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The flourishing problem of elder abuse in our society. 虐待老人的问题在我们的社会中日益严重。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00044067-199405040-00012
T Lay
{"title":"The flourishing problem of elder abuse in our society.","authors":"T Lay","doi":"10.1097/00044067-199405040-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing maturation of our population and the economic hardships in our nation have forced numerous elders to become dependent upon family members for survival. The tremendous strain of providing care for a dependent elder along with societal demands has caused the problem of elder abuse to flourish. Frequently, emergency rooms and intensive care units are the primary points of entry for the elderly victim of abuse. It is within these settings that abuse is detected initially and in which successful intervention should begin. In this article, the author presents a review of the basic theories that have been proposed to explain why abuse occurs. This is followed by a detailed description of the common characteristics of both the abuser and the abused. The article is concluded by an overview of the medical personnel's responsibilities for reporting cases of suspected abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 4","pages":"507-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18743307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Metabolic response to critical illness and injury. 危重疾病和损伤的代谢反应。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00044067-199405040-00004
S Buckley, K A Kudsk
{"title":"Metabolic response to critical illness and injury.","authors":"S Buckley,&nbsp;K A Kudsk","doi":"10.1097/00044067-199405040-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metabolic response to critical illness and injury increases the metabolic rate and increases mobilization of amino acids from the peripheral tissues. This is done through a neuroendocrine response with elevated levels of catecholamines, glucocorticoids, inflammatory cytokines, and other products of inflammation. Control of the injury, restoration of hemodynamic stability, and early nutrition can minimize the drain on the lean body mass and improve the chance of survival. In this article, the authors summarize the metabolic response to stress and injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 4","pages":"443-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18742751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
The role of the gut in critical illness. 肠道在危重疾病中的作用。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00044067-199405040-00005
L M Lord, H C Sax
{"title":"The role of the gut in critical illness.","authors":"L M Lord,&nbsp;H C Sax","doi":"10.1097/00044067-199405040-00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gastrointestinal tract is a major immunologic organ that must be maximally supported during critical illness. Gastrointestinal tissues require direct contact with nutrients to support their own rapid cellular turnover rate and carry out the multitude of metabolic and immunologic functions needed for successful adaptation to stress. Disruption in the ecologic equilibrium of the gastrointestinal tract often occurs during critical illness and the therapies provided. Problems encountered include stress ulcers, intestinal ischemia, bacterial overgrowth, aspiration pneumonia, bacterial translocation, sepsis, and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Early enteral nutrition has been shown to be a viable, economic, and physiologically beneficial way to support the gastrointestinal tract during critical illness. The fortification of enteral formulas with glutamine, arginine, or fiber is being studied to determine each one's unique role in the gut and immunologic changes that occur with severe stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 4","pages":"450-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18742752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Violence as an occupational hazard in the acute care setting. 在急症护理环境中，暴力是一种职业危害。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00044067-199405040-00013
C E Sommargren
{"title":"Violence as an occupational hazard in the acute care setting.","authors":"C E Sommargren","doi":"10.1097/00044067-199405040-00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, the author explores the issue of violence in the inpatient and outpatient hospital setting. Only recently recognized as a significant occupational hazard to nurses, violence can lead not only to physical injury but also to prolonged and debilitating emotional, social, biophysiologic, and cognitive symptoms. The prevalence of the problem is presented, followed by a discussion of contributory factors and the effects violent incidents may have on victims. Strategies for prevention and topics for future research are identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 4","pages":"516-22; quiz 542-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18743308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Enteral feeding of the critically ill. 危重病人的肠内喂养。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/00044067-199405040-00006
M H Shuster
{"title":"Enteral feeding of the critically ill.","authors":"M H Shuster","doi":"10.1097/00044067-199405040-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recognition and treatment of malnutrition has been shown to improve the survival of patients. Current research to prevent and improve patient outcome with nutritional interventions in the critically ill is promising. Nurses are responsible for identifying the signs and symptoms of malnutrition, administering nutritional therapy while assessing for complications and side effects associated with these treatments, and monitoring the effectiveness of nutritional interventions. Enteral nutrition in the intensive care unit is addressed specifically in this article, whereas nutritional assessment and the recognition of malnutrition are discussed briefly. Salient points of providing enteral nutrition to intensive care unit patients are presented. Various feeding devices, products, and complications related to enteral nutrition are explained in detail. Comprehensive nursing care as related to the delivery of feeding products through various feeding devices is reviewed. Nursing research applicable to the practice of enteral nutrition in the intensive care unit is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 4","pages":"459-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/00044067-199405040-00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18742753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
AACN--SCCM Health Care Ethics Forum '94. Arlington, Virginia, March 1994. Proceedings. SCCM卫生保健伦理论坛' 1994。弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿，1994年3月。程序。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-08-01
{"title":"AACN--SCCM Health Care Ethics Forum '94. Arlington, Virginia, March 1994. Proceedings.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 3","pages":"297-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18780248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HealthCare Ethics Forum '94: advance directives: the critical challenges. 医疗伦理论坛'94:预先指示:关键的挑战。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-08-01 DOI: 10.4037/15597768-1994-3016
J Dooley, C Marsden
{"title":"HealthCare Ethics Forum '94: advance directives: the critical challenges.","authors":"J Dooley,&nbsp;C Marsden","doi":"10.4037/15597768-1994-3016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1994-3016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 3","pages":"340-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4037/15597768-1994-3016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18780255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
HealthCare Ethics Forum '94: medical futility: a bedside perspective. 医疗伦理论坛'94:医疗无效:床边的观点。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-08-01
L R Noland
{"title":"HealthCare Ethics Forum '94: medical futility: a bedside perspective.","authors":"L R Noland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 3","pages":"366-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18780259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meningococcemia: recognizing and reducing complications in pediatric patients. 脑膜炎球菌病:识别和减少儿科患者的并发症。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-08-01 DOI: 10.4037/15597768-1994-3007
M A Carno
{"title":"Meningococcemia: recognizing and reducing complications in pediatric patients.","authors":"M A Carno","doi":"10.4037/15597768-1994-3007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1994-3007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningococcemia is a true infectious emergency that requires tremendous skill and collaboration among health-care professionals to reduce the high morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Complications and sequelae may effect virtually every body system with meningococcal disease. The critical care nurse plays a crucial role in preventing and recognizing complications to reduce serious consequences, including respiratory distress syndrome, myocarditis, cardiovascular collapse, coagulopathies, major skin loss, and limb amputations.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 3","pages":"278-88; quiz 411-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18780246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Liquid ventilation: it's not science fiction anymore. 液体通风:这不再是科幻小说了。
AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing Pub Date : 1994-08-01 DOI: 10.4037/15597768-1994-3004
M K Norris, B P Fuhrman, C L Leach
{"title":"Liquid ventilation: it's not science fiction anymore.","authors":"M K Norris,&nbsp;B P Fuhrman,&nbsp;C L Leach","doi":"10.4037/15597768-1994-3004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1994-3004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liquid ventilation is, by all initial considerations, an unconventional concept. Decades of research, however, have found that by using perfluorocarbons, which are capable of holding high concentrations of critical gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, gas exchange optimal enough to support life is possible with no known toxic effects. The earliest method of liquid ventilation, tidal liquid breathing, involved infusion and active removal of tidal volumes of perfluorocarbons by a liquid ventilator for gas exchange. Recently, a new method of partial liquid breathing, called perfluorocarbon-associated gas exchange, makes the process of liquid ventilation simpler by using conventional gas ventilators. Current research is showing great promise in the use of liquid ventilation for patients with pulmonary pathology. Critical care nurses should become knowledgeable of this new mode of ventilation and be prepared to meet the special needs of this unique population.</p>","PeriodicalId":76963,"journal":{"name":"AACN clinical issues in critical care nursing","volume":"5 3","pages":"246-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4037/15597768-1994-3004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18780243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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