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The Journal of auditory research最新文献

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Performance on a nonsense syllable test for normal and hearing-impaired subjects. 对正常和听力受损受试者进行无义音节测试的表现。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-07-01
J L Danhauer, S M Hiller, B J Edgerton
{"title":"Performance on a nonsense syllable test for normal and hearing-impaired subjects.","authors":"J L Danhauer,&nbsp;S M Hiller,&nbsp;B J Edgerton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Nonsense Syllable Test (NST) developed by Edgerton and Danhauer in 1979 was administered to 22 normal-hearing and 26 hearing-impaired Ss. Tape recordings from Auditec of St. Louis were presented at 5 SLs from 25 to 65 db re: SRT. Responses were transcribed phonetically using both auditory and visual cues and were scored by the phoneme method. Interjudge scorer reliability was high (94%). Performance vs level functions were plotted and analyzed for differences both within and among groups. The NST differentiated between the normals and the hearing-impaired Ss. Percent-correct discrimination scores for the hearing-impaired Ss were about 10 to 15 points poorer than for the normals. The results were favorably compared to the earlier version of the NST and the potential clinical use of this taped version was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 3","pages":"165-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17601917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of time compression on feature discrimination as a function of age. 时间压缩对年龄特征辨别的影响。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-07-01
M M May, M P Rastatter, F Simmons
{"title":"The effects of time compression on feature discrimination as a function of age.","authors":"M M May,&nbsp;M P Rastatter,&nbsp;F Simmons","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study used 30 tape-recorded sentences taken from the Carrow Auditory Visual Abilities Test, then time-compressed by the Lexicon Varispeech II to 50%, in order to investigate age-related changes in auditory discrimination. Each sentence offers one or more phonemic contrasts (manner or place of articulation, voicing, frequency, or some combination). Overall group mean performance was not different between 6-yr-olds (N:14) vs 8-yr-olds (N:20), or between 10-yr-olds (N:16) vs 15 young adults, but the 2 older groups were each significantly better than each of the 2 younger groups. The ontogenetic progression of this auditory processing ability seems to mature in the early part of the second decade of life. Of 5 feature contrasts, only place of articulation was significantly more difficult, for all ages. Of 6 frequency contrasts, only that for high frequencies was significantly more difficult, for all groups, possibly due to an as yet undocumented damping of high frequencies by the time-compression apparatus.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 3","pages":"205-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17601920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of stimulus level on vocal suppression in neonates. 刺激水平对新生儿声带抑制的影响。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-07-01
S C Riccillo, G E Topping, T Watterson
{"title":"Effects of stimulus level on vocal suppression in neonates.","authors":"S C Riccillo,&nbsp;G E Topping,&nbsp;T Watterson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 4 separate 4-min sessions, the crying behavior was recorded in msec of 45 normal neonates in either a calm or a crying state. In the sessions a random noise (RN) was or was not presented at 60, 70, or 80 db SPL. In the crying state, all Ss cried significantly less during RN than in quiet. The 15 Ss in Grp III cried significantly less to RN at 80 db than the 15 in Grp I at 60 db, while the 15 in Grp II at 70 db was not significantly different from either of the other 2 groups. Thus, vocal suppression occurred even for relatively low-level stimuli and there appears to be a linear relationship between stimulus strength and response strength. In the calm state, All Ss tended to remain calm regardless of stimulus presentation and there were no significant differences across groups. Similar test procedures may improve response reliability and validity in behavioral observation audiometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 3","pages":"183-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17601919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comfortable loudness levels for speech: effects of signal-to-noise ratios and instructions. 语音的舒适响度:信噪比和指令的影响。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-07-01
R C Beattie, B E Himes
{"title":"Comfortable loudness levels for speech: effects of signal-to-noise ratios and instructions.","authors":"R C Beattie,&nbsp;B E Himes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of S/N from +20 to -10 db on loudness levels of connected discourse with or without background cafeteria noise was investigated for one set of instructions sampling the most comfortable loudness level (MCLL) and a second set sampling the upper limit of CLL. Normal young adults (N:16) showed no significant differences for either set of instructions in quiet or from 20 to 0 db S/N but mn MCLL was about 5 db lower at -10 db. Elderly hearing-aid wearers (N:10, mn age: 77 yrs) yielded mn differences across S/N of less than 5 db for either set of instructions. No data indicate that the speech CLL accurately predicts optimal hearing-aid gain, while the literature indicates that occasionally the desired maximum intelligibility frequently is not obtained at the MCLL. We question whether MCLL for speech justifies its measurement. A discussion is presented of the Comfort Level Method of adjusting gain in hearing-aid evaluations and a perhaps preferable Threshold Level Method in which the test stimulus is presented at a level corresponding to the predicted threshold and the aid's volume control is adjusted until S just perceives the signal.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 3","pages":"213-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17601653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of psychophysical backward masking on human brain-stem responses (ABR). 心理物理反向掩蔽对人脑干反应的影响。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-07-01
S R Rizzo, H N Gutnick, H J Greenberg
{"title":"Effect of psychophysical backward masking on human brain-stem responses (ABR).","authors":"S R Rizzo,&nbsp;H N Gutnick,&nbsp;H J Greenberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A backward-masking (BWM) paradigm was used to obtain measurements on 4 normal young adults of psychophysical BWM and of the analogous electrophysiological masking from human auditory brain-stem responses. The same stimuli and Ss were used in both experiments. Psychophysical BWM was determined to a 100-musec click masked by a 100-msec white noise after time delays of 1, 5, 10, 25, and 100 msec and at noise masker levels of 50, 65, and 80 db SPL. As previously demonstrated, more psychophysical BWM occurs at short delta ts (1 to 10 msec) than at longer delays and masked thresholds are greater as masker level increases. In the electrophysiological experiment, using delta ts = 1, 5, and 10 msec, the extent to which wave V latency was affected by the following masker was determined for various experimental conditions. Wave V latency increased with a decrease in delta t, for maskers above probe level, except that latency was not significantly affected by any masker level at delta t = 10 msec.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 3","pages":"151-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17601916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Audiological investigation of palatal myoclonus. 腭肌阵挛的听力学研究。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-07-01
N C Meline, R L Fox
{"title":"Audiological investigation of palatal myoclonus.","authors":"N C Meline,&nbsp;R L Fox","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Palatal myoclonus, the rapid rhythmic contraction of palatal muscles, is a rare neurological disorder with many etiologies. Although most disease processes associated with this disorder affect the cerebellum, the auditory symptoms are often the first clue to diagnosis. Existing literature was reviewed in terms of auditory symptoms, pathophysiology, audiologic diagnostic procedures and rehabilitative strategies. In addition, a case study of a 34-yr-old woman who has had this highly peculiar degenerative disorder for over 20 yrs was described. Implications for appropriate rehabilitation strategies were addressed and the importance of comprehensive management was stressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 3","pages":"175-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17601918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Audibility curve of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). 山鹑(Colinus virginianus)听觉曲线。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-04-01
L Barton, E D Bailey, R W Gatehouse
{"title":"Audibility curve of bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus).","authors":"L Barton,&nbsp;E D Bailey,&nbsp;R W Gatehouse","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male Bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) (N:5) were initially handled, then trained upon hearing a 1.5-kc/s tone of 3-sec duration to approach a feeder-loudspeaker system and peck a response key for food reinforcement. Threshold testing in subsequent sessions using a method of limits established the species' audibility curve over 11 frequencies from .25-8 kc/s and at stimulus durations of 3 sec and for some at 200, 100, and 50 msec. A W-shaped audibility curve was obtained for the group with points of greatest sensitivity at 1 and 3.5 kc/s which were about 25 db more sensitive than the endpoints at .25 and 8 kc/s. These points of least and greatest sensitivity were not altered until the stimulus durations were shortened to 100 and 50 msec, respectively. To compare with regions of greatest sensitivity, sonographic representations of two major Bobwhite calls were drawn. There was a coincidence between the peak sensitivity at 1 kc/s and the major frequency in the adult \"separation\" call, and between the peak sensitivity at 3.5 kc/s and the chick \"lost\" call. Together, the audibility and sonographic data provided an interpretative base from which to suggest possible functional analysis of calls.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 2","pages":"87-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17602349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The nonauditory effects of noise: review and perspectives for research. 噪声的非听觉效应:综述与研究展望。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-04-01
D M DeJoy
{"title":"The nonauditory effects of noise: review and perspectives for research.","authors":"D M DeJoy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review considered 118 references classified according to nonauditory physiological effects, performance and behavioral effects, sleep disturbance, and communication interference. For each separate category of effect a brief summary was presented of relevant current research, the consequences of noise exposure were sketched, and research needs were suggested in experimental design, in stimulus control and specification, in experimental techniques, and as to appropriate subpopulations to be taken into account. Much was shown to have been accomplished in the past decade, but to date only sparse quantitative data have been reported to express the effects of noise as a dose-response function on physiological processes or on behavior. In almost all studies only a very modest fraction of variance was explainable. It seems especially important to consider other factors along with the physical characteristics of the noise, particularly the interactions of the noise with other toxic agents and with situational and personality factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 2","pages":"123-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17602344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Daily noise duration influences cardiovascular responses. 每日噪音持续时间影响心血管反应。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-04-01
E A Peterson, C L Haselton, J S Augenstein
{"title":"Daily noise duration influences cardiovascular responses.","authors":"E A Peterson,&nbsp;C L Haselton,&nbsp;J S Augenstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, third in a series on non-auditory health effects of noise, we provide data on the previously developed proposition that exposure to intense noise is linked with altered blood pressure regulation through the establishment of a long-term dose----response relationship between the two variables. We also sought to determine the effect of interposed rest sessions on the course of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) during 97 days of exposure to tape-recorded industrial noise. The stimulus, delivered to 2 female adult macaque monkeys (M. fascicularis) fitted with indwelling cannulas, consisted of pile-driver impacts and other construction noises presented either in 4-hr (Leq24 = 86.6 db) or 8-hr (Leq24 = 89.6 db) daily sessions. When compared to their pre-exposure responses, mean arterial pressure (MAP) for the Ss rose 8.2% during 4-hr and 16.5% during 8-hr exposure sessions, i.e., close to a doubling effect for a doubling of total energy. When compared with control monkeys (N:10) used in earlier studies, however, MAP rose in the present Ss only 44% for the same doubling of energy. In general, HR and BP displayed quite different tendencies during the per-exposure rest sessions and the post-exposure period: HR tended to return to baseline levels upon noise termination whereas MAP, once elevated, tended to remain significantly elevated. Applicability of the \"law\" of Initial Values was demonstrated for noise-induced BP increases, in the sense that the percentage of change in BP produced by 8-hr exposure sessions in the 2 present Ss was 16.5%, or somewhat less than that previously observed in exposed monkeys with lower baseline levels (i.e., 30.5%), even though absolute levels of per-exposure MAP were similar (i.e., 99 vs 100 mmHg) for the two sets of exposed monkeys.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 2","pages":"69-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17602347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling HTL of industrial workers using multiple regression and path analytic techniques. 运用多元回归和路径分析技术对产业工人的html进行建模。
The Journal of auditory research Pub Date : 1984-04-01
C R Smith, M R Seitz, T E Borton, R N Kleinstein, J N Wilmoth
{"title":"Modeling HTL of industrial workers using multiple regression and path analytic techniques.","authors":"C R Smith,&nbsp;M R Seitz,&nbsp;T E Borton,&nbsp;R N Kleinstein,&nbsp;J N Wilmoth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study compared path analytic with multiple regression analyses of hearing threshold levels (HTLs) on 258 adult textile workers evenly divided into low- and high-noise exposure groups. Demographic variables common in HTL studies were examined, with the addition of iris color, as well as selected two-way interactions. Variables of interest were similarly distributed in both groups. The results indicated that (1) different statistical procedures can lead to different conclusions even with the same HTL data for the same Ss; (2) conflicting conclusions may be artifacts of the analytic methodologies employed for data analysis; (3) a well-formulated theory under which path analytic techniques are employed may clarify somewhat the way a variable affects HTL values through its correlational connections with other antecedent variables included in the theoretical model; (4) multicollinearity among independent variables on which HTL is regressed usually presents a problem in unraveling exactly how each variable influences noise-induced hearing loss; and (5) because of the contradictory nature of its direct and indirect effects on HTL, iris color provides little, if any, explanatory assistance for modeling HTL.</p>","PeriodicalId":76646,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of auditory research","volume":"24 2","pages":"99-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17602352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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