Endodontics & dental traumatology最新文献

{"title":"Pulpal pathosis and severe alveolar lesions: a clinical study.","authors":"R S Hirsch,&nbsp;N G Clarke,&nbsp;W Srikandi","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00336.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00336.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gingivitis is widely believed to be the precursor of crestal alveolar bone destruction (periodontitis) in some individuals. However, there is no correlation between gingivitis and severe localized lesions of alveolar bone. Specific 'periodontopathogens' of the indigenous oral flora are hypothesized to be the cause of localized lesions but the evidence to date is one of association only. Acute and chronic pulpal inflammation are known causes of irritation to the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone; retrograde pockets may subsequently form. Contamination by indigenous organisms best adapted to the special environment of the deep pocket could be expected to follow the establishment of the new conditions. This study was undertaken to examine the clinical and histological status of the pulps of teeth affected by severe localized alveolar lesions. A total of 153 teeth in 90 subjects were studied; full periodontic and endodontic assessments were made. Seventy-seven teeth responded in the normal range to pulp testing, but 52% of these had no recoverable tissue from their root canal systems on endodontic opening. The findings indicated that pulpal pathosis was not clinically detectable in the majority of teeth studied when conventional endodontic diagnostic tests were applied. Rather, the presence of localized severe alveolar defects was a more accurate predictor of pulpal pathosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00336.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of root resorption following replantation of human teeth after extended extraoral storage.","authors":"L Andersson,&nbsp;I Bodin,&nbsp;S Sörensen","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00335.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00335.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avulsed human permanent teeth subjected to a minimum of 1 h dry extraoral storage before replantation were followed radiographically for an average of 4.8 years. The depth of root resorption cavities was assessed using a radiographic index, and the rate of root resorption was defined as the index change over time. The frequency of inflammatory and replacement resorption was determined at each observation time. Replacement resorption increased in frequency with time in all patients. In teeth endodontically treated within 3 weeks of replantation, minimal inflammatory resorption was found regardless of the age of the patients. In teeth where endodontic treatment was performed more than 3 weeks after replantation, the frequency of inflammatory resorption was significantly higher in young patients but not in older patients, up to more than 3 years after replantation. The rate of root resorption was found to be related to age. In patients 8-16 years old at the time of avulsion the rate of root resorption was significantly higher compared with patients 17-39 years old. Age had a higher impact on the rate of root resorption compared with the delay in endodontic treatment after replantation. It was concluded that a tooth replanted with a necrotic periodontal membrane will become ankylosed and resorbed within 3-7 years in young patients, whereas a tooth replanted under similar conditions in older patients may remain in function for a considerably longer time.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"38-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00335.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontal tissue reactions following root canal obturation with an injection-thermoplasticized gutta-percha technique.","authors":"I Molyvdas,&nbsp;P Zervas,&nbsp;T Lambrianidis,&nbsp;A Veis","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00334.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00334.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The thermoplasticized gutta-percha obturation technique is a relatively recent development in endodontics. In this study we evaluated the possible effects of heat transmitted to the periodontal tissues when the Obtura root canal filling device was used in dog teeth. Two 8-month-old beagle dogs were used; 56 root canals of 36 teeth (maxillary incisors and first, second and third premolars of both jaws) were divided into two groups. In Group A 26 root canals were obturated with the lateral condensation technique, while in Group B 30 root canals were obturated using the Obtura device, without sealer. Observation periods were 1, 3, 7, 28 and 56 days. After routine laboratory procedures, hematoxylin-eosin stained sections were examined under a light microscope. In this experimental model the thermoplasticized gutta-percha obturation technique caused a periapical inflammatory reaction at all observation periods. Inflammatory reaction and destruction of collagen fibers were localized in the area around the apical delta, while the alveolar founding bone, the roots of the teeth and the periodontal ligament at the side of the root surfaces remained normal.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"32-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00334.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteroides spp. in dental root canal infections.","authors":"M Haapasalo","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00330.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00330.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A summary of a series of bacteriological studies of endodontic infections is presented in this article. The bacteriology of 62 root canal infections was studied with special attention focused on the occurrence, role and taxonomy of Bacteroides spp. All infections except one were mixed infections dominated usually by anaerobic bacteria. Four to 6 different species were present in most canals. Species of the genus Bacteroides were found more frequently than species of any other genus. Seventy-eight Bacteroides strains were isolated from 45 canals. B. buccae, B. intermedius, B. denticola, B. oris, B. oralis, and B. gingivalis were the most common Bacteroides spp. At the beginning of the treatment 35 of 62 teeth caused acute symptoms. The results indicated that symptoms were a result of the synergistic action of the mixed anaerobic flora. The presence of B. gingivalis, B. endodontalis, and B. buccae was more often related to acute cases than other Bacteroides spp. Black-pigmented Bacteroides and a new Bacteroides-like organism, Mitsuokella dentalis, seemed to increase the probability that acute symptoms would persist one week after the beginning of the treatment. However, the treatment result assessed after 4 weeks and after 1 year was not affected by the composition of the mixed anaerobic flora. Calcium hydroxide was the only canal disinfectant used. Its efficacy was proved by a bacteriological sample at the second appointment in 10 cases. All teeth were asymptomatic at the third appointment. The susceptibility of the isolated Bacteroides strains to penicillin G was also studied. Only 2 B. buccae strains and 2 B. denticola strains were resistant at a concentration of 2.4 micrograms/ml. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups which received 1) no antibiotics, 2) penicillin V (650 mg x 3) for 7 days, or 3) for 12 weeks. There was no difference between the 3 groups in the healing of the periapical lesion after one year. All patients attended the 1-year control. Fifty cases showed complete healing, partial healing was obtained in 11 cases and in 1 case no healing was observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00330.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13742486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo sealing ability of calcium hydroxide-containing root canal sealers.","authors":"F Barnett,&nbsp;M Trope,&nbsp;J Rooney,&nbsp;L Tronstad","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00332.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00332.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It was the purpose of this study to determine the sealing ability of 2 commercially available calcium hydroxide-containing root canal sealers, CRCS and Sealapex. One hundred sixty single-rooted human teeth were used. The clinical crowns were removed and the roots were cleaned mechanically and by immersion for 24 h in 5% sodium hypochlorite. The root canals were then instrumented to size 80 at the apical foramen and the roots were sterilized by gamma-radiation. Under aseptic conditions the root canals were filled with a gutta-percha master cone size 70 and Sealapex (48 roots), CRCS (48 roots), and a zinc oxide-eugenol type sealer, Roth 801 (50 roots). The coronal aspects of the root canals were then sealed with zinc oxide-eugenol cement. In order to bring the roots and root filling materials in contact with tissue and tissue fluids, the roots were implanted subcutaneously in rabbits for 90 days and 1 year. Leakage as demonstrated by penetration of India ink was evaluated using a stereomicroscope. The best results were obtained with CRCS. Significantly less leakage occurred with both calcium hydroxide-containing sealers than with the traditional zinc oxide-eugenol sealer.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"23-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00332.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis of root-fractured permanent incisors--prediction of healing modalities.","authors":"F M Andreasen,&nbsp;J O Andreasen,&nbsp;T Bayer","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00331.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00331.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A population of 85 patients, comprising 95 root-fractured permanent incisors followed up to 11 years, was studied prospectively for the type of fracture healing that occurred (i.e. union of the fragments by interposition of hard tissue (HT) or connective tissue (CT), or nonunion characterized by interposition of granulation tissue between the fragments (GT)). Initial treatment was provided according to established treatment guidelines by the attending oral surgeon at the emergency room. Follow-up examination and treatment were provided by 2 of the authors. It appeared that GT could be diagnosed after approximately 3 weeks, while HT or CT could be diagnosed approximately 6 weeks after trauma. Many factors considered one at a time were found to have a significant or nearly significant effect on the type of fracture healing that occurred. However, a multivariate regression analysis revealed that the following factors were significantly related to fracture healing by HT: a large diameter of the apical foramen and severity of luxation of the coronal fragment (concussion/subluxation greater than lateral luxation greater than extrusion); fracture healing by CT: the presence of restorations in the injured teeth at the time of injury and the presence of marginal periodontal disease; and fracture nonhealing by GT: type of fixation (i.e. orthodontic band fixation versus acid etch or no fixation), antibiotic therapy, a constricted apical foramen, increased loosening of the coronal fragment, and stage of root development (GT never occurred in teeth with open apices). It was previously demonstrated following luxation injuries that type of luxation, stage of root development and type of fixation (orthodontic bands versus acid etch or no fixation) determined the prognosis of pulp survival. It therefore appears that the general factors that are able to predict the type of healing seen after root fracture are the same as those after luxation injuries, supporting the hypothesis that root fractures are another form of luxation injury, this time of only the coronal fragment.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"11-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00331.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longitudinal study of changes in frequency and technical standard of endodontic treatment in a Swedish population.","authors":"M Eckerbom,&nbsp;J E Andersson,&nbsp;T Magnusson","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00333.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00333.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Longitudinal studies of endodontic treatment are rare. The purpose of this investigation was to study changes in frequency, technical standard and treatment need in a Swedish population with an interval of 5-7 years. The number of endodontically treated teeth in the population increased while the number of periradicular radiolucencies was at about the same level at the second examination. The number of radiolucencies found in endodontically treated teeth was reduced while it was increased in untreated teeth. The number of root fillings ending less than or equal to 2 mm from the apex of the tooth as well as fillings with a proper seal had increased at the second examination, but still only 40.2% ended less than or equal to 2 mm from the apex of the tooth and 59.1% of the root fillings were judged to have a proper seal. It was concluded that a great need for endodontic treatment existed in the population examined. A slight improvement in the quality of the treatment was evident at the second examination. However, the technical standard was still poor and obviously affected the outcome of the treatment. It is the opinion of the authors that endodontic treatment methods should be simplified as much as possible in an effort to improve the technical quality of the treatment. The prognosis of endodontic treatment would then improve as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"27-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00333.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound in endodontics: a quantitative and histological assessment using human teeth.","authors":"J C Biffi,&nbsp;H H Rodrigues","doi":"10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00337.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00337.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hand instrumentation of the root canal was compared with ultrasonic instrumentation in 20 maxillary premolars with 2 root canals. The buccal and lingual canals were alternately instrumented by the 2 techniques until they had reached clinically ideal conditions for filling. After mechanical preparation, an attempt was made to evaluate root shape and the enlarging ability of the 2 techniques. For this purpose, a crosswise cut slice approximately 100 microns thick was cut off at the middle level of the root, which permitted comparative quantification of the instrumented area of the buccal and lingual canals. Crosscut serial sections of the remaining parts of the root were obtained for a systematic study of the entire extension of the root canal. It was concluded that the presence of debris inside the root canal depended more on the anatomical variation of the canal than on the technique used. No statistically significant differences in root canal area were evident at the middle third level of the root.</p>","PeriodicalId":77113,"journal":{"name":"Endodontics & dental traumatology","volume":"5 1","pages":"55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1600-9657.1989.tb00337.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13740899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}