Animal Biology最新文献_第10页

Evolution of vertebrate brain size is associated with sexual traits 脊椎动物大脑大小的进化与性特征有关

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Animal Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.1163/15707563-bja10039

M. Zhong, Long Jin, Jian Ping Yu, W. Liao

{"title":"Evolution of vertebrate brain size is associated with sexual traits","authors":"M. Zhong, Long Jin, Jian Ping Yu, W. Liao","doi":"10.1163/15707563-bja10039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15707563-bja10039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The expensive tissue hypothesis predicts a trade-off between investments in the brain and other energetically costly organs due to the costs associated with their growth and maintenance within the finite energy resources available. However, few studies address the strength of relationships between brain size and investments in precopulatory (ornaments and armaments) and postcopulatory (testes and ejaculates) sexual traits. Here, in a broad comparative study, we tested the prediction that the relationship between brain size and investment in sexual traits differs among taxa relative to the importance of sperm competition within them. We found that brain size was negatively correlated with sexual size dimorphism (SSD) in anurans and primates, and it tended to decrease with SSD in ungulates and cetaceans. However, brain size did not covary significantly with armaments (e.g., canine length, horn, antler, and muscle mass). Brain size was not correlated with postcopulatory sexual traits (testes and ejaculates). The intensity of covariance between brain size and precopulatory sexual traits decreased with increasing relative testis size.","PeriodicalId":7876,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/15707563-bja10039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45113806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infections by the trematode Microphallus nicolli and the acanthocephalan Profilicollis altmani in relation to the reproductive condition of their intermediate host, the Pacific mole crab Emerita analoga 尼科利小蠊和阿尔特曼尼棘头蠊的感染与其中间宿主翡翠蟹类似物的繁殖条件的关系

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Animal Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.1163/15707563-bja10038

R. Bhaduri

{"title":"Infections by the trematode Microphallus nicolli and the acanthocephalan Profilicollis altmani in relation to the reproductive condition of their intermediate host, the Pacific mole crab Emerita analoga","authors":"R. Bhaduri","doi":"10.1163/15707563-bja10038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15707563-bja10038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Parasites can dramatically influence fecundity of their hosts, so for any host species it is important to establish whether parasite infections affect host reproduction. The Pacific mole crab, Emerita analoga, commonly harbors metacercarial cysts of the trematode Microphallus nicolli and cystacanths of the acanthocephalan Profilicollis altmani. Although these helminths are known to infect primarily larger female mole crabs, they may do so disproportionately when tied to their host’s reproductive condition. This study was undertaken to examine differences in parasite prevalence and abundance between non-ovigerous and ovigerous hosts. Crabs from Del Monte Beach, Monterey, California were collected, carapace length measured, sexed, examined for parasites, and had their reproductive state noted. The vast majority of the crabs sampled were infected with at least one parasite, and over half of the crabs had both M. nicolli and P. altmani. Ovigerous females were significantly larger than non-ovigerous crabs. Prevalence of both trematode metacercarial cysts and acanthocephalan cystacanths was significantly higher in ovigerous females than in non-ovigerous ones. Egg-bearing females were also more heavily infected by both parasites than non-egg-bearing individuals. These results suggest that larger ovigerous crabs may provide greater resources and thus are able to support higher levels of infections. This study shows that neither parasite prevalence nor abundance seemed to affect egg production in E. analoga.","PeriodicalId":7876,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biology","volume":"70 1","pages":"417-425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/15707563-bja10038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48344930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Revisiting classic ecogeographical rules, using a widely distributed mouse species (Apodemus draco) 重新审视经典的生态地理规则，使用广泛分布的老鼠物种（Apodemus draco）

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Animal Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.1163/15707563-bja10012

Jifa Cui, Bingxin Wang, Shengnan Ji, Huawei Su, Youbing Zhou

{"title":"Revisiting classic ecogeographical rules, using a widely distributed mouse species (Apodemus draco)","authors":"Jifa Cui, Bingxin Wang, Shengnan Ji, Huawei Su, Youbing Zhou","doi":"10.1163/15707563-bja10012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15707563-bja10012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Ecogeographical rules predict an association between specific adaptive morphological/physiological traits and latitude, elevation or cooler climates. Such ecogeographical effects are often expressed most clearly in widely distributed species due to continuous selective adaptation occurring over their geographic range. Based on 40 population sampling sites of 116 adult individuals (female, ; male, ) across an elevational range of 191–2573 m, we tested whether morphological traits accorded with predictions of Bergmann’s rule, Allen’s rule and Hesse’s rule for the South China field mouse (Apodemus draco). The effects of elevation on body size, appendage length and heart size were tested by fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models. None conformed to Bergmann’s, Allen’s or Hesse’s rule. Clines in body size opposed Bergmann’s rule, and foot and snout length ratios opposed Allen’s rule. We conclude that South China field mice, a widely distributed species, exhibit an acute thermoregulation mechanism in which in colder conditions body sizes decrease – as opposed to altering heart sizes or surface area to volume ratios – requiring less energy to regulate body temperatures. Also, there was a stronger selective pressure to increase partial appendage lengths (i.e., foot and snout) to adapt to the specific environment (e.g. longer period of snow cover, up to 2573 m) rather than on a general shortening of appendages to cope with colder conditions.","PeriodicalId":7876,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biology","volume":"70 1","pages":"359-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/15707563-bja10012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42618713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Pectoral muscle transcriptome analyses reveal high-altitude adaptations in Tibetan chickens 胸肌转录组分析揭示了藏鸡的高海拔适应性

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Animal Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.1163/15707563-bja10026

YaoDong Hu, Su Jiayu, L. Cheng, D. Lan, Diyan Li

{"title":"Pectoral muscle transcriptome analyses reveal high-altitude adaptations in Tibetan chickens","authors":"YaoDong Hu, Su Jiayu, L. Cheng, D. Lan, Diyan Li","doi":"10.1163/15707563-bja10026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15707563-bja10026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The largest muscles in fowl are the pectorals, which provide the power required for birds to fly. Tibetan chickens show specific adaptations to high-altitude conditions, but changes in the muscle transcriptome associated with these adaptations have not been characterized yet. Therefore, in this study, we used next-generation sequencing technologies to generate eight libraries of mRNA sequences for four Tibetan chickens and four Beijing fatty chickens. A comprehensive transcriptome analysis was performed. In the eight samples, 12 333 annotated protein-coding genes were expressed. Among these, 48 differentially expressed genes were found; all of which were upregulated in Tibetan chickens. These differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in kidney morphogenesis, which indicates that hypoxia has an important effect on renal tubule development. Only nine genes were involved in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, such as the endocytosis pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the calcium signaling pathway and the TGF-beta signaling pathway. The differentially expressed genes identified in this study will be used to facilitate future research into the Tibetan chicken.","PeriodicalId":7876,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1163/15707563-bja10026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45228061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Sexual dimorphism and variability in the skull of Martes foina 鹅肝马氏体头骨的两性异形和变异性

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Animal Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-15 DOI: 10.1163/15707563-bja10020

A. Özen

引用次数: 1

Life and Research of V. А. Charkin — scientist, father, grandfather V.的生活与研究А。查金，科学家，父亲，祖父

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Animal Biology Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.15407/ANIMBIOL22.03.021

І. V. Nevostruyeva