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NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute最新文献

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Nursing management of acute oral complications of cancer. 癌症急性口腔并发症的护理管理。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
A R Bavier
{"title":"Nursing management of acute oral complications of cancer.","authors":"A R Bavier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review evaluates the state of the science and art of nursing management of acute oral complications of cancer. Published general oral hygiene protocols are reviewed briefly, and modifications to routine nursing care for hemorrhage, infection, pain, and problems associated with radiation to the head and neck are explored. There is a scarcity of research on which to base recommendations. The literature is primarily anecdotal or based on reports of experience at a single institution. Inconsistencies among such reports are numerous and have a detrimental effect on nursing management, as various clinicians provide different patient care instruction. Known principles, e.g., the need for adequate plaque removal and infection control, form the basis for nursing guidelines. Research is needed to guide clinical decision making, especially in defining the use of toothbrush substitutes. Problems in pain management appear to arise from inadequate application of known pain management principles. Since many of the oral complications are interrelated, nursing management must also take an integrated approach, and nursing care research must be conducted in the context of multidisciplinary care. Careful transfer of current research-based knowledge to practice and future research will help to achieve high-quality nursing management of acute oral complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"123-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13340433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral complications of cancer therapies. Oral complications in the pediatric population. 癌症治疗的口腔并发症。儿科人群的口腔并发症。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
P J Leggott
{"title":"Oral complications of cancer therapies. Oral complications in the pediatric population.","authors":"P J Leggott","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A number of acute oral complications may be associated with cancer therapy in children, but the extent and duration of these complications, and the most effective management techniques. have not been well described. The few studies differ in design, making comparisons difficult. Well-controlled, prospective clinical studies are needed to define the most effective strategies for the management of acute oral complications in children. However, it is clear that dental intervention prior to cancer therapy is an important factor in the optimal preparation of the patient. During cancer therapy, intensive supervised oral preventive protocols appear to be of benefit to the child's oral health, overall comfort, and well-being. Furthermore, the prevention of oral infection may significantly reduce the morbidity associated with cancer therapy. Long-term preventive oral care may help prevent dental disease and infection in medically compromised children and contribute to improving the quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"129-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13340434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Consensus statement: oral complications of cancer therapies. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Panel. 共识声明:癌症治疗的口腔并发症。美国国立卫生研究院共识发展小组。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
{"title":"Consensus statement: oral complications of cancer therapies. National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Panel.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13341705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral complications of cancer therapies. Management of mucositis during therapy. 癌症治疗的口腔并发症。治疗期间粘膜炎的处理。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
C Miaskowski
{"title":"Oral complications of cancer therapies. Management of mucositis during therapy.","authors":"C Miaskowski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reviews the purposes of an oral care protocol, the major components of an oral care regimen, and oral care protocols and studies done to date. Many questions remain in the area of optimal oral care for the patient experiencing mucositis as a sequela of cancer treatment. Research is needed on types and use of mouth rinses, effective, harmless, and pleasant lip lubricants, appropriate analgesic and anti-inflammatory combinations, and the effectiveness of a variety of devices for oral cleansing, to name a few areas. As outpatient oncology services grow, oral care protocols must be developed to meet the needs of ambulatory patient populations. Oral care regimens must be safe, easy to use, and economical as well as effective to ensure patient and staff compliance. Research on the management of mucositis must be conducted in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Finally, in order to obtain sufficient sample sizes and optimize data collection, these studies will need to be conducted by multidisciplinary teams (including dentists, oncologists, radiation therapists, and nurses) across multiple sites. Not until large-scale clinical trials are done on the treatment of mucositis will we be able to optimize the therapeutic regimen for the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"95-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13341708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral complications of cancer therapies. Essential aspects of a pretreatment oral examination. 癌症治疗的口腔并发症。预处理口腔检查的基本方面。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
P Stevenson-Moore
{"title":"Oral complications of cancer therapies. Essential aspects of a pretreatment oral examination.","authors":"P Stevenson-Moore","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain disease entities or their management impose conditions that heighten risks of oral complications or systemic complications of oral origin. The pretreatment oral examination attempts to identify the main factors that will cause risk so that steps may be taken to control or eliminate as many as practical before treatment is begun. Additional tests may be indicated to provide more detailed information on which to base clinical diagnoses and oral therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"33-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13491676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral complications of cancer therapies. Surveillance cultures. 癌症治疗的口腔并发症。监测的文化。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
S C Schimpff
{"title":"Oral complications of cancer therapies. Surveillance cultures.","authors":"S C Schimpff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surveillance cultures can be defined as an attempt to take microbiologic inventory, usually for bacteria and fungi, occasionally for viruses, at predetermined times during a patient's clinical course. They are useful in understanding the epidemiology of infection, evaluating techniques of infection prevention, assaying the effectiveness of preventive techniques, and guiding therapeutic decisions when empiric antimicrobial therapy is indicated. As such, they are most frequently used for patients at high risk of infection, such as those with acute leukemia receiving remission induction chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation therapy. The sites sampled most frequently for surveillance cultures are the nose, oral cavity (pharynx or gingiva), and either the perianum or a stool specimen. Since hospital microbiology laboratories are not designed for the requirements of surveillance culturing, it is essential that such cultures only be obtained following appropriate communication and agreement with the laboratory directors.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13265960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of herpes simplex virus reactivation in chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. 单纯疱疹病毒再活化在化疗诱导的口腔黏膜炎中的作用。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
S W Redding
{"title":"Role of herpes simplex virus reactivation in chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis.","authors":"S W Redding","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactivation of oral herpes simplex virus (HSV) is very common in patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation. Numerous studies have shown the incidence rate of reactivation to be between 50% and 90% in these populations. Other studies have attempted to correlate oral mucositis and HSV reactivation. From 37% to 68% of all oral mucositis lesions were culture positive in mixed populations of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplant patients. The lesions that were culture positive tended to be more severe than those that were culture negative. These lesions were also atypical in that they involved any perioral and intraoral surface. Patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy should have any mucositis lesions evaluated for HSV, including laboratory testing, and should be treated aggressively with acyclovir. Certain groups, such as bone marrow transplant and leukemia patients who are seropositive, should be considered for acyclovir prophylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"103-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13313946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Oral complications of cancer therapies. Pretreatment oral assessment. 癌症治疗的口腔并发症。预处理口腔评估。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
S T Sonis, P D Woods, B A White
{"title":"Oral complications of cancer therapies. Pretreatment oral assessment.","authors":"S T Sonis,&nbsp;P D Woods,&nbsp;B A White","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals undergoing cancer therapy may be at risk for a wide variety of oral problems that can significantly affect morbidity and mortality. Pretreatment oral assessment of these patients is an opportunity to identify and eliminate potential sources of sepsis and irritation. While preliminary studies strongly support the efficacy of pretreatment oral screening programs, a number of issues have yet to be addressed relative to patient-related and cost-related outcomes. Such studies should provide specific data regarding the focus of oral screening for specific malignancies, forms of cancer therapy, and oral pathology. As the aggressiveness of cancer therapy increases, comprehensive oral evaluation with clinical, radiographic, and adjunctive components before treatment is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"29-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13491675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pretreatment oral health care interventions for radiation patients. 放疗患者的预处理口腔保健干预。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
W E Wright
{"title":"Pretreatment oral health care interventions for radiation patients.","authors":"W E Wright","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals undergoing head and neck radiation treatments and cytotoxic chemotherapy for cancer are at risk for a variety of deleterious oral side effects. This added potential for oral problems places the cancer patient in a special category for oral health care management. Pretreatment intervention regimens directed at the supporting tissues of the teeth can effectively remove dental calculus deposits and cementum-imbedded bacterial toxins and reverse the inflammatory state of the periodontium back to normal. A variety of patient-applied fluoride agents are extremely effective in preventing severe radiation-associated dental decay, which is likely to occur after salivary gland dysfunction. Deficiencies in current patient management protocols and areas of current research are noted. Two essentials for a successful patient management program are emphasized: early referral of the patient to a knowledgeable dental team to ensure pre-cancer treatment oral health care intervention and long-term maintenance, and a family-oriented education and motivation program to enhance patient understanding and compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"57-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13492300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implications of cancer therapy to the head and neck on growth and development and other delayed effects. 癌症治疗对头颈部生长发育的影响及其他延迟效应。
NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute Pub Date : 1990-01-01
J E Sanders
{"title":"Implications of cancer therapy to the head and neck on growth and development and other delayed effects.","authors":"J E Sanders","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>These studies of late effects related to cancer treatment to the head and neck demonstrate that these patients may develop a variety of abnormalities, the majority of which occur after irradiation. Once a child is \"cured\" of a primary malignant disorder, visits to oncologists usually continue but decrease in frequency. Regular visits to the dentist continue and are usually at least a biannual event. Attention to the details of the patient's previous medical history is of paramount importance if the delayed effects discussed here are to be suspected and recognized. Early diagnosis of thyroid and GH deficiencies and institution of appropriate hormone treatment may improve these children's growth and development. Recognition of cataracts and dry-eye syndrome is important to prevent visual difficulties. Careful oral examination and attention to the patient's general overall neurological presentation is an important adjunct to diagnosis of learning difficulties and early recognition of second tumors of the head and neck.</p>","PeriodicalId":77576,"journal":{"name":"NCI monographs : a publication of the National Cancer Institute","volume":" 9","pages":"163-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13341701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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