Bailliere's clinical haematology最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
7 Thrombolytic therapy for venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism 静脉血栓和肺栓塞的溶栓治疗
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80088-7
MB BS, FRACP, FRCPA, FRCP(C) A.S. Gallus (Haematologist and Director)
{"title":"7 Thrombolytic therapy for venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism","authors":"MB BS, FRACP, FRCPA, FRCP(C) A.S. Gallus (Haematologist and Director)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80088-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80088-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Streptokinase, urokinase, tissue plasminogen activator and similar drugs can all cause lysis of venous thrombi and pulmonary emboli, but there is small evidence that accelerated lysis achieves a significantly better clinical outcome, on average, in the shorter or longer term, than heparin alone. Thrombolytic therapy for deep leg vein thrombosis aims to restore flow and to preserve venous valves, and so to prevent chronic post-phlebitic disability, but no trial has convincingly demonstrated that the last can be achieved in more than a few patients. Only a small minority of people with extensive proximal thrombosis develop disabling post-phlebitic venous insufficiency, and there are no good clinical predictors of this outcome. As a result, any widespread use of thrombolytics would bring an immediate risk of major bleeding to many people who will never be destined to develop a clinically important problem. Thrombolytic therapy after venous thrombosis should be avoided except, perhaps, in a few carefully selected patients with severe obstruction. The case for using thrombolytics after recent pulmonary embolism is strongest in the limited number of patients with ongoing hypoxia, respiratory distress, pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure, because thrombolytic therapy often achieves an impressive and almost immediate clinical benefit in this clinical setting. Whether early relief from pulmonary artery obstruction translates into longer-term advantage over heparin remains uncertain, however, because no comparative trial has ever shown these drugs to reduce mortality after pulmonary embolism. In all cases, both the physician and the patient must balance the certainty of an immediate bleeding risk against the uncertainty of a better than marginal real benefit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 663-673"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80088-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21200580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
4 Prevention of venous thromboembolism in general surgery 4普外科静脉血栓栓塞的预防
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80085-1
FRCS, FRCSE Vijay Vir Kakkar (Director), MD, CCST Ferruccio de Lorenzo (Lecturer)
{"title":"4 Prevention of venous thromboembolism in general surgery","authors":"FRCS, FRCSE Vijay Vir Kakkar (Director),&nbsp;MD, CCST Ferruccio de Lorenzo (Lecturer)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80085-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80085-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Venous thromboembolism continues to be an important cause of death in hospitalized patients undergoing major elective surgery. A study of autopsy-proven pulmonary embolism in hospital patients showed that venous thromboembolism accounted for 10% of deaths and that recognition of non-fatal thromboembolism continues to be a problem. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis increases with ageing, the annual rate per 1000 being one to three for those aged between 65 and 69 years and from two to eight for those aged between 85 and 89 years. The introduction of low-molecular-weight heparins has resulted in important changes in the management and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism. Low-molecular-weight heparin preparations reduce the overall incidence of deep vein thrombosis in general surgery by at least 70%. Furthermore, the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin against pulmonary embolism is at least as great as that of low-dose unfractionated heparin. The incidence of serious and minor haemorrhagic events with low-molecular-weight heparin is similar to that with low-dose unfractionated heparin. Prophylaxis is started pre-operatively, and the usual duration for the post-operative period has been 7 days, or until the patient is discharged from the hospital. In conclusion, low-molecular-weight heparin is highly effective in preventing post-operative venous thromboembolism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 605-619"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80085-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21199966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
9 The fetal and neonatal consequences of maternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia 母体同种免疫性血小板减少症对胎儿和新生儿的影响
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80057-7
MD James Bussel (Associate Professor), MD Cecile Kaplan (Director of Platelet-Leukocyte Immunology)
{"title":"9 The fetal and neonatal consequences of maternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia","authors":"MD James Bussel (Associate Professor),&nbsp;MD Cecile Kaplan (Director of Platelet-Leukocyte Immunology)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80057-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80057-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alloimmune thrombocytopenia is a relatively common and under-recognized entity. Prospective screening studies have suggested that at least 1 in every 1000 babies will be affected. While the severity of prospectively identified neonates is not as great as those ‘routinely’ identified as newborns, the incidence of intracranial haemorrhage in the fetus and neonate is the highest for any immune thrombocytopenia. Diagnosis is complex for the laboratory in view of the large number of platelet antigens and the importance of having sufficient numbers of typed controls. The importance of identifying the affected newborn extends to the likely need for antenatal management of the subsequent affected fetus. Studies to determine the optimal approach to this problem are ongoing. Ideally, prenatal screening of all pregnant women could be performed but this is not currently in practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 391-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80057-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20969445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 39
16 Deficiency of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease in familial and acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 家族性和获得性血栓性血小板减少性紫癜中血管性血友病因子切割蛋白酶缺乏
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80064-4
PhD Miha Furlan (Associate Professor), MD Bernhard Lämmle (Professor and Director)
{"title":"16 Deficiency of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease in familial and acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura","authors":"PhD Miha Furlan (Associate Professor),&nbsp;MD Bernhard Lämmle (Professor and Director)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80064-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80064-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Excessive intravascular platelet agglutination in patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) appears to be associated with excessive release from endothelial cells of unusually large von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers and/or impaired degradation of these multimers by a ‘depolymerase’ cleaving vWF to smaller, non-agglutinating molecular forms. We studied the activity of a recently described vWF-cleaving protease in four patients, including two brothers, with chronic relapsing TTP. All four patients had lacking or strongly reduced vWF-cleaving protease activity. In another patient with chronic relapsing TTP, the protease deficiency was due to the presence in the patient plasma of an inhibitor that was found to be an IgG. We conclude that constitutional as well as acquired deficiency of vWF-cleaving protease may predispose to clinical manifestation of TTP.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 509-514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80064-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20969452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 44
Index 指数
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80065-6
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80065-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80065-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 515-523"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80065-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138220208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
11 Thrombopoietin: its role in platelet disorders and as a new drug in clinical medicine 11血小板生成素:在血小板紊乱中的作用及作为临床新药的应用
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80059-0
MD, PhD Albert E.G. Kr von dem Borne (Professor of Clinical Hematology and Immunohematology) , Claudia Folman (Doctorate Student) , Gabor E. Linthorst (Medical Student), MD Leendert Porcelijn (Head of the Laboratory of Platelet and Leukocyte Serology), Sonja van den Oudenrijn (Doctorate Student), MD, PhD Ellen van der Schoot (Head of the Immunocytology Laboratory), MD, PhD Masja de Haas (Senior Scientist)
{"title":"11 Thrombopoietin: its role in platelet disorders and as a new drug in clinical medicine","authors":"MD, PhD Albert E.G. Kr von dem Borne (Professor of Clinical Hematology and Immunohematology) ,&nbsp;Claudia Folman (Doctorate Student) ,&nbsp;Gabor E. Linthorst (Medical Student),&nbsp;MD Leendert Porcelijn (Head of the Laboratory of Platelet and Leukocyte Serology),&nbsp;Sonja van den Oudenrijn (Doctorate Student),&nbsp;MD, PhD Ellen van der Schoot (Head of the Immunocytology Laboratory),&nbsp;MD, PhD Masja de Haas (Senior Scientist)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80059-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80059-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cloning and characterization of thrombopoietin and its receptor Mpl in the past few years has been a major advance in haematology. It opens new ways of studying congenital and acquired platelet disorders, leading to new insights in the pathogenesis and treatment of this group of diseases.</p><p>The Tpo level of the blood appears to be a useful marker for the differentiation between thrombocytopenia due to peripheral destruction and that due to thrombocytopoietic failure. No simple clinical parameter exist for this important differential diagnostic problem.</p><p>When recombinant thrombopoietin becomes available for therapy it will rapidly become the drug of choice for many of our patients. However, because of all the legal and commercial issues at stake it is expected that it will still take a few more years before general availability is realized. Short peptides with Tpo activity (<span>Cwirla et al, 1997</span>; <span>Kimura et al, 1997</span>), which can be synthesized chemically, may form a more easily obtainable alternative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 427-445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80059-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20969447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
13 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: pathophysiology and clinical concerns 肝素诱导的血小板减少症:病理生理学和临床关注
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80061-9
MD Andreas Greinacher (Professor)
{"title":"13 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: pathophysiology and clinical concerns","authors":"MD Andreas Greinacher (Professor)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80061-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80061-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a severe immunological adverse effect of heparin treatment. Recently the pathogenesis of HIT has been resolved regarding the mechanisms of platelet activation, the nature of the most important antigens and the involvement of the clotting cascade. HIT seems to be associated with massive generation of thrombin, which contributes to the thromboembolic complications. Based on these findings, treatment of patients with acute HIT should include cessation of all heparins and further treatment with an anticoagulant with antithrombin activity. Currently, the two most important compounds for further anticoagulation of HIT-patients are danaparoid-sodium and recombinant hirudin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 461-474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80061-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20969449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
1 Acquired haemophilia 1获得性血友病
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80049-8
MD, FRCP, FRCPath Charles R.M. Hay (Director)
{"title":"1 Acquired haemophilia","authors":"MD, FRCP, FRCPath Charles R.M. Hay (Director)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80049-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80049-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acquired haemophilia is a rare but life-threatening acquired bleeding diathesis caused by autoimmune depletion of factor VIII. This occurs most frequently in elderly patients who lack disease associations. Acquired haemophilia may also arise in association with SLE rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, other autoimmune conditions, lymphoproliferative malignancy, pregnancy and as a drug reaction. Acquired haemophilia has an equal sex distribution.</p><p>The aims of treatment are to eliminate the inhibitor by immunosuppression and to treat the bleeding, which is the most common cause of death in patients with acquired haemophilia. The inhibitor is abolished in up to 70% of patients using prednisolone and cyclophosphamide, although other immunosuppressive regimens may also be used. These include azathioprine, vincristine and other cytotoxic agents, high-dose immunoglobulin and cyclosporin A. Bleeding may be controlled using porcine factor VIII or recombinant factor VIIa, although human factor VIII and prothrombin complex concentrates also have a limited role as haemostatic agents in this condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 287-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80049-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20970129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 130
3 Acquired von Willebrand disease 3获得性血管性血友病
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80051-6
MD, PhD Perry J.J. van Genderen (Resident Internal Medicine and Haematology), MD, PhD Jan J. Michiels (Internist/Haematologist)
{"title":"3 Acquired von Willebrand disease","authors":"MD, PhD Perry J.J. van Genderen (Resident Internal Medicine and Haematology),&nbsp;MD, PhD Jan J. Michiels (Internist/Haematologist)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80051-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80051-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acquired von Willebrand disease (AvWD) is an acquired bleeding disorder which may suddenly become manifest in individuals, usually in the absence of a personal or family history of bleedings and frequently in association with monoclonal gammopathies, lymphoproliferative, myeloproliferative and autoimmune disorders. In a minority of the cases AvWD may develop in association with drugs or solid tumours. Pathogenetic mechanisms involve autoantibodies directed against von Willebrand factor (vWF) resulting in a rapid clearance of vWF from the circulation and/or inactivation of plasma vWF; absorption or adsorption of plasma vWF to malignant cells; drug-induced or cell-mediated proteolysis of plasma vWF; acquired decrease in synthesis of vWF and/or release of vWF from storage sites; or precipitation of plasma vWF. Treatment options include—whenever possible—treatment of the underlying disorder or symptomatic treatment aimed at replacing the loss of vWF by either infusion of vWF-rich concentrates or administration of desmopressin (DDAVP). In selected cases with anti-vWF antibodies, administration of high-dose intravenous gammaglobulin, plasma exchange or extracorporeal immunoadsorption may be successful.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 319-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80051-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20970131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 34
8 Acute autoimmune thrombocytopenia 8急性自身免疫性血小板减少症
Bailliere's clinical haematology Pub Date : 1998-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80056-5
Dr. med. Anton Heinz Sutor (Professor, Section Haematology and Haemostaseology), Dr. med. G. Gaedicke (Professor, chairman of Pediatrics)
{"title":"8 Acute autoimmune thrombocytopenia","authors":"Dr. med. Anton Heinz Sutor (Professor, Section Haematology and Haemostaseology),&nbsp;Dr. med. G. Gaedicke (Professor, chairman of Pediatrics)","doi":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80056-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80056-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Childhood acute autoimmune thrombocytopenia is defined as a bleeding disorder in otherwise healthy children caused by transient destruction of platelets. It is benign, presenting mostly with skin purpura and minor bleeds. The diagnosis requires information about previous infections or immunizations, a physical examination looking for signs or symptoms for other causes of thrombocytopenia and a complete blood count with examination of the peripheral blood smear focusing on the number and morphology of platelets. Bone marrow examination is indicated only when in doubt and should be considered if prednisone therapy is planned. A threshold platelet count dividing high- and low-risk groups in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is not known because of problems with platelet counting in thrombocytopenia and the lack of clinical data. Immunoglobulins or glucocorticoids increase the platelet count, probably by blockage of the phagocytic monocyte-macrophage system. However, it is unclear whether this increase influences bleeding or mortality or whether the disadvantages of these medications might outweigh their benefits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77029,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's clinical haematology","volume":"11 2","pages":"Pages 381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0950-3536(98)80056-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20969444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信