{"title":"The need for aseptic barriers.","authors":"N L Belkin","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066522","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diffusion and adoption of CDC guidelines for the prevention and control of nosocomial infections in US hospitals.","authors":"D D Celentano, L L Morlock, F E Malitz","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1981, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has been publishing Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Infections as a useful reference tool in infection control. The extent to which practices recommended by CDC to reduce hospital-acquired infections have been successfully diffused and adopted were evaluated in a stratified random sample of 445 US hospitals that were sent a questionnaire in 1985. The data suggest that over 84% of infection control practitioner respondents (78% response rate) are aware of each guideline, although small hospitals (less than 50 beds) are least likely to be aware of the guidelines or to have reviewed them thoroughly. Adoption of the recommendations remains far from universal, ranging from 23% to 75% for 16 specific recommendations investigated. Smaller hospitals were significantly less likely than large hospitals to have adopted each suggested policy. Recommendations that carried Category I rankings were more likely to be adopted, as were those procedures that had cost-savings implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"415-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13960855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Survey on testing criteria and reporting methods for human immunodeficiency virus serologic tests in Veterans Administration Medical Centers.","authors":"S Mottice, S Matsumiya, L Reimer","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guidelines for the indications for use, requirements for consent, and mechanisms for reporting of serologic tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are not standardized. In trying to establish such guidelines for our hospital, we surveyed all Veterans Administration Medical Centers regarding their current approach to testing both patients and employees. Infection control practitioners from 67 hospitals representing 37 states responded. Patients are likely to be tested for diverse reasons, unlikely to be counseled about the test or be required to consent to it, and test results are given no special precautions. Although 66% of the respondents do not use any extra precautions concerning patient confidentiality, 80% utilize more stringent criteria for testing and result-reporting with employees than patients. Thus, while the majority of hospitals maintain that current modes of confidentiality are acceptable for patients, practice suggests that these modes are considered inadequate for employees.</p>","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"407-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066571","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14622580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vibrio vulnificus.","authors":"H Ratner","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>V vulnificus is a halophilic or salt-requiring vibrio that has been isolated repeatedly from seawater and shellfish in coastal waters. This vibrio, first described by Hollis et al in 1976, can be differentiated from other similar vibrios by its ability to ferment lactose and by its lower tolerance for sodium chloride. V vulnificus, unlike most other vibrios, has seldom been incriminated as a cause of gastroenteritis but is a particularly virulent organism that causes severe wound infections in mostly healthy persons, or causes primary septicemia in persons with an underlying chronic disease, particularly chronic liver disease. Wound infections may range from relatively mild to severe and rapidly progressive cellulitis and myositis. Approximately 50% of patients with wound infections have some type of chronic underlying disease and the mortality rate is in the range of 15%. Wound infections are almost always associated with contact with seawater or the handling or cleaning of shellfish. Patients with primary septicemia have fever, chills, and prostration, and rapidly become hypotensive. Over 70% have distinctive bullous skin lesions that can strongly suggest the diagnosis in a patient with the appropriate history. The mortality rate is over 50%. There is a striking association between eating raw oysters and primary septicemia, with patients usually reporting having eaten raw oysters (or other shellfish) 24 to 48 hours before onset of symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"430-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066625","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An outbreak of scabies among employees in a hospital-associated commercial laundry.","authors":"M C Thomas, D H Giedinghagen, G L Hoff","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"427-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joan F. GardnerDPhil ; Margaret M. PeelPhD Introduction to Sterilization and Disinfection New York, Churchill Livingstone, 1986","authors":"W. Rutala","doi":"10.1017/S0195941700066637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0195941700066637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 1","pages":"434 - 434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/S0195941700066637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57196036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An appropriate category of isolation for antibiotic resistant organisms.","authors":"I Gurevich, B Yannelli, B A Cunha","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"400-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The detection of blood on nonporous environmental surfaces: an approach for assessing factors contributing to the risk of occupational exposure to blood in the autopsy suite.","authors":"L R Beaumont","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A simple and inexpensive method to assess the contamination of environmental surfaces and the associated potential risk of exposure of autopsy room personnel to potentially hazardous materials is described. Blood was selected as a marker of contamination and HEMASTIX reagent strips were used to determine its presence on selected surfaces. The surfaces selected for examination typically do not come into direct contact with cadavers or tissues during a routine postmortem examination and thus are not included in routine cleanup. We documented the presence of blood on a variety of environmental surfaces in the autopsy suite and suggest that the contamination resulted from a breakdown in good work practices, most probably the indiscriminate handling or touching of materials and equipment with contaminated gloves. The risk of exposure to blood by the indirect route was deemed significant. The results of this study underscore the importance of establishing and consistently following good work practices and cleanup procedures to minimize the risk of exposure to blood before, during, and after postmortem examinations.</p>","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"424-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066601","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The relationship between APIC and SHEA: \"closely watched trains\".","authors":"G W Counts","doi":"10.1017/s019594170006656x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s019594170006656x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"404-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s019594170006656x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HIV infection per needlestick in health care workers.","authors":"L M Baddour","doi":"10.1017/s0195941700066546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700066546","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77726,"journal":{"name":"Infection control : IC","volume":"8 10","pages":"402-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/s0195941700066546","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14787360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}