{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of depressive syndromes among adults visiting an Indian Health Service primary care clinic.","authors":"C Wilson, D Civic, D Glass","doi":"10.5820/aian.0602.1995.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0602.1995.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is common among patients visiting primary care clinics. In order to describe the prevalence of depressive syndromes in an American Indian primary care clinic population and to help define the clinical correlates of depressive syndromes in this setting, a clinic-based research study of depression was undertaken by the Indian Health Service (IHS). One hundred and six patients from an IHS primary care clinic were systematically enlisted for participation in the study. Participants completed the Inventory for Diagnosing Depression (IDD). Twenty-two (20.7%) responded with answers scoring positive for a depressive syndrome. Nine of these 22 (8.9% of the 106 participants) met IDD criteria for a major depressive syndrome. A diagnosis of depression, a past history of depression, use of mental health facilities, unexplained pains, and antidepressant medication use were associated with the presence of a depressive syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 2","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18737069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The dilemma of mental health paraprofessionals at home.","authors":"B G Miller, J Pylypa","doi":"10.5820/aian.0602.1995.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0602.1995.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of community member paraprofessionals in the delivery of mental health services is complicated by the changing nature of the paraprofessional's social relationships within the community. We use an anthropological model of Coast Salish social organization and data from a current delivery system, the Swinomish (Washington) Tribal Mental Health Project, to suggest ways to conceptualize and account for such complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 2","pages":"13-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18737070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Healing the warrior: admission of two American Indian war-veteran cohort groups to a specialized inpatient PTSD unit.","authors":"R M Scurfield","doi":"10.5820/aian.0603.1995.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0603.1995.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Lake VA Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Treatment Program provides intensive inpatient treatment for war-related PTSD and associated conditions. As part of a substantial outreach effort to American Indians (AI) in the Northwest U.S., the program significantly modified its admission criteria and treatment to be more clinically and culturally relevant. An all-AI cohort, and then a group that was 50% AI, were admitted. Highlighted are lessons learned regarding: treating \"traditional\" versus more \"assimilated\" AI veterans; culture-specific additions of building and utilizing a sweatlodge on the hospital grounds, hiring an AI spiritual leader as a clinical advisor, and promoting attendance at weekend Pow-Wows; the relevance of the \"regular\" treatment components; and the need for regular debriefings about counter-transference dynamics among staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 3","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19534367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How does IHS relate administratively to the high alcoholism mortality rate?","authors":"T R Burns","doi":"10.5820/aian.0603.1995.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0603.1995.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From 1969 to 1990 the alcoholism mortality rate for American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/AN) has been steadily decreasing. Compared to the U.S. All Races overall rate decrease of 7.8% in that time period, the AI/AN rate has decreased 33.6%, a remarkable fourfold decrease in the mortality rate due to alcoholism. In the decade from 1978 to 1988 the rate decreased from 64.5/100,000 in 1978 to 37.3/100,000 in 1988, a decrease of 42.2%. The comparable figures for U.S. All Races were 8.1/100,000 in 1978 and 7.0/100,000 in 1988, a decrease of 13.6%. During this decade (1978 to 1988) the Indian Health Service (IHS) embarked upon a major effort to assimilate and to expand alcoholism programs then transferred from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) by incorporating those programs into the IHS health delivery system. The number of programs has more than doubled (158/400) since the transfer was completed in 1983. Funds, moreover, have quadrupled ($20/$82.3 million in 1993). The actual funds expended by IHS from Fiscal Year (FY) 1981 through FY 1993 were $559,916,000. Despite the dramatic increase in numbers of programs and total funds applied to the reduction of alcoholism mortality, available data reveal an increase in alcoholism mortality of 40.3% from 1986 to 1990. This article reviews and questions the relationship of allocations, per capita expenditures, and service components available to reduce alcoholism mortality by IHS Areas in light of the increase in the mortality rate and the fourfold increase in the budget. The data appear to show little relationship of mortality rate with allocations, the number of service components available, or per capita expenditures.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 3","pages":"31-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19534369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social correlates of American Indian suicide and homicide rates.","authors":"D Lester","doi":"10.5820/aian.0603.1995.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0603.1995.46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The state suicide rates of American Indians in 1980 showed a very different pattern of associations with state social variables than did the state suicide rates of Whites. In contrast, the homicide rates had similar associations, in particular with an index of social instability. The implications of these findings for theory are examined, and suggestions made for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 3","pages":"46-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19534370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-dimensional adolescent treatment with American Indians.","authors":"J Husted, T Johnson, L Redwing","doi":"10.5820/aian.0603.1995.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0603.1995.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an American Indian adolescent treatment program. A two-year follow-up study was conducted measuring school performance and antisocial behavior. It was found that American Indian adolescents who completed the program tended to have improved school performance and less involvement with the criminal justice system.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 3","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19534368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mental health and American Indian women's multiple roles.","authors":"L Napholz","doi":"10.5820/aian.0602.1995.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0602.1995.57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The author's purpose in conducting this study was to identify the relationship of sex role orientation to indices of psychological well-being among 148 American Indian working women from the Midwest. Analyses revealed that the sex-typed group had significantly higher depression scores, higher role conflict scores, lower self-esteem scores and lower life satisfaction scores when compared with the cross-typed and androgynous groups. The undifferentiated group had significantly lower self-esteem scores when compared with the androgynous group. Further research is needed to understand how different sex role orientations support different roles that American Indian women occupy.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 2","pages":"57-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18737072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The national survey of Indian Vietnam veterans.","authors":"T Holm","doi":"10.5820/aian.0601.1994.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0601.1994.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Largely through the efforts of Harold Barse and Frank Montour, Readjustment Counseling Service, a division of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, formed a working group to deal with the simple lack of information on Indian Vietnam veterans. Barse is founder of the Vietnam Era Veterans Inter-Tribal Association and a counselor for the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Vet Center. Montour is a Vet Center counselor in Lincoln Park, Michigan.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 1","pages":"18-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18982066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lessons from child of water.","authors":"S Silver","doi":"10.5820/aian.0601.1994.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0601.1994.4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This chapter examines the perceptions and treatment of psychological combat reactions by American Indians. My goal is to provide the reader with an introduction to the clinical implications of these perceptions and treatment in order to encourage a closer examination of what American Indian healers have to offer mental health professionals trained in the mainstream (what I will refer to as Anglo) psychological tradition. To do this we shall briefly examine how American Indians regard war and the role of warriors, for this cultural perception influences how combat reactions such as posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms are perceived and treated. Regardless of the value of what we might learn from American Indian culture, it does not matter what they say if we will not hear. It is necessary to consider attitudes typically held toward the concepts and techniques of American Indian healing practices if we wish for this examination to be more than an anthropological exposition, and have clinical value for Anglo mental health professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"6 1","pages":"4-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18982070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P K Han, J Hagel, T K Welty, R Ross, G Leonardson, A Keckler
{"title":"Cultural factors associated with health-risk behavior among the Cheyenne River Sioux.","authors":"P K Han, J Hagel, T K Welty, R Ross, G Leonardson, A Keckler","doi":"10.5820/aian.0503.1994.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5820/aian.0503.1994.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A field study was conducted to identify cultural factors--values, beliefs, and related characteristics--associated with health-risk behavior among adult members of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. The Cultural Values Survey (CVS), an instrument for measuring cultural values and related characteristics, was developed and pilot tested in the study population. This instrument, along with the Health Risk Appraisal (HRA) (an instrument developed by the Centers for Disease Control to quantify major health-related behaviors), was administered to a random sample of 429 adults in the study community. Significant differences between females and males for both cultural characteristics and health-risk behaviors were found. Females had significantly higher HRA-calculated Health Index values than males, reflecting overall healthier behaviors. Females who scored higher on cultural factors consistent with more traditional Lakota Indian lifestyles (e.g., degree of Indian blood, Lakota language spoken in the home, traditional Lakota beliefs) had higher HRA Health Index values than females scoring lower in these characteristics. Males who scored higher in factors related to self-determination (e.g., hard work, personal control, industriousness, individual action) had higher Health Index values than those who scored lower in these areas. Further testing of the CVS instrument, as well as further research from both epidemiologic and social science perspectives is essential to elucidate the nature of the relationship between cultural factors and health-related behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":76990,"journal":{"name":"American Indian and Alaska native mental health research : journal of the National Center","volume":"5 3","pages":"15-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18915147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}