Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science最新文献

{"title":"The Behavior of Moments of Inertia and Energy Staggering in Superdeformed Nuclei.","authors":"I. Aziz, M. Okasha, Gamal Ahmed","doi":"10.21608/absb.2021.75188.1115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2021.75188.1115","url":null,"abstract":"Three pairs of signature partners' transition energies of Thallium (Tℓ) odd mass superdeformed (SD) nuclei's (A ~ 191-195), were fitted with the experimental one using the Bohr-Mottelson four-parameter collective rotational model. We chose the Bohr-Mottelson four-parameter rotational energy formula because it has been reported that it has excellent compatibility with the γ-ray transition energies. The four model parameters were extracted using a suitable search program. Harris's method was used to calculate the superdeformed rotational bands' (SDRBs) bandhead spins. The values of the adopted parameters, which were obtained using a simulated fitting search software, were used to measure the rotational frequency, dynamic J (2) , and kinematic J (1) moments of inertia to the transition energies. When compared to the experimental values, there is a great deal of agreement J (2) and J (1) have been studied as a function of increasing rotational frequency. The suggested staggering function was used to investigate the ΔI= 1 energy staggering in Tℓ odd mass SD nuclei.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79134990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of adding lime waste and sodium chloride on bentonite swelling behavior and infiltration rate","authors":"M. Hussien","doi":"10.21608/absb.2021.47748.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2021.47748.1091","url":null,"abstract":"Bentonite is artificial clayey soil that not only has the tendency to swell or increase in volume but also to shrink or decrease in volume due to variations in water content. In geotechnical engineering field, this soil causes severe damage to structures that are founded. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of adding lime waste which is obtained from Abou Korkas sugarcane factory and sodium chloride on swelling properties of bentonite as a chemical stabilization process. In this regard, important techniques (SEM and EDX) were carried out to identify the mineralogy and microstructure variations before and after stabilization. Bentonite shows considerably different engineering behavior mainly depending on the mineralogical and chemical compositions. The results of the physical (geotechnical) tests indicated that lime waste and NaCl additives decreased the free swelling and increased the water infiltration of bentonite; the free swelling of the studied bentonite sample was 490% and free swelling for treated bentonite samples ranged between 250% and 370%, with an average of 297%. SEM and EDX analyses showed that all clay minerals are transformed to new flocculated cementitious compounds, such as calcium silicate hydrated (CSH) and calcium aluminate hydrated (CAH) so that bentonite texture is improved. The infiltration rate generally increases with either increase in salinity and electric conductivity; the values of infiltration rate were increased from 25 to 60 mm/h for the studied samples with an average value of 43.33 mm/h, due to reduction in clay content and a corresponding increase in the percentage of coarse particles. Utilization of solid wastes results in soil stabilization provides opportunity for cost savings in roadway construction, which will be of economic importance in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83462581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON HEPATITIS C PATIENTS RELAPSED AFTER SOFOSBUVIR TREATMENT","authors":"Mostafa H. Diab, A. Mansour, M. E. Badry, A. Farrag","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.210980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.210980","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis C viral infection is one of the most common diseases in Egypt in the 20 th century that leaded to liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). sofosbuvir is one of the most successful direct-acting antiviral (DAA) that play an important role in treatment of HCV. Fifty thousand patients with HCV were admitted in Mabaret El-Asafra hospital, Alexandria, Egypt, during a duration period extended from Oct 2015 to Oct 2017. All patients treated with sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 6 months as first line therapy according Egyptian health authorities. At end treatment period with first line of therapy during the follow-up checking detected HCV by quantitative PCR in seventy patients. Liver enzymes for seventy patients were estimated after relapse. Seventy patients were treated with combined therapy sofosbuvir and simeprevir as second line therapy. Liver enzymes and PCR were estimated after treated with second line therapy. All our cohort treatment experienced was between 1 and 2 therapy including monitoring for their liver functions after 1 treatment, during relapse period and after receiving the 2 therapy. Patients that were treated with combination of sofosbuvir and ribavirin at the first therapy achieved SVR after 24 weeks, a decrease in liver functions (ALT & AST) 94% achieving normal values, while 6% had mid elevation in ALT; 84% had normal values of AST and 16% had abnormal results with a negative PCR results. After following up (4 w to 48w) 36 % had normal ALT, 64% had abnormal results; 11.2 % had normal AST, 89% were abnormal. Patients were relapsed in 48weeks, and their viral load ranged from 7.0 X 10 to 9.90 X 10IU/m. After receiving the 2 therapy, patients achieved SVR in a period ranged from 4 weeks to 12 weeks with no apparent changes in ALT, AST values, while the viral load was negative in all patients. Combination therapy (sofosbuvir and simeprevir ) for 12 weeks in patients with genotype 4 infection is an effective regimen with an overall SVR rate of 100%. Keyword: Hepatitis c Virus; sofosbuvir; simeprevir; ribavirin and HCV relapsed patients.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75809933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRELIMINARY ACTIVE TECTONIC ASSESSMENT OF WADI GHOWEIBA CATCHMENT, GULF OF SUEZ RIFT, EGYPT, INTEGRATION OF REMOTE SENSING, TECTONIC GEOMORPHOLOGY, AND GIS TECHNIQUES","authors":"Abdelrahman Khalifa","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.227012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.227012","url":null,"abstract":"The Wadi Ghoweiba catchment located at the northeastern part of the western coast of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt has been examined to evaluate the impact of tectonic activity remarks through a significant analysis of the morphotectonic indexes that were calculated using geographic information systems (GIS) technique. Four morphotectonic indexes, including mountain front sinuosity, valley floor width-to-valley height ratio, rock strength, and stream length gradient index were applied and processed for recognition of tectonic activity evidence. The results computed from theses indexes were combined to examine different fracture and/or fault segments of the catchment. The values of the measured morphotectonic indexes were used to evaluate the distribution of the different tectonic signals of the study catchment. The examined catchment mostly reflects low-to- medium tectonic activity signals. From 25 studied segments, only two segments found at the southern Ghoweiba catchment wall record medium-to-high tectonic values which indicate very small significant tectonic activity compared to the whole catchment. Based on these morphotectonic indexes, the southern segments might with respect to the northern segments of the study catchment.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82624206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA FROM DIFFERENT CLINICAL SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM EGYPT, SAUDI ARABIA, AND SUDAN","authors":"Khaled Azab, M. Abdel-Rahman, M. Farag, H. Hussein, El-Sheikh","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.210982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.210982","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenic bacteria contribute to many globally important diseases, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infection, foodborne illnesses, and others. The present study aims to study and survey different isolates of pathogenic bacteria from different countries to assess their prevalence and their relation to diseases. Two hundred and ninety-two clinical samples were collected randomly from private laboratories and Hospitals of three countries (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Sudan). All samples were collected from patients (male and female) for ages from one to 89 years during the period 2015-2016. Samples included the present study were urine (168), vaginal swab (43), ear swab (22), blood (19), abscess (17), endotracheal tube (8), sputum (8), throat swab (3), nasal swab (3), and urethral swab (1). All samples were inoculated on different selective and differential culture media. After growth, isolated bacteria were identified by physiological and biochemical properties. Mainly 5 bacterial genera were detected amongst all clinical samples. The isolates were identified to be Escherichia coli (103), Klebseilla spp. (47), Proteus spp. (14), Pseudomonas spp. (83), and Staphylococcus spp. (45). Regarding patient gender, the presented study showed that females had a tendency to get infected more than males, where 110 (37.67 %) of patients were males and 182 (62.33 %) were females. The most common microbes in urinary tract infection were Escherichia coli. The most common microbes in acute otitis externa were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. All isolates from abscesses were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common isolated samples and only Proteus mirabilis were isolated urine samples. Survey and studies for infectious agents are one of the most significant epidemiological tools to track infectious disease and to foretell disease patterns, as well as determining the distribution of agents according to body parts. Pathogenic bacteria contribute in many globally important diseases.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75477280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HISTORICAL STUDY OF POLLUTANTS EMISSION OVER EGYPT USING ACCMIP DATA","authors":"A. Saber, H. Basset, M. Eid, F. El-Hussainy","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.210378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.210378","url":null,"abstract":"Statistical analysis for the emissions of some pollutants over Egypt during the period from 1850 to 2000 using the ACCMIP (Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project) history emission inventory dataset has been done. The seasonal and annual variations of the following compounds: Black Carbon (BC), Carbon monoxide (CO), Propane (C3H8), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOX), Toluene (C7H8), Ethylene (C2H4), Ammonia (NH3), Propene (C3H6), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) and Organic Carbon (OC) have been examined. It is found that these pollutants are intense over Nile Delta and Greater Cairo (30.25o 31.75o E and 29.25o 31.25o N); it produces mainly from human activities. The annual analysis of these pollutants illustrates that four of them (C3H8, HCHO, SO2 and NOX) have the same behavior during the period of study, where an obvious increase appears from about 1930 to 2000. Also, there are four pollutants (BC, C2H4, C3H6 and OC) that have the same behavior, where an evident increase appears from 1830 to 2000. The higher values of the coefficient of variation (COV) appears with the seasonal and annual time series of CH2O and C3H8 while the lower values of COV were found with the time series of C2H4 and C3H6. The trend analyses conclude that an obvious increase of all pollutants emissions except with NH3 where a negative trend appears with the seasonal and annual time series during the period from 1930 to 2000.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76151521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video semantics exploration for indexing and retrieval","authors":"K. Eldahshan, A. Abozeid, H. Farouk, Eslam Mofreh","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.210373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.210373","url":null,"abstract":"Video semantic concepts exploration is a fundamental problem in a video indexing and retrieval. It has a long history of investigation since early days till recent achievements. The challenges lie in bridging the gap between low level features and semantic level ones. To stand on the thoroughly situation, video semantic concepts exploration for indexing and retrieval purposes evolution from conventional methods to the state-ofthe-art ones will be reviewed. The main contribution is to unify concepts involved and evolution in this interesting topic.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74443592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VACUUM DESALINATION SYSTEM FOR SEAWATER AT LOW TEMPERATURES","authors":"M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.210379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.210379","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a proposed apparatus for seawater desalination at low temperature and low pressure is discussed. Based on the idea of Torricelli barometer, water vapor above seawater and water vapor above fresh water are forced to gather in a tube connecting the two water sources in nearly vacuum environment. Creating temperature difference between the two water sources develops large pressure difference between the saturated water vapor pressures above the two water sources. This pressure difference forces water vapor to move from the hotter seawater surface to condense in the cooler fresh water area. The apparatus automatically substitutes the evaporated seawater and transmits the fresh water to where it is needed, i.e. no energy is required to feed the apparatus with seawater or to transfer fresh water. The apparatus also automatically get rid of brine (more salty seawater due to evaporation) by replacing with fresh warm seawater. The variability of atmospheric surface pressure due to season change or the passage of atmospheric systems that can disturb the apparatus performance is also considered. The study indicates, theoretically, that this technique which was known to be suitable for small-scale freshwater needs can yield one order of magnitude larger than expected. Theoretically, it is shown that with the simple proposed apparatus, the estimated fresh water yield can be more than 10 m per day. Experiments are required to test the idea.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86770525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ENDANGERED SINAI THYME (THYMUS DECUSSATUS BENTH.) GROWING ON GEBEL MOUSA, SOUTH SINAI, EGYPT","authors":"Hany A M Mahgoub, Mohamed M. Moursy, Asmaa Zaghloul, O. Khafagi","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.206891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.206891","url":null,"abstract":"Gebel Mousa located in Saint Katherine Protectorate (SKP), South Sinai, Egypt. It harbors many endemic and endangered medicinal plants that are overexploited and facing serious threat of extinction. From these important medicinally plant species, we select Thymus decussatus (near-endemic and endangered plant) to investigate the genetic diversity level among eight populations using both of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. Seven primers were chosen for RAPD and six primers for ISSR analysis. Thirteen RAPD and ISSR primers amplified 97 bands with an average of 7.46 fragments / primer and the total number of polymorphic fragments was 84, thus, representing a level of polymorphism of 86.70%. Jaccard’s similarity coefficient values ranged from 0.37 to 0.64. The highest similarly value (0.64) was scored between Farsh Shoeib and Corridor between Farsh El-Hamar & Farsh Shoeib populations as the closet. On the other hand, the lowest similarity value (0.37) was recorded between Farsh Ellya in direction of G. Mousa and Corridor between Farsh El-Loza & Farsh Ellya populations as most distant. The dendrogram separated the eight T. decussates populations into two clusters. The first cluster included Farsh El-Sefsafa, Farsh El-Hamar; Corridor between Farsh El-Loza & Farsh Ellya. The second cluster included Farsh Shoeib, Corridor between Farsh El-Hamar & Farsh Shoeib, Farsh Ellya and Farsh Ellya in direction of G. Mousa and Farsh El-Loza. Assessing of genetic polymorphisms among the Thymus populations at varying microhabitats can help in their genetic improvement and their conserving programs.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84548450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG THE MAIN CATEGORIES OF NoSQL DATABASES","authors":"K. Eldahshan, Abdallah A. Alhabshy, Gaber E. Abutaleb","doi":"10.21608/absb.2020.210374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2020.210374","url":null,"abstract":"Relational databases are usually used for data storage and retrieval. They are suitable for limited data volume. But when it comes to Bigdata, we need to use more flexible databases that satisfy the need to handle semi-structured and unstructured data. These databases are called NoSQL (Not only SQL) databases. This type of database was developed to interact with data of large volumes. NoSQL databases provide many features such as scalability, availability, replication models, file sharing, and schema-free. This paper’s main purpose is to present a comparative study of the five main categories of NoSQL databases; key-value stores, document stores, column family stores, graph stores databases, and object store NoSQL systems. Also, it discusses the famous database management systems for each one of these five categories. The comparison criteria used are performance, scalability, flexibility, complexity, and functionality. Moreover, this paper presents an overview of big data concepts. It briefly discusses the SQL databases versus NoSQL databases in terms of their high-level characteristics. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of NoSQL databases. It illustrates the query languages in both SQL and NoSQL databases and represents the most common uses for each category to help users choose the most convenient DBMS for their organization.","PeriodicalId":7687,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Bulletin of Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80591930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}