Kroc Foundation series最新文献

{"title":"The cytoskeletal apparatus of the intestinal brush border.","authors":"M. Mooseker, E. Bonder, K. Conzelman, D. Fishkind, C. Howe, T. Keller","doi":"10.1146/annurev.cellbio.1.1.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.1.1.209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"26 1","pages":"287-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64294186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro approaches to lymphopoiesis, hemopoiesis, and oncogenesis.","authors":"J W Schrader,&nbsp;S Schrader,&nbsp;I Clark-Lewis,&nbsp;R Crapper","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymphopoiesis still remains a black box. Much remains to be learned about the identification of the cellular stages and the factors that regulate the rate of production of lymphocytes. Modifications of the Dexter system should assist with answers to these questions. Our work on PSF and that of other groups who have studied what is almost certainly the same factor under names such as hemopoietic growth factor, IL-3, BPA or multi-CSF suggests that this factor may provide an alternative means of generating cells for transplantation and replacement therapy. At present the only established sources of PSF are the activated T cell or tumors in which we think the gene has been anomalously activated, such as WEHI-3B; the long-term bone marrow culture system, however, seems to be defining a factor or influence that may be identical with, or is able to replace, the T cell factor. Finally, our experiments with the heterogeneous P cell lines and the initiation of oncogenesis by activation of the PSF gene raise some caveats about the use of cultured cells for human therapy. In the mouse system the production of immortalized factor-dependent lines appears to be more frequent in cells taken from long-term bone marrow cultures rather than normal bone marrow. Obviously, further information on the mechanism of immortalization and on the frequency and mechanism of activation of PSF genes in such lines will be of great importance in guiding the practical use of in vitro-derived cells and in the understanding of leukemogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"18 ","pages":"293-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17217882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some functional effects of physical changes in the membranes of white cells.","authors":"M L Karnovsky,&nbsp;J A Badwey,&nbsp;J T Curnutte,&nbsp;J M Robinson,&nbsp;C B Berde,&nbsp;M J Karnovsky","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"16 ","pages":"111-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17386907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscoelastic properties of leukocytes.","authors":"S Chien,&nbsp;G W Schmid-Schönbein,&nbsp;K L Sung,&nbsp;E A Schmalzer,&nbsp;R Skalak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The viscoelastic properties of leukocytes (WBCs) during small deformation were determined by micropipette aspiration. The passive deformation behavior of neutrophils suspended in a Ca2+-free medium in response to a step aspiration pressure consists of an initial rapid, elastic response followed by a creep displacement. These time-dependent responses can be modeled by a viscoelastic solid in which an elastic element (K1) is in parallel with a Maxwell element composed of another elastic element (K2) in series with a viscous element (mu). Variations in temperature (9-40 degrees C) cause an inverse change in mu, but have no effects on K1 and K2. All three coefficients are not affected by decreases in pH down to 5.4; with pH greater than or equal to 7.8, however, K1 and mu increase. Increases in osmolality cause a rise in all three coefficients, especially mu. Colchicine treatment results in selective decreases in mu and K2 without affecting K1. B lymphocytes have viscoelastic coefficients similar to those of neutrophils, but T lymphocytes have higher values for these coefficients. In the presence of 2 mM Ca2+, the neutrophils have higher viscoelastic coefficients than in Ca2+-free medium, and they form protopods which have greater resistance than the main cell body to deformation by micropipette aspiration. Morphometric analysis shows that WBCs have large excess membrane area due to the presence of membrane foldings, which facilitate WBC deformation at constant area. During filtration through 5-micrometers sieves, WBCs are much more prone to pore plugging than erythrocytes because of their higher cellular viscosity and the presence of nucleus. The rheological properties of WBCs have significant implications in their functions and flow dynamics in the microcirculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"16 ","pages":"19-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17430753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscoelastic deformation of white cells: theory and analysis.","authors":"R Skalak,&nbsp;S Chien,&nbsp;G W Schmid-Schönbein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"16 ","pages":"3-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17642121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonally defined media and long-term marrow culture: general principles.","authors":"G H Sato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"18 ","pages":"133-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17653143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition and function of the extracellular matrix in the stroma of long-term bone marrow cell cultures.","authors":"K S Zuckerman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"18 ","pages":"157-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17457008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colony-stimulating factors and their relevance to long-term bone marrow cultures.","authors":"R K Shadduck,&nbsp;A Waheed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"18 ","pages":"339-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17457012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship of excessive white cell accumulation to vascular insufficiency in patients with leukemia.","authors":"M A Lichtman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"16 ","pages":"295-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17642120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segregation and characterization of lymphohematopoietic stromal elements.","authors":"D A Crouse,&nbsp;S L Mann,&nbsp;J G Sharp","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the mouse, long-term maintenance of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells in vitro currently requires the establishment of an appropriate adherent layer. When established employing culture medium supplemented with 20% horse serum and 10(-6) M hydrocortisone, the initial adherent layer contains primitive stem cells that are the major contributor of multipotent stem cells (CFUs) assayed subsequently in the supernatant regardless of the addition of fresh bone marrow cells. In contrast, when the adherent layer is established employing 25% fetal calf serum without hydrocortisone, few if any stem cells survive in the adherent layer. Such cultures are dependent upon a recharge with fresh bone marrow as a source of CFUs. A comparison of the latter stem cell-depleted system with the former intact system permits an evaluation of the relative contributions of the adherent layer and stem cells to the long-term maintenance of hematopoiesis in vitro. Studies of the effects of irradiation of the donor animal for the adherent layer and using the intact system demonstrated a reduction in the supernatant CFUs production that was dose- and time-related and evident at doses of 100 and 500 rads. If the adherent layer itself was irradiated immediately before refeeding, a reduction in supernatant CFUs was evident at a dose of 5 rads. These effects, both in vivo and in vitro, cannot be explained solely on the basis of cell killing. Rather, we propose that such doses inactivate, render impotent, or reduce the self-renewal capacity of stem cells that occupy a limited number of \"niches\" in the adherent layer. Although they are not killed, these impotent stem cells occupy stem cell niches but do not provide an effective contribution of CFUs to the supernatant cells. The adherent layer consists primarily of fibroblasts with significant numbers of macrophages and endothelial cells. The cellular composition of the adherent layer differs between the intact and stem cell-depleted systems in that the latter has a relatively larger proportion of endothelial cells. The composition of the adherent layer influences the type of differentiated cells in the supernatant. The stem cell-depleted adherent layer cultures had a greater proportion of granulocytes among the supernatant cells than macrophages that eventually predominate in the intact system. We have cloned stromal cells from the intact cultures and obtained several stromal cell lines by spontaneous transformation. One of these stromal cell lines (MC1) transfers at least a partial hematopoietic \"microenvironment\" (granulocytes, macrophages, erythroid cells) to ectopic sites on transplantation to syngeneic recipients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77744,"journal":{"name":"Kroc Foundation series","volume":"18 ","pages":"211-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17457009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}