Communicable disease report. CDR review最新文献_第9页

Fungal infections: guidelines for reporting. PHLS Mycology Committee. 真菌感染:报告指南。费城大学真菌学委员会。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-04-26

E G Evans, I D Farrell, R J Gross, R J Hay, G Midgley, J W Reuther, M D Richardson, D T Roberts, D W Warnock, R E Warren, H J Wingfield

引用次数: 0

Fungal infections: a survey of laboratory services for diagnosis and treatment. 真菌感染:诊断和治疗的实验室服务调查。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-04-26

R A Barnes, D W Denning, E G Evans, R J Hay, C C Kibbler, A G Prentice, M D Richardson, M M Roberts, T R Rogers, D C Speller, D W Warnock, R E Warren

{"title":"Fungal infections: a survey of laboratory services for diagnosis and treatment.","authors":"R A Barnes, D W Denning, E G Evans, R J Hay, C C Kibbler, A G Prentice, M D Richardson, M M Roberts, T R Rogers, D C Speller, D W Warnock, R E Warren","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A questionnaire on the services provided and the methods used for the diagnosis of fungal infections and for the support of antifungal chemotherapy was sent to members of the British Society for Medical Mycology (BSMM) and the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC). Ninety-five responses from general microbiology laboratories in the United Kingdom were analysed, and we compared services provided by laboratories that serve a transplant unit with those offered by other laboratories. We estimate that about 150 cases of cryptococcosis, 500 to 600 of candidaemia, and 300 to 400 of invasive aspergillosis are identified by laboratories in the United Kingdom (UK) each year. The clinical laboratories are aware of the importance of fungal infection, but rely heavily on reference services. In some laboratories, however, the degree of investigation of specimens and the procedures in use are inadequate for diagnosing systemic mycoses and determining the susceptibility of isolates to antifungal agents. The balance between reference and local services requires attention and external quality assurance needs to be applied effectively. In addition, effective methods for the diagnosis of systemic mycoses, and reliable and practicable methods for determining the susceptibility of isolates to antifungal agents, are needed urgently.","PeriodicalId":77078,"journal":{"name":"Communicable disease report. CDR review","volume":"6 5","pages":"R69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19898983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MAFF statutory incident reports in surveillance, prevention, and control of human Salmonella typhimurium infection. MAFF在监测、预防和控制人类鼠伤寒沙门菌感染方面的法定事件报告。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-04-26

D L Fone, R M Barker

引用次数: 0

Salmonella in retail poultry in Northern Ireland. 北爱尔兰零售家禽中的沙门氏菌。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-29

I G Wilson, T S Wilson, S T Weatherup

引用次数: 0

General outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales 1992 to 1994. 1992年至1994年英格兰和威尔士普遍爆发的感染性肠道疾病。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-29

T Djuretic, P G Wall, M J Ryan, H S Evans, G K Adak, J M Cowden

{"title":"General outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales 1992 to 1994.","authors":"T Djuretic, P G Wall, M J Ryan, H S Evans, G K Adak, J M Cowden","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Data from the surveillance scheme of general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in England and Wales, reported to the PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC), were used to review 1280 of the 1594 outbreaks identified between 1 January 1992 and 31 December 1994 for which a minimum data set was captured. The number of outbreaks reported in each regional health authority ranged from 31 in Mersey to 221 in Yorkshire. The commonest pathogens reported were salmonellas in 32% (412) of outbreaks, small round structured virus (SRSV) in 27% (342), Clostridium perfringens in 7% (90), and Shigella sonnei in 4% (46). The main mode of transmission was described as foodborne in 50% (642), over half of which were caused by salmonellas, and person to person in 39% (496), over half of which were caused by SRSV. Most outbreaks transmitted from person to person occurred in hospitals and in residential institutions for elderly people. Outbreaks lasted from one to 217 days (median five days) and their duration varied with the pathogen. The median attack rate was 37%. Illness was reported in 34,158 people, 751 of whom (2%) were admitted to hospital. There were 55 deaths, 28 of which were associated with salmonella and 12 with SRSV. Most of the outbreaks reported and the associated morbidity and mortality could have been prevented by following standard food hygiene practices, implementing infection control policies, and ensuring that food entering kitchens was of the highest microbiological quality possible.","PeriodicalId":77078,"journal":{"name":"Communicable disease report. CDR review","volume":"6 4","pages":"R57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19847490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bodybuilders, raw egg drink, and Salmonella enteritidis. 健美运动员，生鸡蛋饮料，还有肠炎沙门氏菌。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-29

G H Barnes, I Bousfield

引用次数: 0

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination and uptake predictors in Northern Ireland. 北爱尔兰b型流感嗜血杆菌(Hib)疫苗接种和摄取预测因子

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-01

V K Tohani, G Boyle, T Moore

引用次数: 0

Cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with an educational farm holiday. 隐孢子虫病爆发与教育农场假期有关。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-01

M R Evans, D Gardner

引用次数: 0

Seroepidemiology and control of genital herpes: the value of type specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus. 生殖器疱疹的血清流行病学和控制:单纯疱疹病毒型特异性抗体的价值。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-01

M J Slomka

{"title":"Seroepidemiology and control of genital herpes: the value of type specific antibodies to herpes simplex virus.","authors":"M J Slomka","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2 is the main cause of genital herpes infections. Conventional serological techniques cannot discriminate between antibodies specific to HSV types 1 and 2, so these methods cannot be used in the seroepidemiological investigation of genital herpes infections. The discovery of type specific antigens in HSV-1 and HSV-2, most notably glycoprotein G (gG), has been successfully exploited to develop assays for the detection of type specific HSV antibody. The presence of type specific antibodies provides evidence for infection with HSV-1, HSV-2, or both. Tests which detect humoral responses to HSV-2 have been used during the past decade to investigate populations in various countries. Most surveys of general adult populations in the developed world have found a relatively low seroprevalence of HSV-2, although this does differ between countries. Studies of HSV-2 antibody in developing countries have revealed higher rates of infection in adults. People attending sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinics have higher rates of HSV-2 infection than general populations sampled in the same country. Assays of HSV type specific antibodies have been used in seroepidemiological surveys that include information about demography and sexual behaviour to identify risk factors for HSV-2 infection. The surveys show that people with a large number of sexual partners are at increased risk of acquiring HSV-2 infection and that a high proportion of HSV-2 infections are asymptomatic. Assays of HSV type specific antibody have been used to show that the presence of pre-existing HSV-1 antibody may reduce the severity of genital HSV-2 infection. Such assays have also been used in studies of the transmission of genital herpes. Proposed interventions to counter the spread of genital herpes include targeted education and vaccination programmes. Assays of HSV type specific antibodies may be used to monitor the effectiveness of such policies.","PeriodicalId":77078,"journal":{"name":"Communicable disease report. CDR review","volume":"6 3","pages":"R41-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19789116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) as a zoonotic risk on farms in England and Wales. 野生褐鼠(褐家鼠)是英格兰和威尔士农场人畜共患病的风险。

Communicable disease report. CDR review Pub Date : 1996-03-01

J P Webster

引用次数: 0