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Reversal in stereo discrimination by contrast reversal. 立体识别中的反转通过对比反转。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00003
W Richards
{"title":"Reversal in stereo discrimination by contrast reversal.","authors":"W Richards","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT When bars are flashed to appear nearer or farther than the plane of fixation, some observers are unable to localize the bar correctly in depth. For example, with light bars presented against a darker background, convergent disparities may be confused with similar stimuli presented monocularly to only one eye, whereas divergent disparities may be identified correctly. If now the contrast of the bars is reversed, so that they appear dark against a lighter background, then the stereo discrimination will reverse: convergent disparities will be identified correctly, whereas the divergent disparities previously discriminated now will be confused with the monocular stimuli. Such reversals in depth may be the result of interactions between center and surround components of disparity mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"853-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15624575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Diseases of the optic nerve, tracts, and visual cortex. 视神经束和视觉皮层的疾病
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00010
T D Williams
{"title":"Diseases of the optic nerve, tracts, and visual cortex.","authors":"T D Williams","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00010","url":null,"abstract":"The ophthalmic literature dealing with diseases of the optic nerve, tracts, and visual cortex was reviewed for the period November 1976 to November 1977. Thirty-three papers of interest to optometrists have been abstracted. Main areas of interest include response of posterior segment to anterior-segment disturbances; structural anomalies in nerve-head region, including a new potential cause for hypoplasia of optic nerve; speculation on possible common origins of RPE/Bruch's membrane disturbances and endothelium/Descemet's membrane disturbances; a vascular hypothesis for pathogenesis of optic-nerve-head drusen; an explanation for reversibility of infantile glaucomatous cupping; glaucomatocyclitic crisis; the role of axoplasmic flow in papilledema; new developments in field testing for early glaucomatous loss; effects of cerebral vascular accidents on color vision; and two interesting instances of systemic disease with ocular manifestations.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"920-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15237700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Computer-assisted eye examination. II. Visual evoked response meridional refractometry. 计算机辅助眼科检查。2视觉诱发反应经向折射法。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00007
G McCormack, E Marg
{"title":"Computer-assisted eye examination. II. Visual evoked response meridional refractometry.","authors":"G McCormack, E Marg","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00007","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A visual evoked response (VER) or visual evoked potential (VEP) method was studied in order to test its feasibility for objective refraction. An alternating bar grating generated the VER which would directly include the measurement of astigmastism. It was discovered that latency as well as amplitude of the evoked response were affected by the image clarity. Sensitivity to focus was estimated to be ± 1 diopter with the amplitude criterion. The latency criterion appeared to be promising for quantitative analysis of blur. Comparison of our results were made with those of others, and differences discussed. It appears that the VER is not as sensitive to optical degradation of bar gratings as to checkerboards. Suggestions are made for improvement of the methods in order to obtain better sensitivity to focus changes.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"889-903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15689671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Changes in central and peripheral corneal thickness with menstrual cycle. 角膜中央和周围厚度随月经周期的变化。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00004
S G el-Hage, C Beaulne
{"title":"Changes in central and peripheral corneal thickness with menstrual cycle.","authors":"S G el-Hage, C Beaulne","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Corneal thickness change of eight female subjects has been measured centrally and peripherally at three different phases of the menstrual cycle. A modified Haag‐Streit biomicroscope with the pachometer attachment was used for the measurements. Significant corneal thickness changes were not found during the different phases of the menstrual cycle. However, a significant corneal thickness change was found at different locations of the cornea.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"863-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15624576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 26
Diffusion properties of hydrophilic materials. 亲水性材料的扩散特性。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00008
T F Gumpelmayer, G W Schwach
{"title":"Diffusion properties of hydrophilic materials.","authors":"T F Gumpelmayer, G W Schwach","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Swelling characteristics, weight increase and the permeability for H2O, glucose and amino acids of six different polymers which have been used for the manufacture of soft contact lenses have been investigated. Results show a great variation of these properties in the various polymers. The permeability studies indicate that diffusion rate depends on the structure of the polymer, the degree of crosslinks and on the water concentration within the hydrated material.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"904-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15624579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The relationship between ocular motilities and batting average in little leaguers. 小联盟选手眼动与击球率的关系。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00009
J N Trachtman
{"title":"The relationship between ocular motilities and batting average in little leaguers.","authors":"J N Trachtman","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT 36 boys, 10 to 12 years old (little league members) were tested for ocular motility. Ocular motility was defined as the combination of pursuit and saccadic eye movements. Correlations, significant beyond the 0.05 level, were found between batting average and: up‐down and side‐side pursuits, ocular motility, and age. Non‐significant correlations were found between batting average and: fore‐aft pursuits, total pursuit eye movement, up‐down and side‐side saccades, fore‐aft saccades, and total saccadic eye movement. All correlations computed between age and each of the eye movement categories were not significant. Although a functional relationship was not tested, the results of the study do enable one to say that ocular motility and pursuit eye movements are related to batting average.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"914-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15624580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 33
The effect of lightness contrast, tachistoscopic duration and fundus pigmentation on the magnitude of the Mueller-Lyer illusion. 亮度对比、视速镜检查时间和眼底色素沉着对穆勒-莱尔错觉大小的影响。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00005
P C Ebert, R H Pollack
{"title":"The effect of lightness contrast, tachistoscopic duration and fundus pigmentation on the magnitude of the Mueller-Lyer illusion.","authors":"P C Ebert, R H Pollack","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00005","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mueller‐Lyer figures were presented tachistoscopically in illuminant C in four experiments which explored the effects of viewing time (500, 1500, 4500 and 9000 msec), contrast level (1.5 black/, 5 gray/, 7.5 light gray/ each on 9.5 white/ background) and fundus pigmentation on the magnitude of illusion. Significant interactions of contrast level and viewing time were evident. Results further indicate density of fundus pigmentation to be related significantly to illusion magnitude at the shortest viewing time, with more darkly pigmented Ss yielding a significantly smaller illusion than lightly pigmented Ss sampled from a white population. Illusion magnitude at a reduced viewing time would seem to be a function of absolute contrast.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"872-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15624577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
Pupil-retina interaction, an analog eye response model. 瞳孔-视网膜相互作用，模拟眼反应模型。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00006
R S Morris, J R Spencer, R J Bruce, W L Johnston
{"title":"Pupil-retina interaction, an analog eye response model.","authors":"R S Morris, J R Spencer, R J Bruce, W L Johnston","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00006","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper reports the development and verification of an analog computer model of the pupilretina system. It can predict the response of the pupil and retina to any incident intensity within the range specified by a given pupil diameter versus visual signal function. If the response for a different human subject or a different range of incident intensities is desired, it can be obtained by varying either the pupillary control system, and/or the pupil diameter versus signal function.","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11","pages":"880-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15624578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dr. Carel C. Koch, November 23, 1896-November 3, 1973. 卡雷尔·c·科赫博士，1896年11月23日- 1973年11月3日。
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197311000-00002
H. Peters
{"title":"Dr. Carel C. Koch, November 23, 1896-November 3, 1973.","authors":"H. Peters","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197311000-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 11 1","pages":"851-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197311000-00002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61641650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The mental health crisis in ophthalmology. 眼科的心理健康危机
American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry Pub Date : 1973-10-01 DOI: 10.1097/00006324-197310000-00009
J Daubs
{"title":"The mental health crisis in ophthalmology.","authors":"J Daubs","doi":"10.1097/00006324-197310000-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006324-197310000-00009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78011,"journal":{"name":"American journal of optometry and archives of American Academy of Optometry","volume":"50 10","pages":"816-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1973-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00006324-197310000-00009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15625705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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