African Journal of Ecology最新文献_第9页

Utilisation of Anthropogenic Landscapes by Bird Communities in West African Drylands 西非旱地鸟类群落对人为景观的利用

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13330

Aisha Sani Magaji, Safianu Rabiu

{"title":"Utilisation of Anthropogenic Landscapes by Bird Communities in West African Drylands","authors":"Aisha Sani Magaji, Safianu Rabiu","doi":"10.1111/aje.13330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13330","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The increasing demand for food and settlement in response to human population explosion is an issue of major concern recently. Conservation planning for biodiversity in anthropogenic landscapes is crucial given the dramatic changes within landscapes with human population growth; and understanding how avian species utilise such landscapes is especially important. This study investigated the impacts of vegetation structure and human activities on avian diversity; it also explored the stability of bird communities in northern Nigeria. We collected bird count, vegetation and anthropogenic data from four study sites over a period of 1 year. A total of 168 species were recorded. Vegetation variables were significant predictors of species abundance and richness, while human activities exerted little effect on them. Community stability varied considerably among the study sites, and a positive covariance and asynchronous relationship were observed among species. Since the drylands of northern Nigeria provide a refuge for many bird species, the protection and monitoring of this landscape are critical in order to cope with the management needs of avian communities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7844,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Ecology","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trophic Structure and Dietary Overlap in the Sympatric Skinks Trachylepis punctatissima and Trachylepis varia From Central South Africa 南非中部同域石龙子Trachylepis punctatissima和Trachylepis varia的营养结构和膳食重叠情况

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13331

Neil Heideman, Michael Bates, Zhongning Zhao

{"title":"Trophic Structure and Dietary Overlap in the Sympatric Skinks Trachylepis punctatissima and Trachylepis varia From Central South Africa","authors":"Neil Heideman, Michael Bates, Zhongning Zhao","doi":"10.1111/aje.13331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13331","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diet diversity and overlap was investigated in the sympatric skinks <i>Trachylepis punctatissima</i> and <i>Trachylepis varia</i> from central South Africa using stomach and intestinal contents of museum specimens. Simpson's Index and the Shannon–Wiener Index were used to determine their food niche breadths and Pianka's Index to determine the extent to which they shared the food resource. Food items were identified from head capsules, mouthparts and appendages to order level. The two species contained similar prey types with <i>T. varia</i> having the wider niche breadth. Females also had wider niche breadths than males and isopterans were present in significantly higher quantities than the rest of the food items in both species. Larvae were found in both, but arachnids only in <i>T. varia</i>. Trophic niche overlap between the two was fairly high (Pianka's Index, 0.6915) and therefore did not support the hypothesis that similar species sharing a food resource should have well differentiated diets to reduce competition. This finding however requires further verification as the two species may consume different species of the corresponding orders identified. Intraspecifically trophic niche overlap between the sexes was low (<i>T. punctatissima</i>, 0.3889; <i>T. varia</i>, 0.4633) suggesting strong competition for the food resource. Notably lower niche breadth in males compared to females may be due to morphological and behavioural differences and should be further investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":7844,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Ecology","volume":"62 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aje.13331","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelled Vegetation Structure and Abundance Confirms African Savannah Elephant-Induced Damage Across Space in a Dry Protected Area With Diverse Vegetation 植被结构和丰度模型证实了非洲草原象在植被多样的干旱保护区造成的跨空间破坏

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13322

Nobert Tafadzwa Mukomberanwa, Phillip Taru, Beaven Utete, Patmore Ngorima

{"title":"Modelled Vegetation Structure and Abundance Confirms African Savannah Elephant-Induced Damage Across Space in a Dry Protected Area With Diverse Vegetation","authors":"Nobert Tafadzwa Mukomberanwa, Phillip Taru, Beaven Utete, Patmore Ngorima","doi":"10.1111/aje.13322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13322","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The African savannah elephant (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) is an ecosystem engineer essential in determining the structure and vegetation abundance in mesic dry protected areas such as the Mana Pools National Park (MNP) in Zimbabwe. Understanding the interactions between elephants and vegetation structure is essential for effective conservation and management of savannah ecosystems. Conservation efforts often aim to balance elephant populations with the carrying capacity of their habitats to ensure the sustainability of both flora and fauna within protected areas. Therefore understanding how African savannah elephants influence vegetation structure, abundance and damage is critical for adaptive ecosystem management and wildlife conservation in mesic savannah ecosystems. This study assessed: (i) vegetation structure, (ii) abundance and (iii) evidence of elephant-induced vegetation damage near a distance gradient to water points in MNP. A generalised linear model (GLM) was used to investigate the relationship between vegetation aspects that is structure, abundance and evidence of damage with distance from water sources. In the mesic protected MNP where African savannah elephants predominate, the modelled vegetation shape, abundance and damage exhibit spatial differences on a distant gradient towards water sources (χ<sup>2</sup>, <i>p</i> < 0.05). There is need for implementation of comparably, less costly, homogenous conservation measures for African savannah elephants across the artificial water pans in the MNP.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7844,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Ecology","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vachellia xanthophloea, a New Native–Alien Tree Species Along the Orange River in Southern Namibia Vachellia xanthophloea，纳米比亚南部奥兰治河沿岸一种新的本地-外来树种

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13327

Peter Low Cunningham Sr, Peter Low Cunningham Jr

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity and Demographic History of Critically Endangered Oreochromis karongae (Trewavas, 1941) Along Lake Nyasa, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚尼亚萨湖沿岸极度濒危的 Oreochromis karongae（Trewavas，1941 年）的线粒体遗传多样性和种群历史

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13329

Alex Nehemia, Alinanuswe J. Mwakalesi

{"title":"Mitochondrial Genetic Diversity and Demographic History of Critically Endangered Oreochromis karongae (Trewavas, 1941) Along Lake Nyasa, Tanzania","authors":"Alex Nehemia, Alinanuswe J. Mwakalesi","doi":"10.1111/aje.13329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13329","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fish provide food and income opportunities for millions of people in Lake Nyasa, also known as Lake Malawi in Malawi and Lake Niassa in Mozambique. <i>Oreochromis karongae</i> (Trewavas, 1941), which is native to Lake Nyasa, Lake Malombe and the Shire River, is at the verge of extinction and has been listed as critically endangered species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), primarily due to overfishing. Using 632 bp of partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences from 115 samples, this work aims to assess the population genetic status and demographic history of this species to better manage and advance its conservation. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a low and non-significant genetic differentiation index across the populations under study (ΦST = 0.003, <i>p</i> = 0.278), indicating a lack of population genetic structure. Phylogenetic analysis, grouped together all COI haplotypes of <i>O. karongae</i> from the six sampled sites. Nonetheless, the results showed signs of population expansion from a historic bottleneck, consistent with most data from the Western Indian Ocean Fauna. The findings from this study could be used to improve management and conservation strategies for critically endangered <i>O. karongae</i> in Lake Nyasa.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7844,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Ecology","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Importance of Heritage Structures as Bat Roosts in the Sahara Desert 遗产建筑作为撒哈拉沙漠蝙蝠栖息地的重要性

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13319

Andrzej Węgiel, Tomomi Fushiya, Artur Obłuski, Piotr Tryjanowski

引用次数: 0

The New Fishing Technique With Lighted Gillnets in Lake Kivu: Panacea or Pandora's Box? 基伍湖灯光刺网捕鱼新技术：灵丹妙药还是潘多拉魔盒？

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13326

Mulungula Pascal Masilya, Amani Joseph Lubala, Hilda Belinda Hounsounou, Jacques Walumona Riziki, Tchalondawa Kisekelwa

{"title":"The New Fishing Technique With Lighted Gillnets in Lake Kivu: Panacea or Pandora's Box?","authors":"Mulungula Pascal Masilya, Amani Joseph Lubala, Hilda Belinda Hounsounou, Jacques Walumona Riziki, Tchalondawa Kisekelwa","doi":"10.1111/aje.13326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13326","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A new fishing technique has been introduced in Lake Kivu, across the Congo side. It consists of gillnets on which light-emitting diode (LED) lamps are attached. Traditional fishermen have introduced the fishing technique without any studies related to the positive and drawback effects of this fishing technique. We sought to understand whether the gillnets with LED lamps fishing technique improve fishing catches and can be regarded as sustainable for the Lake Kivu ecosystem, or is it just only a marketing strategy for gillnets and LED lamp sellers. Two complementary approaches have been used in this study. Experimental fishing campaigns were conducted from June 2021 to June 2022 and monitoring of fishing team in the field coupled with surveys of fishermen about the effectiveness use of this new fishing technique. We observed that (i) 88% of fishermen using gillnet in the Bukavu sub-basin have already adopted the recently introduced fishing technique; (ii) the average catch per unit effort of gillnets with LED lamps is higher than those without LED lamps (3.84 ± 1.95 kg/net vs. 2.69 ± 2.04 kg/net); (iii) these gillnets retrieve larger specimens (79.88 mm vs. 76.69 mm) and generate monthly a higher average profit to fishermen ($916.35) than the fishing technique lacking the LED ($807). However, (iv) the gillnets with LED lamps generates a lot of plastic trash: around 2130 kg of plastic bags/month under fishing conditions in the Bukavu sub-basin. So, this new fishing technique is a real panacea for its practitioners, but a veritable Pandora's box generating plastic pollutants in Lake Kivu. Instead of banning this new fishing technique, we need to adapt it by using submersible LED lamps.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7844,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Ecology","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142320592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Suite of Pathogens Detected in Ticks Sampled From Wildlife Hosts in Central Kenya 从肯尼亚中部野生动物宿主身上采集的蜱虫样本中检测到的一组病原体

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13317

Derek McFarland Jr., L. Page Fredericks, Tyler Hedlund, Sharon Jones, Felicia Keesing, Mathew Mutinda, Brian F. Allan

引用次数: 0

On the Occurrence of Pelusios gabonensis in the Taï National Park (Côte d'Ivoire) 关于塔伊国家公园（科特迪瓦）出现加蓬鹈鹕（Pelusios gabonensis）的情况

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13320

Drissa Koné, Adboulaye Diarrassouba, Tomas Diagne, Luca Luiselli

引用次数: 0

Predicting the Dry Season Habitat Occupancy of African Savannah Elephant Using Vegetation Indices and Modelling Landscape Variability in a Mesic Protected Area 利用植被指数预测非洲草原象的旱季栖息地占用率并模拟中温带保护区的景观变化

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学

African Journal of Ecology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1111/aje.13318

Nobert Tafadzwa Mukomberanwa, Phillip Taru, Beaven Utete, Honest Komborero Madamombe

{"title":"Predicting the Dry Season Habitat Occupancy of African Savannah Elephant Using Vegetation Indices and Modelling Landscape Variability in a Mesic Protected Area","authors":"Nobert Tafadzwa Mukomberanwa, Phillip Taru, Beaven Utete, Honest Komborero Madamombe","doi":"10.1111/aje.13318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.13318","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>African savannah elephants (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) are key ecosystem engineers that migrate over large spatiotemporal scales foraging as they require copious amounts of food and water across habitable landscapes. Therefore a need to understand movement patterns arises in relation to vegetation type and landscape variability, moreso in forage depauparate arid areas such as Gonarezhou National Park (GNP) in Zimbabwe. The objectives of this study were to: (i) assess the performance of vegetation indices in modelling the distribution of African savannah elephants, and (ii) model future landscape variability in Gonarezhou National Park (GNP) in Zimbabwe. Maximum entropy (MaxEnt) algorithm was used to explore the relationship between vegetation indices and distribution of African savannah elephants in the GNP. The Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) performs better relative to other indices in modelling the distribution of African savannah elephants across all habitat types in the GNP. Cellular automata-Artificial Neural Network (CA-ANN) showed a significant future decrease (Kruskal Anova; <i>p</i> < 0.05) in landscape suitable to sustain large populations of African savannah elephants in the GNP by the year 2083. Future remote sensing reveals directional insights into the future consequences of current landscape management for African savannah elephant conservation which is a crucial in the sustainability of climate threatened arid protected areas such as the GNP.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7844,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Ecology","volume":"62 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0