{"title":"Reovirus antibodies among animals in Taiwan.","authors":"Y F Yang, S C Yang, F H Tai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serum specimens for reovirus antibody survey were collected from 60 pigs, 50 buffalos, 30 rabbits, 30 guinea pigs, 20 albino rats, 60 Swiss mice, 15 Taiwan monkeys, 14 goats and 12 dogs. Serum antibodies were measured by the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. HI antibodies to reovirus were found in a high percentage of pigs, albino rats, Swiss mice, dogs and goats, and less frequently in rabbits, guinea pigs, Taiwan monkeys and buffalos.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"9 1-2","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12013201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fungi isolated from asthmatic homes in the Taipei area.","authors":"C Y Chen, C Y Chuang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Indoor fungi in Taipei were surveyed during 1969-1974 using Sabouraud's agar plates. No remarkable yearly variation of fungal incidence was observed. The fungal population was found to be different from home to home. The dominant members were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mycelia sterila, Oospora, Rhodotorula, Hormodendrum and yeasts. The order of frequency of fungi found indoors was quite different from that of outdoor fungi. The fungal spores were more numerous during summer months, and this trend was more apparent for Aspergillus, Oospora, Rhodotorula, and Hormodendrum. The kind and the incidence of fungi found in asthmatic homes were not different from those detected in non-asthmatic homes, except that in asthmatic homes there were greater numbers of fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"253-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12419574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficacy of killed Trypanosoma evansi vaccines in mice.","authors":"E Ryu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Four strains of Trypanosoma evarsi (D3, D4, D5 and D6) isolated from German shepherd dogs were inoculated into mice, and infected blood was used to prepare 9 separate killed vaccines. White mice inoculated with 1:100 diluted PBS vaccine, 0.5% carbol vaccine, or 100% Lugol vaccine showed survival rates of more than 60%. Among these 3 vaccines PBS vaccine and 0.5% carbol vaccine showed higher survival rates at 1:500 and 1:1000 dilutions, respectively. When young mice (15-20 g) were immunized with PBS vaccine, they resisted challenge with homologous strains, D3 strain in single injection, D6 strain in double injections and all strains in 5 injections. Protection however was not observed in old mice (25-30 g) give the same vaccine preparation. When mice were vaccinated with a single injection of D3 vaccine and challenged with heterologous strains, only those challenged with D4 strain at 10-5 dilution showed a survival rate of more than 60%. There was no difference in protective ability among PBS vaccine, agar adjuvant and kaolin adjuvant vaccines. Agglutinating antibody was demonstrated in mice receiving 5 injections of PBS vaccine.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"280-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12419578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies among military conscripts in Taiwan.","authors":"K H Liu, S Y Li, L Y Wang, T Suzuki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"286-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12419580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Host preference of mosquito vectors of Japanese encephalitis.","authors":"L Y Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The host preference of 4 Culex mosquito species collected in Miaoli and Pingtung counties, Taiwan was studied by capillary precipitin method. Antisera to alum-precipitated sera of man, bovine, swine, rabbit, horse, dog, cat, mouse, chicken, duck, and pigeon were produced in rabbits and reacted with 758 mosquito blood meals among which reactions to one or more antisera. Culex annulus and Culex tritaeniorhynchus summorosus showed a great avidity for pig, and Culex fuscocephala for bovine. Culex pipiens fatigans was ornithophilic. None of 110 C. t. summorosus and 2.4% of 223 C. annulus had fed on man. Among 66 samples of C.p. fatigans tested 10.3% had fed on man, while none of 359 C. fuscocephala did. It seems that the latter does not act as a primary vector of Japanese encephalitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"274-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11398903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infection of newborn Taiwan monkeys (Macaca cyclopis) with human adenovirus type 12 and simian virus 40.","authors":"C S Yang, W Y Liu, Y C Lin, S H Shieh, Y Y Chang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For testing biological response of newborn Taiwan monkeys to infection of human adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) and simian virus 40 (SV40), 40 newborn Taiwan monkeys were inoculated with Ad12, Ad12, plus SV40, Ad12 supplemented with Ad12-induced hamster tumor tissue (Ad12 tumor) or control specimens (HeLa or African green monkey kidney cell lysate). Among them 26 survived including 8 newborn monkeys inoculated with control specimens. The survivors were observed for 4 years but no tumor was produced. The increase of body weight and intake of calories and protein in each test group during the first 12 wk were similar to those of corresponding control groups. Intrapulmonary inoculation of 108.2TCD50 of Ad12 with additional subcutaneous dose of Ad12 (108.8TCD50), Ad12 plus SV40 (108TCD50) or Ad12 plus Ad12 tumor killed 78% of newborn monkeys (7 of 9) in 18 days. The newborn could stand subcutaneous inoculation of SV40 (108TCD50) with 1 dose of Ad12 (108.8TCD50) or 3 doses of Ad12 (108.5, 108.5 and 108.2TCD50) at 24-hr intervals. When 108.8TCD50 or more Ad12 were inoculated, the virus could be isolated as late as 44 and 26 days from rectal and throat swab specimens respectively. The Ad12 neutralizing antibody in baby monkeys inoculated with multiple doses of Ad12 persisted, in low titer, longer than those injected with single high doses of Ad12, but anti-Ad12 T (tumor) antibody disappeared by 35 wk in both groups. Although SV40 antibody response was better than Ad12 antibody response in baby Taiwan monkeys, pre-infection of SV40 did not potentiate the production of anti-Ad12 T antibody.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"262-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11398902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid diagnosis of sporotrichosis by immunofluorescent method.","authors":"T Y Chuang, J S Deng, L K Young, Y C Lü","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histopathological examinations fungal cultures and direct immunofluorescent staining of the pus and skin biopsy microsections with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled specific antiserum were performed for 13 patients suspected to be infected with Sporotrichum schenckii. While histopathological examinations could not give useful information, the latter two gave more reliable results which could support the clinical diagnosis. The direct immunofluorescent staining test could be used as a method for rapid diagnosis of sporotrichosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"259-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11973937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observations on the host-parasite relations between Echinostoma revolutum and lymnaeid snails.","authors":"C T Lo, J H Cross","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Echinostoma revolutum from Taiwan was studied in lymneid snails at 29 +/- 0.5 degrees C. Given 3-5 miracidia, 95% of Lymnaea ollula and 40% of Lymnaea swinhoei became positive; the prepatent periods were 18 and 25 days, respectively. The following are based on the observations in Lymnaea ollula: The time required for miracidial penetration was about one hour. The sporocysts developed only in the ventricle of the snail but mother rediae developed in the heart and other organs. Mature daughter rediae were not found in the heart cavity. The sporocysts reached the ventricle within 3 days. Mother rediae were released after 6 days and daughter rediae after 8 days. Given 5 miracidia, 1-3 sporocysts reached the heart and 2-20 mother rediae were found per snail. The number of mature daughter rediae was usually 100-200 although more than a thousand may develop in a snail. The sporocysts and mother rediae attained maximal size 9 days postinfection and started degeneration 13 days postinfection. Daughter rediae were largest at the beginning of cercarial emergence and decreased in size thereafter. Simultaneous production of daughter rediae and cercariae by the mother redia was seen only once in this snail mature cercariae were obtained in 10 days postinfection. The cercariae emerged from a small area of mantle collar near the posterior corner of shell aperture. They were negatively phototactic and positively geotactic. An estimation showed that each snail shed about 350 cercariae a day. The cercariae reached the pericardial cavity of snail in one hour via the renal orifice and metacercariae were seen 4-5 hours after exposure. The infectivity of cercariae at various times after shedding, as expressed by cyst recovery rates, were: 51.6%, O-hr old; 76.1%, 2-hr; 68% 4-hr; 32%, 6-hr; 3%, 8 and 10-hr. Cyst recovery rates were not different within the dosage of 50-500 cercariae per snail. Most metacercariae recovered 1-2 days after cercarial exposure were viable; only 5 among 6,533 cysts were dead.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"241-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12419573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lipovitellenin-lipase and deoxyribonuclease activities of hospital staphylococci.","authors":"S P Fu, M L Mi, R J Shyu, T M Jen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 4","pages":"289-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12006772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Isolation and characterization of a new picornavirus in Taiwan].","authors":"F H Tai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the 1971 outbreaks of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, 298 cases were admitted to the Veterans General Hospital and seven strains of new picornavirus were isolated in human epidermoid carcinoma cells. Two strains of the virus isolated have been further studied. Serological neutralization indicated that these isolates might represent a distinct picornavirus group. Biophysical and biological properties determined by this study indicated that the viruses had many characteristics in common with the echoviruses such as morphological appearance, lack of essential lipids, acid stability, density in cesium chloride, sedimentation rate, growth in the presence of 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine and nonpathogenicity to suckling mice. However, they were differentiated into 2 strains on the basis of plaque size and neutralization kinetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":76873,"journal":{"name":"Zhonghua Minguo wei sheng wu xue za zhi = Chinese journal of microbiology","volume":"8 3","pages":"207-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12419561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}