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The Influence of Fire and Other Environmental Factors on Terrestrial Gastropod Species Composition in an Oak-Hickory Woodland of West-Central Illinois 火灾和其他环境因素对伊利诺伊州中西部橡树-山核桃林地陆生腹足类物种组成的影响

IF 0.5 4区生物学

American Malacological Bulletin Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.4003/006.038.0102

Mary E. Brand, Will T. Rechkemmer, S. Clark, K. W. Mccravy, C. Lydeard, Susan T. Meiers, Seán E. Jenkins

{"title":"The Influence of Fire and Other Environmental Factors on Terrestrial Gastropod Species Composition in an Oak-Hickory Woodland of West-Central Illinois","authors":"Mary E. Brand, Will T. Rechkemmer, S. Clark, K. W. Mccravy, C. Lydeard, Susan T. Meiers, Seán E. Jenkins","doi":"10.4003/006.038.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4003/006.038.0102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Terrestrial gastropods are important herbivores, prey, and as decomposers in woodlands of the Midwestern USA. Vegetation structure and composition are dynamic and may influence gastropod abundance and distribution, but relationships among gastropod communities and environmental variables are understudied. We burned three treatment units in an oak-hickory woodland during 2004 and conducted additional burns on two of those treatment units, one in 2014 and the other in 2015. In May and August 2016, we collected leaf litter containing gastropods from transects within these three burn treatment units and used 19 environmental variables that were potentially important to gastropods. Environmental variables were associated with herbaceous and woody vegetation, ground cover, physiography, and burn history. We identified 14 species of gastropods at the study site. No significant environmental models were found for gastropod abundance, richness, effective number of species (based on Shannon entropy), or effective number of species (based on the Gini-Simpson index). Statistically significant associations among gastropods and environmental variables were seen in three species. Euchemotrema leaii was associated with areas having low coverage of shrubs and other perennials, and abundant leaf litter, whereas Neohelix alleni was positively associated with leaf litter and was abundant in areas with low total cover. Glyphyalinia indentata was associated with higher elevation transects, may be impacted by recent burning, and was found in areas with greater amounts of grasses and vines.","PeriodicalId":7779,"journal":{"name":"American Malacological Bulletin","volume":"38 1","pages":"39 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41481820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Biology and Functional Morphology of Curvemysella paula (A. Adams, 1856) (Bivalvia: Galeommatoidea: Montacutidae) Commensal with Diogenes goniochirus Forest, 1956 (Crustacea: Paguridea) on China Beach, Danang, Vietnam. 越南岘港中国海滩paula (A. Adams, 1856)(双壳亚目:Galeommatoidea: Montacutidae)与Diogenes goniochirus Forest, 1956(甲壳纲:Paguridea)共生的生物学和功能形态。

IF 0.5 4区生物学

American Malacological Bulletin Pub Date : 2017-05-22 DOI: 10.4003/006.035.0103

B. Morton

{"title":"The Biology and Functional Morphology of Curvemysella paula (A. Adams, 1856) (Bivalvia: Galeommatoidea: Montacutidae) Commensal with Diogenes goniochirus Forest, 1956 (Crustacea: Paguridea) on China Beach, Danang, Vietnam.","authors":"B. Morton","doi":"10.4003/006.035.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4003/006.035.0103","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The Indo-West Pacific montacutid Curvemysella paula(A. Adams, 1856) is the sole representative of its genus and the only known bivalve that is an obligate commensal of hermit crabs. As such, studies on it are accordingly very few. It lives in small groups byssally attached to the internal columella of the host's adopted shell. This paper describes the species from a wave-exposed beach in central Vietnam at Danang. Here, it was living with Diogenes goniochirus, but elsewhere in Hong Kong and Japan other taxa serve as hosts. The adult shell of C. paula is antero-ventrally long, deeply concave ventrally and so inequivalve as to appear twisted. Smaller individuals are more equivalve and equilateral and become deformed with age and growth. The hinge plate has a structure typical of the Montacutidae with the ligament ventrally formed into a lithodesma. Anatomically, C. paula is also unremarkable and interest in it focuses on reproduction. The species lives in small groups, the oldest and largest being a female, the smallest and youngest males. Intermediate sized individuals are hermaphroditic. Curvemysella paula is thus a protandric consecutive hermaphrodite. Prodissoconch morphology suggests that C. paula does not ctenidially brood fertilised eggs or, if so, only briefly. Further, it seems likely that there is subsequently an abbreviated lecithotrophic period of development perhaps undertaken close to the sea bed - thereby keeping the larvae close to established hermit crab and parental bivalve populations.","PeriodicalId":7779,"journal":{"name":"American Malacological Bulletin","volume":"295 9","pages":"15 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2017-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4003/006.035.0103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41290159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Rho signaling mediates cytoskeletal re-arrangements in octopus photoreceptors. Rho信号介导章鱼光感受器的细胞骨架重排。

IF 0.5 4区生物学

American Malacological Bulletin Pub Date : 2008-12-01 DOI: 10.4003/006.026.0203

Shaunté M Gray, Shannon Kelly, Laura J Robles

{"title":"Rho signaling mediates cytoskeletal re-arrangements in octopus photoreceptors.","authors":"Shaunté M Gray, Shannon Kelly, Laura J Robles","doi":"10.4003/006.026.0203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4003/006.026.0203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light sensitive rhabdoms in the octopus retina increase in cross-sectional area in the dark and shrink in the light. Growth in the dark is due to the formation of microvilli in an avillar region of the photoreceptor cell membrane and lengthening of rhabdomere microvilli already present. Diminution in the light is the result of the disassembly and shortening of the same microvilli. Each microvillus contains an actin filament core that must be assembled or disassembled in the dark or light, respectively. To understand the regulation of the construction and breakdown of rhabdomere microvilli in the light and dark, we used centrifugation to separate the rhabdom membranes followed by Western blotting and Rho pull-down assays to investigate the role of Rho GTPases in this process. Western blotting showed a difference in the distribution of Rho in rhabdom membrane and supernatant fractions. In the light, Rho was mostly present in the supernatant but in the dark it was found in the fraction enriched with rhabdom membranes. Complementing these results, pull-down assays showed that Rho is activated in the dark but in the light, Rho is mostly inactive. We believe that in the dark, activated Rho binds to the rhabdom membrane and initiates signaling pathways, leading to growth of rhabdomere microvilli. In the light, Rho is present in the soluble fraction, is inactivated, and is likely bound to a Rho GDI. Receptors involved in the activation of Rho in the dark are undetermined and may involve rhodopsin or another membrane protein.</p>","PeriodicalId":7779,"journal":{"name":"American Malacological Bulletin","volume":"26 1-2","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4003/006.026.0203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28093447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6