African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM最新文献

{"title":"JIEYUANSHEN DECOCTION EXERTS ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS ON DEPRESSIVE RAT MODEL VIA REGULATING HPA AXIS AND THE LEVEL OF AMINO ACIDS NEUROTRANSMITTER.","authors":"Zhang Qiuxia,&nbsp;Ma Xinlong,&nbsp;Yang Yilong,&nbsp;Zhao Hui,&nbsp;Wang Yali,&nbsp;Yao Xiaoquan,&nbsp;Wang Lei,&nbsp;Chang Jiahui,&nbsp;Zou Haiyan","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Jieyuanshen</i> decoction (JYAS-D) - a traditional Chinese medicine was invented by Professor <i>Nie</i> based on classic formulas, <i>chaihu jia longgu muli</i> decoction has been proved as having favorable curative effects on depression in clinical practices. The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects and its molecular mechanism of JYAS-D.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The model of depression was established by Chronic Unpredictable Stress. Different doses (8.2 g/kg, 16.3 g/kg, 32.7 g/kg) of JYAS-D was orally administered; Fluoxetine was orally administered with 10mg/kg. All treatments lasted for 28 days. Sucrose preference and open-field tests were adopted to observe the behavior of rats. OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde) derivatization method was used to detect the contents of amino acid neurotransmitter. RIA (Radiation immunity analysis) method was used to measure the serum concentrations of CORT (Corticosterone), ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and CRH (Corticotropin-releasing hormone). ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) method was adopted to examine the contents of Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in hippocampus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the model group, sucrose preference was increased in all treatment groups. The concentration of serum CORT was reduced in the middle dose of JYAS-D and control groups; the concentration of serum ACTH was reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D; the concentration of serum CRH was reduced in the middle and high-dose of JYAS-D. The content of hippocampus GR was increased in the middle and high-dose of JYAS-D; the content of hippocampus Glu (Glutamic acid) was reduced among the low, middle and high-dose of JYAS-D and fluoxetine group, the ratio of Glu/γ-GABA (y-aminobutyric acid was reduced in the low and high-dose of JYAS-D.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>JYAS-D had a significant antidepressant-like effect on rat model through regulating serum concentration of CORT, ACTH and CRH, increasing the content of hippocampus GR and regulating the equilibrium of amino acids neurotransmitter.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"33-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35052991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF <i>MOLTKIA AUREA BOISS</i>., AN ENDEMIC SPECIES TO TURKEY.","authors":"Neslihan Balpinar,&nbsp;Gulten Okmen","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> is the direct reason of mastitis. Mastitis is a disease characterized by pathological changes in mammary glands as well as physical, chemical, bacteriological changes in milk. This disease causes loses in milk yield and quality. In recent years, it is reported that mastitis pathogens have developed a resistance to antibiotics as a natural consequence of widespread use of it. Today's researches are focused on discovering and using new antibiotics against bacteria. The aim of this paper is to examine the antibacterial properties of <i>Moltkia aurea Boiss.][o]</i> (an endemic species to Turkey), and its other biological activities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All of the extracts were tested by disc diffusion assay in order to screen antibacterial activity. MIC values were evaluated as antibacterial activities of plant extracts. The non-enzymatic antioxidative activities including DPPH radical scavenging effects were studied <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>Results shown that the extracts had strong antibacterial effects on three bacteria <i>(S. aureus-</i> 17, <i>S. aureus-18</i> and CNS-37) and the range of inhibition zone was 4-6mm. This three bacteria screened the lowest sensitivity to 65000 μg /mL concentration. Besides, the extracts were tested for non-enzymatic antioxidant activities. As a result, the methanol extract of the flower displayed a strong antioxidant activity. The various extracts of <i>Moltkia aurea</i> have different antibacterial and antioxidant properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35052993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIGNALING PATHWAYS REGULATED BY <i>BRASSICACEAE</i> EXTRACT INHIBIT THE FORMATION OF ADVANCED GLYCATED END PRODUCTS IN RAT BRAIN.","authors":"Abdulrahman L Al-Malki, Elie K Barbour, Huwait Ea, Said S Moselhy, Anas Hassan Saeed ALZahrani, Taha A Kumosani","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.25","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The goal of this study was identification signaling molecules mediated the formation of AGEs in brain of rats injected with CdCl2 and the role of camel whey proteins and <i>Brassicaceae</i> extract on formation of AGEs in brain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety male rats were randomly grouped into five groups; Normal control (GpI) and the other rats (groups II-V) were received a single dose of cadmium chloride <i>i.p</i> (5 μg/kg/b.w) for induction of neurodegeneration. Rats in groups III-V were treated daily with whey protein (1g/kg b.w) or <i>Brassicaceae</i> extract (1mg/kg b.w) or combined respectively for 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that whey protein combined with <i>Brassicaceae</i> extract prevented the formation of AGEs and enhance the antioxidant activity compared with untreated group (p <0.001). Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukine (IL-6) levels were significantly decreased (p<0.01) in rats treated with whey protein and <i>Brassicaceae</i> extract formation compared with untreated. The combined treatment showed a better impact than individual ones (p<0.001). The level of cAMP but not cGMP were lowered in combined treatment than individual (p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be postulated that Whey protein + <i>Brassicaceae</i> extract formation could have potential benefits in the prevention of the onset and progression of neuropathy in patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"234-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5446448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35053346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IN VITRO EFFICACY OF EXTRACTS FROM PLANTS USED BY SMALL-HOLDER FARMERS IN THE TREATMENT OF DERMATOPHILOSIS IN CATTLE.","authors":"Daud N Ndhlovu,&nbsp;Patrick J Masika","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.28","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bovine dermatophilosis, an important skin disease of cattle caused by Dermatophilus congolensis, negatively impacts the livelihoods of small-holder farmers in Zimbabwe. This impact is through, morbidity, loss of draught animal power, costs incurred to manage the disease, losses associated with devalued damaged hides and the resultant culling of some of the affected cattle. Due to the inaccessibility of conventional drugs to manage bovine dermatophilosis, farmers have been reported to use local medicinal plants to manage the disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activities of three plants that small-holder farmers in Zimbabwe used to manage bovine dermatophilosis. Methods: Dried plant materials were ground into powder and extracted individually using, water, 80 % acetone and 80 % methanol. The antimicrobial properties of the plants were evaluated against two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) reference bacterial strains. They were further evaluated against a field isolate of Dermatophilus congolensis. The assays used were the disc diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: Acetone and methanol extracts had superior inhibitory activities than did those of water. Pterocarpus angolensis DC extracts had better inhibitory properties with absolute MIC values of 0.156 – 5 mg/ml, Cissus Quadrangularis L had MIC values in the range 0.156 – 5 mg/ml while that of Catunaregam spinosa Thunb, Terveng was 0.156 – 10 mg/ml. Dermatophilus congolensis was more sensitive to Pterocarpus angolensis DC average MIC = 0.63 mg/ml than to Cissus quadrangularis L average MIC = 1.25 mg/ml and Catunaregam. spinosa Thunb, Terveng average MIC = 2.08 mg/ml. Conclusion: These results suggest the potential antibacterial activities of extracts of the three plants and hence farmers are, in a way, justified in using the plants. Better results (lower MIC) could be obtained by extracting and evaluating pure active compounds of the plants.","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"263-272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.28","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35054805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WITHAFERIN A INDUCES APOPTOSIS IN RAT C6 GLIOMA CELLS THROUGH REGULATING NF-KB NUCLEAR TRANSLOCATION AND ACTIVATION OF CASPASE CASCADE.","authors":"Wei-Chen Hou,&nbsp;Xiao-Hui Miao,&nbsp;Lian-Jun Ma,&nbsp;Xiao-Xue Bai,&nbsp;Qun Liu,&nbsp;Lei Song","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The demand for the chemopreventive drug from the plant source is increasing in recent times, owing to its various biological activities without any adverse effect. The intention of this current study was to examine the anti-glioma effect of Withaferin A (WFA) on C6 glioma cell line model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>C6 glioma cells were administrated with different concentration of WFA (50, 100, 200 and 500 μg/mL) and DMSO (control) group to examine its anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with WFA showed a significant decline in the glioma cell count in a dose-dependent manner and thus proving its anti-proliferative effect. Similarly, inflammatory markers were also substantially lowered upon treatment with different concentration of WFA. However, DNA fragmentation and apoptotic markers like Caspase-3 and 9 were concomitantly enhanced after co-cultured with different concentration of WFA and thus exhibiting its cytotoxicity efficacy. Furthermore, the protein expression of Bcl2 and Bax were markedly downregulated and upregulated respectively; upon treatment with WFA on C6 glioma cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The outcome of this study evidently demonstrates that C6 glioma cells co-cultured with increased concentration of WFA, showed an anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effect in a dose-dependent fashion.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"319-324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35054810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MECHANISMS UNDERLYING ACTION OF <i>XINMAILONG</i> INJECTION, A TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE IN CARDIAC FUNCTION IMPROVEMENT.","authors":"Zhengtao Li, Sujuan Li, Lin Hu, Fang Li, Alex Chun Cheung, Weizai Shao, Yuling Que, George Pek-Heng Leung, Cui Yang","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.26","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a bioactive composite extracted from American cockroach, <i>Xinmailong</i> injection (XML) is used for the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) in China. Clinical data has provided evidence that XML has positive inotropic properties. The objective of this study was to assess the mechanisms involved in the therapeutical effect of XML on CHF.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The effects of XML on the cardiac function in isolated rat heart were measured. A Ca²⁺ imaging technology was used in rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells) to reveal the role of XML on Ca²⁺ channels. Meanwhile, the effects of XML on the activities of Na+/K+ ATPase and sodium/calcium exchanger were measured. In addition, the level of reactive oxygen species and the protein expressions for the superoxide dismutase and hemeoxygenase were determined in the cardiomyocytes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that XML increased the electrical impulse-induced [Ca²⁺]_i in H9c2 cells, which was dependant on extracellular Ca²⁺ and was abolished by ML218-HCl (a T-type Ca²⁺channels antagonist) but not nimodipine (a L-type Ca²⁺channels antagonist). Ouabain, a Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, increased the electrical impulse-induced [Ca²⁺]_i, which was significantly inhibited by XML. Moreover, XML markedly inhibited the Na+/K+ ATPase activity in H9c2 cells. In addition, XML notably reduced the production of reactive oxygen species and enhanced the protein expressions of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase 1, superoxide dismutase 2 and hemeoxygenase 1 in H9c2 cell.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings pave the ways to the better understandings of the therapeutic effects of XML on cardiovascular system.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"241-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5446449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35053347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTITUMOR AND APOPTOTIC EFFECTS OF CUCURBITACIN A IN A-549 LUNG CARCINOMA CELLS IS MEDIATED VIA G2/M CELL CYCLE ARREST AND M-TOR/PI3K/AKT SIGNALLING PATHWAY.","authors":"Wen-Dong Wang,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Yuan Su,&nbsp;Xian-Zhi Xiong,&nbsp;Dan Shang,&nbsp;Juan-Juan Xu,&nbsp;Hong-Ju Liu","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The main aim of this study was to demonstrate the antitumor potential of cucurbitacin A on A-549 NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer cells). The effects of Cucurbitacin A on apoptotic induction, cell physic, cell cycle failure and m-TOR/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway were also investigated in the present study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>MTT assay and clonogenic assay were carried out to study effects of this compound on cell cytotoxicity and colony forming tendency in A-549 cells. Moreover, phase and fluorescence microscopic techniques were used to examine the effects on cell morphology and induction of apoptosis. The effects on cell cycle phase distribution were investigated by flow cytometry and effects on m-TOR/PI3K/Akt signalling proteins were assessed by western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that cucurbitacin A induced dose-dependent cytotoxic effects along with suppressing the colony forming tendency in these cells. Cucurbitacin A also induced morphological changes in these cells featuring chromatin condensation, cell shrinkage and apoptotic body formation. G2/M phase cell cycle collapse was also induced by Cucurbitacin A along with inhibition of expression levels of m-TOR/PI3K/Akt proteins.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, cucurbitacin A inhibits cancer growth in A-549 NSCLC cells by inducing apoptosis, targeting m-TOR/PI3K/Akt signalling pathway and G2/M cell cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35052995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INDUCTION OF CELL CYCLE ARREST AND APOPTOSIS BY ORMENIS ERIOLEPIS A MORROCAN ENDEMIC PLANT IN VARIOUS HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES.","authors":"Lamiae Belayachi,&nbsp;Clara Aceves-Luquero,&nbsp;Nawel Merghoub,&nbsp;Silvia Fernández de Mattos,&nbsp;Saaîd Amzazi,&nbsp;Priam Villalonga,&nbsp;Youssef Bakri","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.37","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Ormenis eriolepis Coss</i> (Asteraceae) is an endemic Moroccan subspecies, traditionally named \"Hellala\" or \"Fergoga\". It's usually used for its hypoglycemic effect as well as for the treatment of stomacal pain. As far as we know, there is no scientific exploration of anti tumoral activity of <i>Ormenis eriolepis</i> extracts.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this regard, we performed a screening of organic extracts and fractions in a panel of both hematological and solid cancer cell lines, to evaluate the potential <i>in vitro</i> anti tumoral activity and to elucidate the respective mechanisms that may be responsible for growth arrest and cell death induction. The plant was extracted using organic solvents, and four different extracts were screened on Jurkat, Jeko-1, TK-6, LN229, SW620, U2OS, PC-3 and NIH3T3 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cell viability assays revealed that, the IC50 values were (11,63±5,37μg/ml) for Jurkat, (13,33±1,67μg/ml) for Jeko-1, (41,67±1,98μg/ml) for LN229 and (19,31±4,88μg/ml) for PC-3 cells upon treatment with Oe-DF and Oe-HE respectively. Both the fraction and extract exhibited no effects on TK6 and NIH3T3. Cytometry analysis accompanied by DNA damage signaling protein levels monitoring (p-H2A.X), showed that both the Dichloromethane Fraction and Hexanic extract induce DNA double stranded breaks (DSBs) accompanied by cell cycle arrest in G1 (Jurkat, Jeko -1 and LN22) and G2/M (PC-3) phases which is agreed with the caspase activity observed. Additional experiments with selective inhibitors of stress and survival pathways (JNK, MAPK, Rho, p53, and JAK3) indicated that none of these pathways was significantly involved in apoptosis induction. The bioactive compound analysis by CG/MS indicated that the major compounds in Oe-DF were: Linoleic Acid (15,89%), Podophyllotoxin (17,89%) and Quercetin (22,95%). For Oe-HE the major molecules were: Linoleic Acid (9,76%), α-curcumene (7,07%), α-bisabolol (5,49%), Campesterol (4,41%), Stigmasterol (14,08%) and β-sitosterol (7,49%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that bioactive compounds present in <i>Ormenis eriolepis</i> show significant anti proliferative activity inducing cell cycle arrest and cell death operating through apoptosis pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"356-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.37","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35053256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KIRKIA ACUMINATA OLIV.: A REVIEW OF ITS ETHNOBOTANY AND PHARMACOLOGY.","authors":"Alfred Maroyi","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.23","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Local communities in sub-Saharan Africa have a long history of medicinal plant usage. Like in other parts of the developing world, rural and urban communities are still dependent on herbal medicines for primary health care, and the use of herbal medicines is still an integral part of their daily life and socio-cultural life style. The objective of this paper is to summarise information on the ethnobotany and pharmacology of <i>Kirkia acuminata</i> Oliv. throughout its distributional range.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The information documented in this article is derived from books, theses, scientific journals and reports obtained from library collections, Scopus, Pubmed, MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar and Science Direct.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Kirkia acuminata</i> is the most known and widely distributed <i>Kirkia</i> species in the genus and is one of the most popular and promising plant resources due to its several beneficial uses. <i>Kirkia acuminata</i> is used to treat abdominal pains, backache, cholera, constipation, cough, diarrhea, dysentery, snake bites, toothache and wounds. Other applications include its use as charcoal; hedge, ornamental or shade; stock feed, timber and source of water during drought periods. Preliminary phytochemical assessment of roots and stem bark of <i>K. acuminata</i> showed presence of lignans, neo-lignans, nor-carotinoids and other compounds. The extracts of <i>K. acuminata</i> exhibited antibacterial and antimycobacterial activities. These phytochemical compounds may be responsible for the medicinal uses and biological activities demonstrated by <i>K. acuminata</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Detailed research is required aimed at exploring mode of action of bioactive compounds of <i>Kirkia acuminata</i> that are responsible for the documented pharmacological effects. <i>Kirkia acuminata</i> is an important plant species that has potential to contribute to the primary health care and livelihood improvement of local communities in the geographical areas where it is indigenous and found in abundance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"217-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5446446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35053344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF BODY AWARENESS THERAPY AND AEROBIC EXERCISES ON PAIN AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE PATIENTS WITH TENSION TYPE HEADACHE.","authors":"Meral Sertel, Yeşim Bakar, Tülay Tarsuslu Şimşek","doi":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.31","DOIUrl":"10.21010/ajtcam.v14i2.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study is to investigate the effect of Body Awareness Therapy (BAT) and Aerobic Exercises on pain and quality of life in patients with Tension-Type Headache (TTH).</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>Sixty individuals with TTH diagnosis who referred Neurologist were incorporated into study. The individuals were randomly grouped into 3 as BAT (n=20), aerobic exercise (n=20) and control group (n=20). Pain severity of the individuals was evaluated by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and pain diary, disability with ache; by Pain Disability Index (PDI) and Headache Impact Tests (HIT) and quality of life was evaluated by SF-36. Subsequent to first assessments, 3 sessions of 60 minutes per week throughout 6 weeks totally.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the groups were compared at the end of the study, a significant decrease was observed in VAS, PDI and HIT values in the individuals in the BAT and aerobic exercise groups. With the individuals in group BAT and aerobic exercise all parameters of quality of life were observed to be increased significantly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BAT and aerobic exercise programs to be applied on TTH patients were concluded to be important in decreasing the pain, in increasing the quality of life and in reducing pain-related daily constraints of the individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7845,"journal":{"name":"African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM","volume":"14 2","pages":"288-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5446455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35054808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}