblast cells, frozen sections of villous trophoblast and monolayer cultures of isolated cells from placental villi were prepared and exposed to a mouse monoclonal antibody directed against HLA-DR and then incubated with fluorescein-conjugated goat antimouse antibodies. Fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that HLA-DR antigens were present on only the small polygonal epithelioid cells of the monolayer culture. The crescentic staining pattern was consistent with widespread distribution of antigen on the cell membrane. There was no staining over giant multinucleated structures or on fibroblasts of such cell cultures. No HLA-DR was detected when this indirect immunofluorescent technique was applied to tissue sections of villous trophoblast. Existence of high concentrations of hCG in culture supernatants and coincident localization of both hCG and HLA-DR using antibodies conjugated with rhodamine or fluorescein on the polygonal epithelioid cells indicate the trophoblastic origin and expression of HLA-DR antigen under in vitro monolayer culture conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 4","pages":"165-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00240.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17410050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of human sperm antigens to antisperm antibodies.","authors":"C Y Lee,&nbsp;V Lum,&nbsp;E Wong,&nbsp;A C Menge,&nbsp;Y S Huang","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00243.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00243.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have successfully applied SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) gel/protein blot radioimmunobinding method to identify the molecular size of sperm antigens that elicit antisperm antibodies from patients with unexplained infertility. Following the transfer of renatured proteins from SDS gel of human sperm extract onto nitrocellulose strips, the radioimmunobinding was performed by incubating the strips with patients' sera at 1:100 dilution and then with I125-labeled goat antihuman immunoglobulin G (IgG) or protein A as detecting probes. Unique sperm antigens that reacted with some patients' sera were identified following the autoradiography of the incubated paper strips. Among the fifty-nine standard serum samples from the Reference Bank of the World Health Organization, about one-fourth of them were found to react predominantly with a sperm protein band having the reference value (Rf value) of 0.2 and the approximate molecular weight of 90,000 dalton. A similar analysis was also performed with serum samples from vasectomized patients. Some of them also revealed a specific binding with the sperm antigen(s) of similar molecular weight. The results of this analysis were also compared with those of conventional tests for sperm antibodies as well as those of microplate radioimmunoassays and enzyme-linked immunoassays. This study suggests that SDS gel/protein blot radioimmunobinding method can be a useful tool for the molecular identification of unique human sperm antigen(s) that elicit naturally occurring antisperm antibodies in patients with unexplained infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 4","pages":"183-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00243.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17931743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphocyte subsets defined by monoclonal antibodies in human pregnancy.","authors":"M P Moore,&nbsp;N P Carter,&nbsp;C W Redman","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00239.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00239.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using monoclonal antibodies, indirect immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry, the proportions and absolute numbers of various lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood have been measured in normal human pregnancy. Groups of ten women were studied at 12, 28, and 36 weeks of gestation and compared with 16 nonpregnant control women. The percentage of T cells (OKT3+) was constant throughout pregnancy, and this was confirmed in three women studied serially prior to and throughout early pregnancy. A slight fall in the proportion of helper cells (OKT4+) and rise in the proportion of suppressor cells (OKT8+) was observed at 12 and 28 weeks, but these changes, and the resulting fall in helper/suppressor ratio, were not statistically significant. Absolute lymphocyte counts determined by white cell count and differential were lower during pregnancy. The absolute numbers of T cells, helper cells, suppressor cells, and Ia-bearing cells (mainly B cells) were significantly lower at 36 weeks' gestation. T cells and helper cells were significantly reduced in absolute number at 12 weeks' gestation. There was no change in the ratio of T cells to B cells at any stage of gestation. The lack of any significant change in the balance between helper and suppressor cells in peripheral blood suggests that these cells are not important in the immune adaptation to pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 4","pages":"161-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00239.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17288885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of leukocyte adherence by potassium chloride extract of allogeneic squamous cell carcinoma of the human uterine cervix.","authors":"M M Dini,&nbsp;L Lenzi,&nbsp;I Faiferman","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00244.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00244.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay was used to evaluate cell-mediated immunity in patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. The reactivity of the peripheral blood leukocytes of these patients was evaluated after incubation with pooled extracts of allogeneic squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. One hundred sixty-seven sets of LAI assays were performed on 54 individuals, including 23 patients with Stage I squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix, 9 patients with other stages of this tumor, 9 patients with unrelated tumors and 13 normal healthy volunteers. A protein concentration of one milligram per milliliter in the tumor extract and 10% fetal bovine serum in the feeding media gave the best results. Eighty-seven percent (28/32) of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix showed marked specific reactivity. No difference was found in the LAI indices of different stages of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 4","pages":"188-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00244.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17931744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of antiplatelet antibody and transient neonatal thrombocytopenic purpura.","authors":"N S Rote,&nbsp;K G Nielsen,&nbsp;V D Neilson,&nbsp;H R Hill,&nbsp;J R Scott","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00242.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00242.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP) is an antibody-mediated autoimmune disease of platelets. Transplacental passage of the antibody during pregnancy can result in transient neonatal thrombocytopenia, but it is not known why some infants of antibody-positive, thrombocytopenic mothers are not affected. We have developed a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure circulating antiplatelet antibody and have used this technique to investigate the influence of maternal titers on the occurrence of neonatal thrombocytopenia. The assay is sensitive over a range of 12.5 to 800 ng of immunoglobulin G (IgG) per microtiter well and closely correlates with the complement lysis inhibition assay (CLIA) for antiplatelet antibody (correlation coefficient = 0.726). In many instances, the level of circulating antiplatelet antibody in maternal and cord bloods reflected the degree of maternal and neonatal thrombocytopenia, but several important exceptions were observed. We suggest that levels of antiplatelet antibody in the maternal blood and cord blood are not always predictive of the degree of neonatal thrombocytopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"3 4","pages":"178-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1983.tb00242.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17738749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the International Meeting on Immunological Factors in Human Contraception. November 8-9, 1982, Rome, Italy.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"2 5","pages":"270-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18197248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do glucocorticosteroids affect the fetal immune system?","authors":"N Gleicher,&nbsp;I Siegel,&nbsp;L L Cederqvist","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79203,"journal":{"name":"American journal of reproductive immunology : AJRI : official journal of the American Society for the Immunology of Reproduction and the International Coordination Committee for Immunology of Reproduction","volume":"1 4","pages":"184-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17946078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}