Perspectives on developmental neurobiology最新文献_第2页

Transmitting transmitter phenotypes in brain development. 在大脑发育过程中传递递质表型。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

M Götz

引用次数: 0

Differentially expressed GABAA-receptor subunits result in structurally and functionally receptor assemblies following excitatory afferent synaptic transmission. 不同表达的gabaa受体亚基导致兴奋性传入突触传递后的结构和功能受体组装。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

D R Grayson, W Zhu, B T Harris, S Vicini, T Zheng

{"title":"Differentially expressed GABAA-receptor subunits result in structurally and functionally receptor assemblies following excitatory afferent synaptic transmission.","authors":"D R Grayson, W Zhu, B T Harris, S Vicini, T Zheng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cerebellar granule cells isolated from postnatal day 7 rat pups are ideal for studying epigenetic events associated with the regulation of neuronal gene expression. These cultures contain from 90 to 95% glutamatergic granule cells and express mRNAs encoding a variety of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors as well as virtually all of the GABAA-receptor subunit mRNAs to different extents. A unique feature of this culture system is that the neurons undergo time-dependent maturation changes in vitro that mimic many of the characteristics of these receptors occurring in vivo. Granule cell cultures in vitro require depolarizing concentrations of KCl for long-term growth and survival. Both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and GABA have been reported to exert trophic actions on these cells replacing the requirement for maintaining the cultures in high KCl. Cerebellar granule cells maintained under different conditions in vitro can be induced to alter their patterns of maturation, as indicated by the different temporal changes in gene expression of receptor subunit mRNAs and proteins. The focus of the current studies is the effect of NMDA afferent synaptic signaling on the changes in mRNA content and functional properties of GABAA receptors and how this may relate to comparable changes shown to occur in vivo.","PeriodicalId":77321,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on developmental neurobiology","volume":"5 2-3","pages":"193-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20690960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional coupling of neurotransmitters with second messengers during cleavage divisions: facts and hypotheses. 卵裂分裂过程中神经递质与第二信使的功能耦合:事实与假设。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

Y B Shmukier, G A Buznikov

引用次数: 0

Neurotransmitters and neurotrophins collaborate to influence brain development. 神经递质和神经营养因子共同影响大脑发育。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

C F Dreyfus

引用次数: 0

Developmental expression of cerebellar GABAA-receptor subunit mRNAs. Nature versus nurture. 小脑gabaa受体亚基mrna的发育表达。先天vs后天。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

R E Siegel

引用次数: 0

Early developmental modulation of GABAA receptor function. Influence on adaptive responses. GABAA受体功能的早期发育调节。对适应性反应的影响。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

C K Kellogg

{"title":"Early developmental modulation of GABAA receptor function. Influence on adaptive responses.","authors":"C K Kellogg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"If GABA is serving a trophic role during early brain development, before taking on its function as a neurotransmitter, interference with the function of GABA during this period should have a profound influence on neural organization. We have addressed this hypothesis by evaluating the effects of exposing rat fetuses to diazepam (DZ), a positive modulator of GABA at the GABAA receptor, over gestation days 14 to 20. Studies have shown that adult rats exposed in utero to DZ over this developmental period make inappropriate behavioral responses and have altered neural and hormonal responses to environmental stimuli that threaten the organism's stability and homeostasis. Thus, the early exposure led to altered adaptive responses. These effects of the early exposure did not become apparent until late in adolescent development. Furthermore, specific behavioral and neural responses to environmental challenges normally emerge over adolescent development. Other studies have shown that the GABAA receptor in adult brains is responsive to environmental challenges. Thus, we hypothesize that early modulation of the action of GABA mediated via the GABAA receptor interfered with the neural organization of adaptive responses.","PeriodicalId":77321,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on developmental neurobiology","volume":"5 2-3","pages":"219-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20690879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GABA as a developmental neurotransmitter in the outer plexiform layer of the vertebrate retina. GABA在脊椎动物视网膜外丛状层中的发育性神经递质。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

D Redburn-Johnson

引用次数: 0

GABA as a developmental signal in the inner retina and optic nerve. GABA在视网膜内和视神经中的发育信号。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

J H Sandell

引用次数: 0

Partial deafferentation of the developing rat spinal cord delays the spontaneous repression of GAD67 mRNAs in spinal cells. 发育中的大鼠脊髓部分去神经传递延迟了脊髓细胞中GAD67 mrna的自发抑制。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

S Feldblum, M Anoal, S Lapsher, A Dumoulin, A Privat

{"title":"Partial deafferentation of the developing rat spinal cord delays the spontaneous repression of GAD67 mRNAs in spinal cells.","authors":"S Feldblum, M Anoal, S Lapsher, A Dumoulin, A Privat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Early and ubiquitous detection of GABA in the rat spinal cord before the occurrence of synaptogenesis has led to the concept of a neurotrophic role of GABA, in addition to a promoting effect on neurite extension and neurodevelopment. The aim of this study was to further establish, in vivo, evidence for a link between the maturation of spinal cord innervation and the regulation of several isoforms of the synthetic enzymes of GABA, the glutamic acid decarboxylases GAD65, GAD67, and EP10, the embryonic truncated form of GAD67. Neonatal capsaicin treatment was used to induce a specific loss of afferent fibers (unmyelinated C fibers, thin myelinated fibers A delta) to the dorsal horn. The regulation of various GAD mRNAs was investigated using sensitive techniques such as RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. The sensitivity of the methods was further enhanced by the use of a gaseous detector (beta-imager) to quantitate the mRNAs species. After neonatal capsaicin treatment, higher levels of GAD67 mRNA were detected transiently during the postnatal development of the rat spinal cord. A maximum two-fold increase of GAD67 mRNA was found on the day following the capsaicin injection and reached control values within 3 weeks. In contrast, GAD65 mRNA levels remained low and were unaffected by the treatment, and EP10 was not detected. In addition, we have found a similar upregulation, with the same time course, of the cytoskeletal protein beta-actin. The capsaicin-induction of mRNA synthesis was, however, two-fold greater for beta-actin than for GAD67. Moreover, since this upregulation of GAD67 mRNA coincides with the sprouting of unaffected afferent fibers and of 5HT axons, one can hypothesize that GAD67 participates in the structural plasticity occurring in reaction to the capsaicin-induced partial deafferentation.","PeriodicalId":77321,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on developmental neurobiology","volume":"5 2-3","pages":"131-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20690955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GABA-immunoreactive cells of the cortical primordium contribute to distinctly fated neuronal populations. 皮质原基的gaba免疫反应细胞对不同命运的神经元群有贡献。

Perspectives on developmental neurobiology Pub Date : 1998-01-01

A Fairén, G Alvarez-Bolado, I DeDiego, A Smith-Fernández

{"title":"GABA-immunoreactive cells of the cortical primordium contribute to distinctly fated neuronal populations.","authors":"A Fairén, G Alvarez-Bolado, I DeDiego, A Smith-Fernández","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The roles of GABA during development, as either a putative neurotransmitter or a nonsynaptic trophic factor, are being discussed intensely in recent literature. We offer an anatomical framework to better understand these possible roles in the developing cerebral cortex. During the early development of the cerebral cortex, GABA-containing cells constitute an outstanding cell population in the primordial plexiform layer, but they later distribute into at least four compartments. These include (1) Cajal-Retzius cells in layer I and (2) the subplate cells. Certain of these GABA-containing cell groups may disappear either by ceasing their expression of GABA, dilution in a growing brain volume, or cell death, possibilities that are reviewed here. The chemical tags that characterize Cajal-Retzius cells, both in the forming isocortex and Ammon's horn, are discussed. Another cell population that also belongs to the primordial plexiform layer is formed by (3) the tangentially migrating cells of the deep intermediate layer. These migrate away from the isocortical primordium to invade, and contribute cells to, the forming stratum oriens of the Ammon's horn. Since these cells cross cortical area boundaries, their tangential migration is relevant to the issue of cortical area specification during development. Finally, GABA-immunoreactive cells in the developing cortical plate are considered to be (4) the future GABAergic interneurons. A hypothetical mechanism is presented here to explain their acquisition of laminar positions, which is known to take place simultaneously, and with an identical \"inside-out gradient,\" to the pyramidal cells generated contemporarily.","PeriodicalId":77321,"journal":{"name":"Perspectives on developmental neurobiology","volume":"5 2-3","pages":"159-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20690957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0