Health technology assessment reports最新文献_第2页

Electroencephalographic (EEG) video monitoring. 脑电图(EEG)视频监控。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1990-01-01

M Erlichman

{"title":"Electroencephalographic (EEG) video monitoring.","authors":"M Erlichman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencephalographic (EEG) video monitoring is the simultaneous documentation of the clinical and electroencephalographic manifestations of seizures. The video recording permits repeated viewing of the clinical sequence and enables comparisons with recordings of known seizures. Epilepsy is a clinical diagnosis in which most cases can be characterized with the standard clinical history, examination, and EEG. Studies of the treatment of intractable seizures (unsatisfactory control of seizure) indicate that more complex cases may require the data obtained with EEG video monitoring. For patients with intractable seizures, EEG video monitoring may help to confirm or support a diagnosis of epilepsy or confirm or support a differential diagnosis of physiologic or psychogenic seizures (nonepileptic attacks) from epilepsy. Monitoring also may provide a more accurate classification of the epileptic seizures and, for patients evaluated for surgical treatment, establish clinical focality. Estimates of the percentage of epilepsy patients requiring EEG video monitoring range from 5 to 30 percent. The average length of monitoring is approximately 10 to 16 days. In some cases outpatient monitoring in conjunction with activation procedures provides patient evaluation in only 6 to 8 hours.","PeriodicalId":77156,"journal":{"name":"Health technology assessment reports","volume":" 4","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13259230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implantation of the automatic cardioverter-defibrillator. 植入自动心脏转复除颤器。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1990-01-01

H Handelsman

{"title":"Implantation of the automatic cardioverter-defibrillator.","authors":"H Handelsman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) is an electronic device that can be implanted in patients identified as being at high risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF). This device continuously monitors heart rhythm, senses malignant arrhythmias, and aborts them by means of an electronic shock. A previous assessment of the AICD concluded that the device is safe and clinically effective in patients selected on the basis of the demonstration of inducibile Vt/VF during baseline electrophysiological study (EPS). Recent clinical experience and data have indicated that the risk of recurrent VT/VF or SCD in survivors of prior episodes is significant and unpredictable, and that inducibility at baseline EPS cannot reliably discriminate all patients who might be at either high or low risk, or responders to any therapy. Although optimal treatment for noninducible patients remains controversial, the AICD is no longer regarded as a treatment of last resort and is frequently applied as the treatment of choice in patients who are resuscitated from SCD, unassociated with a concurrent myocardial infarction, and in whom a sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia cannot be induced in the electrophysiological laboratory.","PeriodicalId":77156,"journal":{"name":"Health technology assessment reports","volume":" 10","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of liver transplantation. 肝移植的评估。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1990-01-01 DOI: 10.1201/9781498712699-6

S. Hotta

引用次数: 10

Patient selection criteria for electrostimulation of salivary production in the treatment of xerostomia secondary to Sjogren's syndrome. 电刺激唾液分泌治疗干燥综合征继发口干的患者选择标准。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1990-01-01

M Erlichman

{"title":"Patient selection criteria for electrostimulation of salivary production in the treatment of xerostomia secondary to Sjogren's syndrome.","authors":"M Erlichman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Electrostimulation has been introduced as a technique for increasing salivary output in the treatment of patients with xerostomia (dry mouth) secondary to Sjogren's syndrome. The procedure uses an electrostimulation device (salivation electrostimulator) to increase salivary production from existing glandular tissue. The device delivers a low-voltage electrical stimulus to the mouth via a probe. Patients with residual salivary tissue in the oral and pharyngeal regions who demonstrate a decrease in the flow rate of saliva are potential candidates for this procedure. It is estimated that more than one million people in the United States, predominantly middle-aged and elderly women, suffer from Sjogren's syndrome. Patients with chronic xerostomia complain of a continual feeling of oral dryness and have difficulty eating dry foods. These patients are susceptible to increased caries, oral pain, infection, and have difficulty speaking, chewing, and swallowing. The approach to the treatment of xerostomia in Sjogren's patients is usually determined by the level of severity of the symptoms. Appropriate management of patients with xerostomia requires that those patients whose salivary flow can be increased by means of sialagogues be distinguished from those patients whose salivary flow is either unaffected or insufficiently stimulated. To alleviate some of the complications due to salivary dysfunction in those patients who respond to stimuli, pharmacologic sialagogues as well as sialagogues that include sugarless gums, mints and candies are prescribed in order to increase salivary flow. Recently, electrostimulation via a hand-held stimulus probe has been introduced as a method of treatment in xerostomia secondary to Sjogren's syndrome.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77156,"journal":{"name":"Health technology assessment reports","volume":" 8","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12542617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extracranial-intracranial bypass to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke. 颅外-颅内旁路术降低缺血性脑卒中的风险。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1990-01-01

T V Holohan

引用次数: 0

Assessment of liver transplantation. 肝移植的评估。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1990-01-01

S S Hotta

引用次数: 0

The role of speech language pathologists in the management of dysphagia, 1989. 语言病理学家在吞咽困难治疗中的作用，1989。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1989-01-01

M Erlichman

{"title":"The role of speech language pathologists in the management of dysphagia, 1989.","authors":"M Erlichman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Speech-language pathologists involved in the management of patients with dysphagia provide services that include evaluation, diagnosis, and rehabilitation. Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder that may be due to various neurological, structural, and cognitive deficits. While dysphagia can afflict any age group, it most often presents among the elderly. Rehabilitation efforts by the speech-language pathologist are undertaken after a medical diagnosis and referral have been made. The dysphagia evaluation begins with a bedside examination that is sometimes followed by a video-fluoroscopic study. The information obtained by the evaluation results in a feeding recommendation by the speech-language pathologist that includes appropriate diet level, amount of intake per swallow, positioning and other facilitating techniques, and swallowing exercises. Patients who are motivated, moderately alert, and have some degree of deglutition are appropriate candidates for dysphagia therapy. Elements of the therapy program can include thermal stimulation to heighten the sensitivity of the swallowing reflex, exercises to improve oromotor control, training in laryngeal adduction and compensatory swallowing techniques, positioning, and dietary modifications. Significant improvement in the swallowing disorder of appropriately selected patients cna be obtained in a rehabilitation program with properly trained and experienced speech-language pathologists.","PeriodicalId":77156,"journal":{"name":"Health technology assessment reports","volume":" 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13838305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiac catheterization in a freestanding setting. 独立式心导管插入术。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1989-01-01

M N Jackson

引用次数: 0

Thermography for indications other than breast lesions. 乳房病变以外的热成像适应症。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1989-01-01

H Handelsman

{"title":"Thermography for indications other than breast lesions.","authors":"H Handelsman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Thermography is the measurement of self-emanating infrared radiation revealing temperature variations at the body surface. The two commonly employed methods demonstrating such changes are telethermographic infrared detector/imagers and heat-sensitive cholesterolic liquid crystal systems. Both methods sense body temperature and demonstrate areas of differing heat emission by producing brightly colored patterns. Each color represents a specific temperature level. Interpretation of color patterns in dermatomes or other anatomic distributions are proposed as an aid in diagnosing and evaluating a vast array of diseases. Information obtained from the literature, responses to a Federal Register notice of this assessment, PHS agencies and medical specialty groups failed to support claims of efficacy of thermography as a useful diagnostic modality for non-breast indications. Rather, it suggested that thermography lacks sensitivity, specificity, or predictive value. Unassailable data are lacking to indicate that thermography provides a useful guide to monitor the effect of treatment of any disease entity. The evidence suggests that thermography may only confirm the presence of a temperature difference, that other procedures are needed to reach a specific diagnosis, and that thermography may add little to what physicians already know based on history, physical examination, and other studies.","PeriodicalId":77156,"journal":{"name":"Health technology assessment reports","volume":" 2","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13841631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Real-time cardiac monitors. 实时心脏监测器。

Health technology assessment reports Pub Date : 1989-01-01

H Handelsman

{"title":"Real-time cardiac monitors.","authors":"H Handelsman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time cardiac monitors (RTCMs) are portable computerized devices that use programmed algorithms to perform rapid, readily available online analysis and processing of electrocardiographic (ECG) data. RTCMs are primarily applied for long-term monitoring of ambulatory cardiac outpatients for the purpose of detecting transient abnormal ECG events. A wide variety of RTCM devices is available ranging from limited capacity intermittent recorders that store only selected ECG data, to 24-hour full-disclosure systems that provide ECG complex and to replay this data for subsequent review. Critics of RTCMs suggest that the best algorithms are imperfect and may lead to errors involving potentially lethal arrhythmias, while proponents argue that real-time cardiac monitoring is sufficiently reliable for clinical use. Available data suggest that the devices are safe and particularly with regard to detecting ventricular arrhythmias, clinically reliable. Currently available algorithms cannot analyze atrial fibrillation, pacemaker rhythms, isolated P-waves, junctional rhythms, and atrial ventricular blocks. The advantages and limitations of RTCMs are well described. Their use can be applied to provide satisfactory results in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic amangement of selected patients.","PeriodicalId":77156,"journal":{"name":"Health technology assessment reports","volume":" 4","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13841633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0