American Journal of Science and Arts最新文献

Notice on recent additions to the marine fauna of the eastern coast of North America 关于北美东海岸最近增加的海洋动物群的通知

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-12-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.108.468

A. E. Verrill

引用次数: 11

On the character and intensity of the rays emitted by glowing platinum 发光的铂发出的射线的性质和强度

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-12-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.108.446

E. L. Nichols

{"title":"On the character and intensity of the rays emitted by glowing platinum","authors":"E. L. Nichols","doi":"10.2475/ajs.s3-18.108.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-18.108.446","url":null,"abstract":"IN 1860, Kircbhoff* issued bis well-known paper on the relation between tbe capacity of bodies for emitting and for absorbing rays. That essay made a new epoch in the science of Radiation. It offered the first complete proof and the first universal expression of a principle which had existed in tbe minds of scientists, more or less dimly, since the days of Euler.t Although the results of that treatise have been repeatedly confirmed by the experience of investigators in Optical Science and in the domain of Radiant Heat, there have been, so far as I know, in spite of the interesting character of Kirchhoff's Function I,:!: no attempts to measure its val ues. * Kirchhoff, Poggendorff's Annalen, cix j also, \"Untersnchnngen iiber das Sonnenspectrum-Anhang.\" t For earlier attempts to express what is now known as Kirchhoff's Law, see Euler, Opnscula Varii Argumenti, Berol. 1746 (Nova Theoria Lucia et Colorum, Cap. V). Pierre Prevo8t, Physische-mechanische Untersuchungen iiber die Warme, Halle, 1798. Angstrom, Pog-gendor:ff's Annalen, xciv., Balfonr Stewart, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1857·-58. * In the above-mentioned treatise Kirchhoff gives for I the following formula:","PeriodicalId":7651,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Science and Arts","volume":"7 1","pages":"446 - 468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1879-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77088679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Abstract of observations upon the artificial fertilization of oyster eggs, and on the embryology of the American oyster 牡蛎卵的人工受精和美洲牡蛎的胚胎学观察摘要

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-12-01 DOI: 10.2475/AJS.S3-18.108.425

W. Brooks

引用次数: 9

Observations on the planets Hersilia and Dido 对赫西莉亚和狄多行星的观测

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-12-01 DOI: 10.2475/AJS.S3-18.108.428

C. Peters

引用次数: 0

On triple objectives with complete color correction 在三个物镜上进行完全的色彩校正

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-12-01 DOI: 10.2475/AJS.S3-18.108.429

C. S. Hastings

{"title":"On triple objectives with complete color correction","authors":"C. S. Hastings","doi":"10.2475/AJS.S3-18.108.429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2475/AJS.S3-18.108.429","url":null,"abstract":"THE prime defect in the large refractors of tbe present day is the secondary spectrum. This, arising from the irrationality in the spectra. produced by the crown and flint glass, hardly noticeable in small apertures, detrimental in telescopes of medium power, is positively obnoxious in the large instl\"Uments and will speedily put an end to farther increase in dimensions. On this account thel·e have been many efforts to produce two kinds of glass differing sufficiently in dispersive power, which would still yield mutually rational spectra. As far as I know we are now no nearer success in this direction than when Brewster investigated the subject fifty years ago. Can we secure the same end by increasing the number of glasses in the objective? Theoretically, since a new disposable constant for color change is introduced with each lens in the system, tbe answer is evidently affirmative; but if we limit ourselves by the condition that the construction shall be practicable, i. e., that there shall not be too many lenses and the curvatures shall be moderate, the conclusion is not so read.y. On entering the discussion we will assume three as the limiting number of lenses and n the focal length as the minimum radius of curvature. The formula Tor tbe focal lengtb F of three thin lenses in","PeriodicalId":7651,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Science and Arts","volume":"91 1","pages":"429 - 435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1879-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80595793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the vapor-densities of peroxide of nitrogen, formic acid, acetic acid, and perchloride of phosphorus 氮的过氧化物、甲酸、乙酸和过氯磷的蒸气密度

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-11-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.371

J. Gibbs

引用次数: 1

On a secular inequality in the Moon's motion produced by the oblatness of the Earth 地球的扁平化造成了月球运动的长期不平等

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-11-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.387

J. N. Stockwell

引用次数: 0

Discovery of two new asteroids 发现两颗新的小行星

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-11-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.389

C. Peters

引用次数: 0

On the diamagnetic constants of bismuth and calc-spar in absolute measure 铋和钙晶石的绝对抗磁常数

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-11-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.360

H. Rowland, W. W. Jacques

{"title":"On the diamagnetic constants of bismuth and calc-spar in absolute measure","authors":"H. Rowland, W. W. Jacques","doi":"10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.360","url":null,"abstract":"SINCE my experiments on the magnetic constants of iron, nickel and cobalt, I have sought the means of determining those of some diamagnetic substances, and to that end have described a method in this Journal for May, 1875, (vol. ix, page 357). As Mr. Jacques, Fellow of the University, was willing to take up the experimental portion, I have here worked up the subject more in detail and brought the formulre into practical shape. No experiments have been made on this subject so far, but some rough comparisons with iron have been made by Becquerel, Plucker and Weber. But as iron varies so greatly, and as the methods of experiment are inexact, we cannot be said to know much about the subject. As, however, the relative results of these experiments and those of Faraday can be accepted as reasonably exact for diamagnetic substances and weak paramagnetic ones, it is only necessary to make a determination of one substance such as bismuth, and then the rest can be readily found. But as bismuth is very crystalline it is necessary to make our formulre general, unless we use bismuth in a powder, which would introduce errol'. The general method of experiment has been indicated in the paper before referred to, but I may here state that it consists in counting the number of vibrations made by a bar hung in the usual manner between the poles of an electromagnet. The distribution of the magnetic force in the field being known, we can then calculate the force acting on the body, and the comparison of this with the time of vibration gives us the means of determining the constant sought. But I will leave the more exact description to be given by Mr. Jacques in the experimental part. Explomtion of .field.","PeriodicalId":7651,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Science and Arts","volume":"10 1","pages":"360 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1879-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87234384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

On a resonant tuning fork 在一个共振音叉上

American Journal of Science and Arts Pub Date : 1879-11-01 DOI: 10.2475/ajs.s3-18.107.395

T. Edison

引用次数: 0