NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute最新文献_第7页

Consensus statement: the Management of Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Panel. 共识声明:临床局限性前列腺癌的管理。美国国立卫生研究院共识发展小组。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of pentose cycle of A549 cells by 6-aminonicotinamide: consequences for aerobic and hypoxic radiation response and for radiosensitizer action. 6-氨基烟碱酰胺对A549细胞戊糖循环的抑制:对有氧和缺氧辐射反应和辐射增敏作用的影响。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

M E Varnes

{"title":"Inhibition of pentose cycle of A549 cells by 6-aminonicotinamide: consequences for aerobic and hypoxic radiation response and for radiosensitizer action.","authors":"M E Varnes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolism of glucose via the pentose cycle is a principal source of NADPH, an important cellular reducing species. Both aerobic and hypoxic irradiation stimulate the pentose cycle activity of A549 human lung carcinoma cells, which indicates that NADPH is utilized during irradiation, either as a direct hydrogen donor or as a cofactor for enzymatic repair of radiation damage. To evaluate the role of the pentose cycle in radiation response, we treated A549 cells with 6-aminonicotinamide (6-AN), which blocks the oxidative limb of this pathway in some cell lines. We found 6-AN to be a very effective inhibitor of pentose cycle activity, as indicated both by accumulation of 6-phosphogluconate in A549 cells and by the inability of nitrofurazone or peroxide to stimulate release of 14CO2 from 14C-1-labeled glucose after 6-AN treatment. Effects of 6-AN were time and concentration dependent; it caused partial inhibition of glycolysis but had no effect on respiratory rate or on intracellular glutathione levels. Effects of 6-AN on radiation response were examined under two conditions: 1) after treatment with 0.3 mM drug for 5 hours, which inhibited pentose cycle activity by 50%, and 2) after treatment for 15 hours, which completely inhibited pentose cycle activity. Neither treatment affected aerobic radiation response, but both increased hypoxic sensitivity to a similar extent, with the oxygen enhancement ratio reduced from 3.0 to 2.0 at a 0.05 surviving fraction. Treatment of A549 cells with 6-AN caused an increase in hypoxic cell radiosensitization by misonidazole, but effects of the combined agents were not more than additive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 6","pages":"199-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14099647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemotherapy for prostate carcinoma. 前列腺癌的化疗。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

M A Eisenberger

引用次数: 0

Hormonal therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer. 局部晚期前列腺癌的激素治疗。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

A B Einstein

{"title":"Hormonal therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer.","authors":"A B Einstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A patient with locally advanced prostate cancer (stages C and D1) has a poor prognosis with a high risk of developing and dying of distant metastases. Hormonal therapy is the major form of systemic therapy for metastatic (stage D2) prostate cancer. The most commonly used forms of hormonal therapy are orchiectomy, diethylstilbestrol, and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, agonists that prevent the stimulation of tumor cells by testosterone. They produce a 60%-80% symptomatic or objective response rate, but their ability to prolong overall survival remains uncertain. Surgical adrenalectomy, hypophysectomy, and pharmacologic adrenal suppression prevent the clinically less significant adrenal androgen stimulation of tumor cells. Antiandrogens competitively inhibit the interaction between androgens and cytosolic androgen receptors. Complete androgen blockade (luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist and antiandrogen) was initially espoused to be superior to single-agent hormonal therapy, but preliminary results from a multigroup randomized trial suggest that it has only a minimal advantage. The benefit of hormonal therapy in stages C and D1 prostate cancer at the time of diagnosis has not been clearly established. Available studies are few, and most often they are uncontrolled or include only small numbers of patients. However, they suggest that the early use of hormonal therapy prolongs disease-free survival but does not prevent ultimate disease progression or prolong overall survival. Hormone receptor assays may be helpful in the selection of patients who would benefit from early hormonal therapy.","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 7","pages":"171-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14183167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Platinum levels in murine tumor following intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin or paraplatin. 腹腔注射顺铂或铂后小鼠肿瘤中的铂水平。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

E B Douple, M D Totten, F Spencer

{"title":"Platinum levels in murine tumor following intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin or paraplatin.","authors":"E B Douple, M D Totten, F Spencer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To design protocols for exploitation of the potential for interaction among the platinum (Pt) chemotherapeutic agents cisplatin and paraplatin and radiation therapy, we measured levels of total platinum in a transplantable murine mammary adenocarcinoma (MTG-B) at different times after ip injection of platinum drugs and in various regimens. Cisplatin (20 mg/kg body weight) or paraplatin (60 or 120 mg/kg body weight) were injected ip in female C3H/HeJ mice bearing MTG-B of about 1 cm diameter. At various times after injection, tumors were removed and processed for acid digestion and total platinum analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry with a graphite furnace. The results of these experiments indicate that intratumoral Pt levels 15 minutes postinjection are higher than at 5 or 30 minutes. At 30 minutes, the Pt concentrations are of the magnitudes of 30 and 50 microM for cisplatin and paraplatin, respectively, that, when added to cells in vitro in combination with radiation therapy, produce the potentiation of cell killing. In addition, for paraplatin, intratumoral Pt levels at 30 minutes following an ip injection are approximately doubled if the tumors receive localized radiotherapy of 20 Gy immediately prior to injection of the drug. This apparent modification of paraplatin pharmacokinetics by radiotherapy might account for some of the supra-additive therapeutic potentiation in MTG-B reported for paraplatin added after irradiation.","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 6","pages":"129-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14408201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concomitant therapy with infusion of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil plus radiation in head and neck cancer. 顺铂和5-氟尿嘧啶输注加放疗治疗头颈癌。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

S G Taylor, A K Murthy, J Showel, D D Caldarelli, J C Hutchinson, L D Holinger

{"title":"Concomitant therapy with infusion of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil plus radiation in head and neck cancer.","authors":"S G Taylor, A K Murthy, J Showel, D D Caldarelli, J C Hutchinson, L D Holinger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We have combined cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil infusion, and radiation in an every-other-week schedule in a phase I-II study of 44 patients with head and neck cancer to assess toxicity and response. Ten patients were treated palliatively with 2 to 6 cycles of therapy, and 34 were treated curatively with a planned 7 cycles. Of 34 patients treated curatively, all were initially controlled. Three died during treatment (1 myocardial infarction, 1 bowel perforation, and 1 renal failure after amino-glycoside antibiotics). Four patients have had regional recurrences, 7 failed at distant sites (follow-up 2 to 5 yr). Thirty-three percent of 20 patients with complete clinical disappearance of all evidence of their cancer have had a recurrence, as have 38% of 14 (P greater than .1) with some residual abnormalities (partial responders) following treatment. All failures were in the 25 patients with T4 and/or N3 disease. None of the 9 patients with lesser stage IV or stage III disease who were followed for 24 months or more had recurrences. Eighteen patients (53%) survive with a projected 3-year survival of 63% (95% confidence interval 47% to 77%). Nine (27%) have died of disease, 1 (3%) died of a second primary in the head and neck, 3 (9%) of intercurrent disease at 15 to 45 months, and 3 (9%) during treatment. Of the 10 patients treated palliatively, 1 died during treatment with hepatic failure, 6 had complete responses, and 2 had partial responses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 6","pages":"343-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14479618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of interaction between radiation and drugs with potential for improvements in therapy. 放射与药物之间相互作用的机制，具有改善治疗的潜力。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

I F Tannock, D Rotin

引用次数: 0

Ten-year results of randomized trial comparing radiotherapy and concomitant bleomycin to radiotherapy alone in epidermoid carcinomas of the oropharynx: experience of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. 比较放疗联合博来霉素与单独放疗治疗口咽部表皮样癌的十年随机试验结果:欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织的经验

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

F Eschwege, H Sancho-Garnier, J P Gerard, M Madelain, A DeSaulty, A Jortay, Y Cachin

{"title":"Ten-year results of randomized trial comparing radiotherapy and concomitant bleomycin to radiotherapy alone in epidermoid carcinomas of the oropharynx: experience of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer.","authors":"F Eschwege, H Sancho-Garnier, J P Gerard, M Madelain, A DeSaulty, A Jortay, Y Cachin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This trial of treatment for head and neck carcinoma was initiated in 1973 by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Its purpose was to investigate the value of single-agent chemotherapy with bleomycin (BLM) given during the course of a conventional treatment by external radiotherapy (RT) compared to treatment by external RT alone. In this randomized study, we compared treatment results in 2 groups of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx (T2, T3, and T4; International Union Against Cancer classification). One group of 92 patients was treated by RT at the prescribed dose of 70 Gy. The other group of 107 patients received radiation according to the same protocol and simultaneously received im injection of BLM at a dose of 15 mg twice a week, 2 hours prior to the session of RT, for a total dose of 150 mg in 5 weeks. The occurrence of local toxic effects (i.e., mucositis and epidermatitis) was significantly greater in the RT-BLM group (RT-BLM, 72%, vs. RT, 21%). Primary tumor response 6 weeks after completion of RT was the same in both arms of the study (RT, 68%, vs. RT-BLM, 67%). The 6-year survival rate was 24% (RT-BLM) versus 22% (RT). Long-term analysis (10 yr) is given.","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 6","pages":"275-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13596845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of continuous infusion of bleomycin on repopulation in mouse lip mucosa during fractionated irradiation. 连续输注博来霉素对分级辐照下小鼠唇黏膜再生的影响。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

L Vanuytsel, Y Feng, W Landuyt, E van der Schueren

引用次数: 0

Randomized series of treatment with surgery versus radiation for prostate adenocarcinoma. 前列腺癌的随机系列手术与放疗治疗。

NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1988-01-01

D F Paulson

{"title":"Randomized series of treatment with surgery versus radiation for prostate adenocarcinoma.","authors":"D F Paulson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In the early 1970s, a multicentered cooperative group effort was established by urologists and oncologists to examine the relative disease control provided by surgery, radiation therapy, or observation for patients with localized or regional disease. The data derived from this trial were controversial because they 1) did not support previous concepts regarding the relative impact of treatment and 2) raised provocative questions as to the interpretation of previous institutional reports that promoted a single treatment modality. The data from the randomized trial demonstrated that: 1) bipedal lymphangiography could not demonstrate accurately the presence or absence of microscopic involvement of pelvic lymphatic structures, 2) treatment selection should be based on the anatomic distribution of disease; 3) a clinician's use of first appearance of local or distant disease in a patient who was supposedly disease free after receiving the chosen therapy served as an accurate way to define the impact of the initial treatment; 4) radical surgery was more effective than radiation therapy in controlling disease that was clinically confined to the primary organ of origin; and 5) the apparent disease control produced by radiation on large-volume, localized disease might only reflect the natural history of the disease.","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 7","pages":"127-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14183164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0