Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)最新文献

{"title":"[Gram-positive cocci isolated from urocultures of ambulatory and hospitalized patients with surgical risk].","authors":"Delia Berceanu Văduva,&nbsp;Delia Muntean,&nbsp;Monica Licker,&nbsp;Dana Velimirovici,&nbsp;Matilda Rădulescu,&nbsp;M Berceanu Văduva,&nbsp;Dorina Dugăeşescu,&nbsp;Maria Rada,&nbsp;Luminiţa Bădiţoiu,&nbsp;Roxana Moldovan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We propose a comparative study of sensitivity to antibiotics of Gram-positive germs isolated in urocultures from patients in ambulatory and two wards with surgical risk (urology and obstetrics-gynaecology), and also to establish the resistance phenotypes of these strains.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>124 strains of Gram-positive cocci were studied: 28 S. aureus strains, 24 strains of coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CNS), 23 Streptococcus aglactiae strains, 1 Streptococcus anginosus strain and 48 Enterococcus spp. strains. The isolated strains came from 4398 urocultures (1889--ambulatory, 1871--urology, 629--obstetrics-gynaecology). Testing of antibiotic sensitivity was performed through Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method, with automatic phenotyping (Osiris Evolution system).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In ambulatory, the wild phenotype was predominant in all isolated strains (33.33% S. aureus, 50% CNS, 100% Streptococcus aglactiae, 60% Enterococcus spp.). In the urology ward, the following multiresistant strains were isolated: 9 MRSA strains (47.36%), 1 MRSE strain (100%), 1 VRE strain (4.34%). In the obstetrics-gynaecology ward, 7 strains showed multiple antibiotic resistance: 4 MRSA strains (66.66%), 2 MRSE strains (50%), 1 VRE strain (6.66%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multiresistant strains were isolated in hospital environment, which can be explained by the improper use of antibiotics, the instrumental approach of the urinary tract, and the existence of risk factors in the patients admitted in the above-mentioned wards. Enforcement of efficient nosocomial infection control measures is advisable, as well as a policy for rational antibiotic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"54 1","pages":"23-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29034415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[SWOT analysis of the epidemiologic surveillance system for sexually transmitted diseases, including syphilis, in Romania, 2000-2003].","authors":"Mihaela Debita","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"54 1","pages":"59-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29034422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Use of systemic antibacterial agents at a university emergency clinic in Bucharest, in the year 2008].","authors":"Niculae Ion-Nedelcu,&nbsp;Luminiţa Radu,&nbsp;Simona Firulescu,&nbsp;Elena Truţă,&nbsp;Mariana Sîrbu,&nbsp;Georgeta Barbu,&nbsp;Petre Calistru","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>use of ATC/DDD (Anatomic Therapeutic Classification/Daily Defined Dose) methodology promoted by World Health Organization for calculating and analysis of systemic antimicrobial agents' annual rates of usage among the adult patients hospitalized in Bucharest municipality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>descriptive retrospective study conducted in the main university clinic for medical emergencies from Bucharest municipality. Consumption of systemic antimicrobial agents, taken from the clinic pharmacy's records, regarding the 2008 year, has been transformed in defined daily doses and aggregated by ATC subgroups. The number of patient days from 2008 was obtained from clinic administrative service. Antimicrobial agents' usage was expressed as consumption density rate by dividing the defined daily doses counts to the correspondent number of patient days. Analysis of consumption rates has been performed both by whole clinic and also stratified by departments of medical specialties: surgery, internal medicine and intensive care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the year 2008, the patients carried in the clinic totalized 255,600 days of hospitalization; during the respective time in clinic there were used 36 of individual antibacterial agents that made up 184,857 defined daily doses. At the level of entire clinic the consumption rate of all systemic antimicrobial agents was 72.6 defined daily doses per 100 de patient days (DDD/PD); by medical specialties the indicator's values were 61.2 DDD/100 PD in the department of internal medicine specialties, 62.8 DDD/100 PD in the departament of surgical specialties and 126 DDD/100 PD in the medical/surgical intensive care unit, respectively. Almost 70% of the defined daily doses' total included five antimicrobial agents: co-amoxiclav, cefuroxim, cefoperazone + sulbactam, ciprofloxacine si metronidazol. By ATC subgroups, the top three consumption rates included penicillin plus beta-lactamase inhibitors, 2nd generation cefalosporines and fluorochinolons, respectively. Comparing the own rate with the distributions of NNIS (National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance) system form USA, demonstrated that the usage was into the expected limits for the majority of antimicrobial agents groups considered, excess usage being detected only in the case of 2nd generation cefalosporins (in non-intensive care sector) and in the case of carbapenems in the intensive care units, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>At the whole clinic level, the study detected a rate of systemic antimicrobial agents' usage similar with the correspondent values recently reported even from the South European states or form USA. Excessive usage (against the NNIS standard) might be mitigated through augmentation of the compliance with guidelines for prudent utilization of antimicrobial agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"54 1","pages":"53-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29036959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Activities in view of implementing the International Health Regulations 2005].","authors":"Florin Popovici,&nbsp;Adriana Pistol,&nbsp;Radu Cucuiu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 4","pages":"189-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[International Health Regulations (2005)].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 4","pages":"191-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Enteric patotypes of Escherichia coli involved in diarrhea disease].","authors":"Maria Nica","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 3","pages":"153-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Group B streptococci and pregnancy. Strategies for the prevention of perinatal disease].","authors":"Vasilica Ungureanu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 3","pages":"145-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Factors incriminated in the onset of emerging infections].","authors":"Monica Teleman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 3","pages":"173-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis--(1) Microbiological diagnosis].","authors":"Violeta Melinte","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 3","pages":"127-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Antibiotic resistance patterns in Acinetobacter spp. strains isolated from hospital environment].","authors":"Delia Berceanu Văduva,&nbsp;Delia Muntean,&nbsp;G Lonescu,&nbsp;Monica Licker,&nbsp;M Berceanu Văduva,&nbsp;Dana Velimirovici,&nbsp;Matilda Rădulescu,&nbsp;V Dumitraşcu,&nbsp;Mihaela Crăciunescu,&nbsp;Dorina Dugăeşescu,&nbsp;F Horhat,&nbsp;C Piluţ,&nbsp;Luminiţa Bădiţoiu,&nbsp;Roxana Moldovan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Acinetobacter species are ubiquitary germs isolated more and more frequently, Acinetobacter baumannii being currently considered the second strictly aerobic microorganism involved in the ethiology of severe nosocomial infections. Acinetobacter baumannii is usually encountered in surgery and intensive care units, especially in patients with depressed immunity, in which various locations are possible, the most frequvent being the respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and bacteriemia.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>The study used 52 strains of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from 1131 biological samples (bronchial aspirat, urine, wound secretion, blood, pus, CFS) obtained from the patients of the Timisoara Country Hospital. Identification of germs was performed using the API (BioMerieux) system, and the antibiotics sensitivity testing was made by disk diffusion testing (Kirby-Bauer), with automatic reading and phenotyping through the Osiris Evolution (BioRad) system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study of resistance to beta-lactamines has pointed out the predominance of penicillinase and cephalosporinase producing strains, 55.77% of the tested ones being part of this phenotype. 90.38% of the strains were resistant to one or more aminoglycosides. Of the tested strains 76.93% were resistant to fluoroquinolones, 86.54% to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, and only 21.15% to tethracycline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among the emerging pathogens involved in the nosocomial infections, Acinetobacter baumannii strains have become, in the past decades, a real health issue, due to the variety and seriousness of clinical symptoms. Through the constant increase of the cases number, and the difficulty of applying an effective treatment, the above-mentioned strains showed a multiple resistance to antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":77026,"journal":{"name":"Bacteriologia, virusologia, parazitologia, epidemiologia (Bucharest, Romania : 1990)","volume":"53 2","pages":"103-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28457571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}