Agronomie最新文献_第3页

Effect of nitrogen fertilizers and Trichoderma harzianum on Sclerotium rolfsii 氮肥与哈兹木霉对罗氏菌核菌的影响

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004026

Naima Khattabi, B. Ezzahiri, L. Louali, A. Oihabi

{"title":"Effect of nitrogen fertilizers and Trichoderma harzianum on Sclerotium rolfsii","authors":"Naima Khattabi, B. Ezzahiri, L. Louali, A. Oihabi","doi":"10.1051/AGRO:2004026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/AGRO:2004026","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of urea, sulfate ammonium, nitrate potassium and horse manure on S. rolfsii was tested in vitro, alone and in combination with T. harzianum. Tests on liquid culture media showed that Sclerotium rolfsii did not utilize urea as a source of nitrogen while sulfate ammonium and nitrate potassium allowed the growth of the fungus. On a solid medium, the fertilizers at rates of 12 g N.m -2 and 18 g N.m -2 had an inhibitory effect on the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii mycelium. The highest effect was observed for urea. In contrast, Trichoderma harzianum assimilated all fertilizers but had a preference for sulfate ammonium. The antagonistic activity of Trichoderma harzianum on Sclerotium rolfsii on solid culture media was stimulated in the presence of the three nitrogen sources. The horse manure at high rates inhibited the growth of S. rolfsii, favored the development of T. harzianum and enhanced its antagonistic effect on S. rolfsii. The confrontation of Trichoderma harzianum with sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii in soil fertilized separately with urea, sulfate ammonium, nitrate potassium or manure showed an increase in the antagonistic activity. Particularly, the manure in combination with T. harzianum induced high mortality of sclerotia of the fungus. In the agronomic context of the region of Doukkala, it seems adequate to add these nitrogen sources to contribute to the biological control of Sclerotium rolfsii.","PeriodicalId":7644,"journal":{"name":"Agronomie","volume":"70 1","pages":"281-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72727104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Soluble phosphorus dynamics in an agricultural watershed 农业流域可溶性磷动态

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004021

L. Jordan-Meille, J. Dorioz

引用次数: 19

An in situ incubation technique to measure the contribution of organic nitrogen to potatoes 一种测定马铃薯有机氮贡献的原位培养技术

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004022

M. Rodrigues

{"title":"An in situ incubation technique to measure the contribution of organic nitrogen to potatoes","authors":"M. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1051/AGRO:2004022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/AGRO:2004022","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments which consisted of the incubation of soil within polyvinylchloride (PVC) tubes inserted in glass jars previously buried in potato crop rows were conducted in order to measure the contribution of soil organic matter and organic amendments to the N nutrition of the crop. The experiments were carried out in Braganca, NE Portugal, in the summer seasons of 1996-1998. Five treatments including farmyard manure, poultry manure, municipal solid wastes, urea and the control were used. Manures and urea were applied in rates which correspond to 100 kg N/ha. Nitrogen released from soil organic matter and manures was checked through crop N recovered and petiole nitrate concentrations. In the plots of urea treatments 80.1, 68.4 and 98.8 mg NO 3 -N kg -1 were released during the entire growing seasons of 1996, 1997 and 1998, respectively. In the control treatments 64.1, 41.5 and 55.4 mg NO 3 -N kg -1 were recorded. The mean values of NO 3 -N yielded from amended plots were not statistically different than control, excluding the plots of poultry manure on the initial sampling dates at the start of incubation. The measured amounts of inorganic N mineralized in the field from native soil organic matter were five to eight times higher than previous laboratory estimates from soil analysis. These results demonstrated that soils with low levels of organic matter could release significant amounts of inorganic N during a cropping season. Soil N availability estimated from the incubation technique was confirmed by petiole nitrate concentrations and closely related to the crop N recovered. However, in the plots of urea treatments some inconsistencies were found, probably originating from the leaching of urea as a molecular form to layers below the limit of soil coring. Soil N balance showed that more than 82% of inorganic N released from organic matter came from the 14-cm soil surface layer.","PeriodicalId":7644,"journal":{"name":"Agronomie","volume":"4 1","pages":"249-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82493152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Control of the moisture content of growing media by time domain reflectometry (TDR) 用时域反射法(TDR)控制生长介质的含水量

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-07-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004023

P. Morel, J. Michel

{"title":"Control of the moisture content of growing media by time domain reflectometry (TDR)","authors":"P. Morel, J. Michel","doi":"10.1051/AGRO:2004023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/AGRO:2004023","url":null,"abstract":"The irrigation of pot crops requires considerable follow-up because the autonomy of the water reserve of the growing medium is low in relation to plant water requirements. Computerised systems for irrigation management are therefore under investigation. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used on different peat-based mixtures to which perlite or composted bark were added in volumetric ratios of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. Calibration equations (linear or polynomial) established between the water content and dielectric constant were obtained for each mixture. Their precision is highly satisfactory (R 2 > 0.95), except for the mixture with 100% perlite. However, this method requires an equation per growing medium. We therefore attempted to establish a general formula that could be applied to binary peat-based mixtures. We tested second-order polynomial calibration equations, a function of the dielectric constant measured as well as the volume percent of complementary material added to the peat (bark or perlite). The precision of these equations is excellent for all mixtures (R 2 > 0.96). For all practical purposes, this approach would considerably simplify the use of TDR for computerised irrigation management because it would introduce only a limited number of parametric equations into the irrigation system.","PeriodicalId":7644,"journal":{"name":"Agronomie","volume":"17 1","pages":"275-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81903445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Fate of isoproturon in two Moroccan soils 异proturon在两种摩洛哥土壤中的命运

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-05-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004019

Kaouakeb Elkhattabi, A. Bouhaouss, C. Perrin-Ganier, M. Schiavon

引用次数: 8

A methodology to test the pertinence of remote-sensing data assimilation into vegetation models for water and energy exchange at the land surface 一种测试遥感数据同化与地表水能量交换植被模型相关性的方法

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-05-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004017

J. Pellenq, G. Boulet

引用次数: 40

Analyzing the determinants of spatial distribution of weed control practices in a Languedoc vineyard catchment 朗格多克葡萄园集水区杂草控制措施空间分布的影响因素分析

Agronomie Pub Date : 2004-05-01 DOI: 10.1051/AGRO:2004018

A. Biarnès, P. Rio, Aurélie Hocheux