American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center最新文献

{"title":"Differential deviance and social control mechanisms among two groups of Yup'ik Eskimo.","authors":"N Lee","doi":"10.5820/aian.0502.1993.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0502.1993.57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the question of whether different social control mechanisms contribute to social disorganization and consequent deviance. Two groups of Yup'ik Eskimo were compared on reported felonies and misdemeanors. One group belongs to a sovereignty movement called the \"Yupi'it Nation.\" Some member villages in this group have abolished their own tribal courts. The other group has maintained relationships with the state of Alaska and relies on Western law enforcement to maintain social order. There are statistically significant differences in amounts of reported felonies and misdemeanors. This may be due to differential deviance, differential reporting, or a combination of both. Because of the political position of the sovereignty villages, however, it seems clear that they are using more traditional methods of dealing with disruptive behavior. Use of traditional social control may contribute to social cohesiveness, thereby reducing deviance. Differential Deviance and Social Control Mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 2","pages":"57-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19122283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attributional antecedents of alcohol use in American Indian and Euroamerican adolescents.","authors":"G P Sage,&nbsp;G L Burns","doi":"10.5820/aian.0502.1993.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0502.1993.46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>American Indian and Euroamerican adolescents were compared in regard to the events that they saw as responsible for their alcohol use. American Indian males believed that heredity played a more important role in their use of alcohol than Euroamerican males. American Indian males also believed that fate was a more important influence on their use of alcohol than American Indian females and Euroamerican females and that environmental events (e.g., problems at home) were a less important influence than the three other groups. Euroamerican females saw distressing events as more responsible for their alcohol use than the American Indian females and Euroamerican males. Euroamerican females also saw themselves as more responsible for their alcohol use than the American Indian females and males and Euroamerican males. The treatment implications of these attributional differences in reasons for alcohol use are discussed, especially in regard to American Indian adolescent males.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 2","pages":"46-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19122280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol and suicide in Alaska Natives.","authors":"P Kettl,&nbsp;E O Bixler","doi":"10.5820/aian.0502.1993.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0502.1993.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective review of hospital records from the Alaska Native Medical Center, controlled for age, sex, and race, is presented for 33 Alaska Native suicide completers who died between 1980 and 1984. Suicide rates for Alaska Natives were twice the national average during the study period. The only significant differences between the suicide and control groups was the history of a prior suicide attempt (p 0.003). Alcohol abuse was diagnosed more often than any other psychiatric disorder in the suicide group and appears to be the most important antecedent of suicide in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 2","pages":"34-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19122279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug use of friends: a comparison of reservation and non-reservation Indian youth.","authors":"F Beauvais","doi":"10.5820/aian.0501.1992.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0501.1992.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is not much drug use at school, but reservation youth are most likely, non-reservation Indian youth next most likely, and non-Indian youth least likely to have used drugs at school. Alcohol and drugs are used most frequently at weekend parties and at night with friends. Reservation youth are twice as likely as the others to have used alcohol while driving around and three times more likely to have used drugs while driving around. Drugs are used with friends. Heavy drug users are more likely to have friends who use drugs and friends who encourage drug use and are less likely to have friends who would try to stop them from using drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12592739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The consequences of drug and alcohol use for Indian youth.","authors":"F Beauvais","doi":"10.5820/aian.0501.1992.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0501.1992.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indian youth have higher rates of using alcohol and drugs in ways that increase their risk--getting very drunk, drinking while driving, and using drugs and alcohol together. The highest rate is found among reservation youth, a lower rate among non-reservation Indians, and the lowest rate among non-Indian youth. Frequency of self-reported consequences from alcohol and drug use follow the same order, with 15% of reservation seniors involved in an alcohol-related accident. The most frequent consequences involve relationship problems. Drug injection is rare in all groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 1","pages":"32-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12592736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcoholic beverage control policy: implementation on a northern plains Indian reservation.","authors":"M C Van Norman","doi":"10.5820/aian.0403.1990.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0403.1990.120","url":null,"abstract":"Dr. Philip May's article in this volume, \"Alcohol Policy Considerations For Indian Reservations and Bordertown Communities,\" represents a valuable contribution to the public debate concerning alcohol abuse on and near Indian reservations, and the range of policy options available to Indian tribes. As a practitioner in the field of Indian law, I am in substantial agreement with the main themes of the article. Therefore, this comment will, in light of some of Dr. May's major themes, briefly examine: (1) federal regulation of liquor traffic and the authority delegated to Indian tribes to regulate the use and distribution of liquor throughout their territories; (2) the need to dispel the \"myths\" surrounding Indians and alcohol abuse; and (3) the experience of one Northern Plains Indian tribe in fighting the \"War on Alcohol Abuse\"","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"4 3","pages":"120-5; discussion 126-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12672975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of drug use rates for reservation Indian, non-reservation Indian and Anglo youth.","authors":"F Beauvais","doi":"10.5820/aian.0501.1992.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0501.1992.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rates of drug use and involvement were compared for three groups: Indian youth living on reservations, Indian youth living off reservations and Anglo youth. A consistent pattern emerged, showing the lowest rates of use among Anglo youth, higher rates among non-reservation Indian youth, and the highest rates among Indian youth on reservations. Rates of tobacco use, both smoked and smokeless, and marijuana use are especially high for Indian youth. Indian youth also show a pattern of earlier initiation to drug use. Gender differences reveal slightly higher rates of use for males, although the differences are not great enough to suggest that prevention efforts for males should have a higher priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 1","pages":"13-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12591659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol policy considerations for Indian reservations and bordertown communities.","authors":"P A May","doi":"10.5820/aian.0403.1990.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0403.1990.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For some topics, particularly in public health, summaries are dangerous because they may create the idea that a single or simple solution exists. This topic is one where a summary can create a false expectation of simplicity. There is no simple or easy solution to the problem of alcohol abuse in any community, especially reservation and bordertown communities in the western United States. The solution is complex, it must be comprehensive, and it will take a great deal of effort over time to reduce alcohol and substance abuse in any individual community. Indian communities must develop a comprehensive, consistent, and clearly defined alcohol prevention/intervention policy. Such a policy must utilize a systematic, public health approach that considers the physical, mental, and social well being of each and every individual within the region. It must address all types of problematic alcohol consumption, from sporadic alcohol consumption (light and heavy) to regular alcohol abuse and chronic alcoholism, for the problems found in Indian and bordertown communities arise from a variety of different drinking patterns. Presented in this paper are a large number of policy and prevention options that have been used successfully in human societies in various parts of the world and in the United States. The intent of the paper is to present and describe the variety of options for addressing alcohol problems that have been found to be of value in the control and reduction of alcohol abuse and related problems. The three broad categories of approach are: controlling the supply of alcoholic beverages through statute and regulation; shaping drinking practices directly; and reducing the physical and social environmental risks. Indian tribal councils and Native communities can, if they so desire, consider, debate, and enact any or all of these measures. The important issue is that they should be aware of these ideas for prevention and consider them carefully. If the preventive measures described here can be applied systematically and reasonably within the social and cultural contexts of a Native community, then the ultimate result should be positive. Readers are encouraged to read this paper carefully, to study the tables and figures, and if more detail is desired, to consult some of the many references found in the back. Comprehensive and positive alcohol policy has been ignored for too long in Indian country, and the resultant toll in morbidity, mortality, and suffering is too high. This paper presents the ingredients for a comprehensive policy. Each community need to work its own recipe.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"4 3","pages":"5-59; discussion 71-5, 95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12672855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Much remains to be done.","authors":"D Gregory","doi":"10.5820/aian.0403.1990.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0403.1990.89","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"4 3","pages":"89-94; discussion 126-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12672863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An annotated bibliography of papers on drug abuse among Indian youth by staff of the Tri-Ethnic Center for Prevention Research.","authors":"F Beauvais","doi":"10.5820/aian.0501.1992.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0501.1992.68","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 1","pages":"68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12592741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}