Almanac of Clinical Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The association between exosomal proteins and the efficacy of thermoradiochemotherapy in overweight/obese rectal cancer patients: a pilot prospective cohort study","authors":"N. Yunusova, D. Svarovsky, Artem I. Konovalov, D. Kostromitsky, I. V. Kondakova, A. Usova, I. Frolova, Evgeniya A. Sidenko, G. Kakurina, Lyubov V. Gerdt, A. Grigor’eva, Zhanna A. Startseva","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Overweight and especially obesity are associated with the risk of the development and progression of colorectal cancer. It can be assumed that there are multifaceted interactions between the tumor and adipose tissue during anti-tumor treatment. Cancer cells secrete exosomes, extracellular vesicles affecting the microenvironment of the tumor and promoting its progression or regression. The presence of transcription/translation/folding factors (heat shock proteins (HSPs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in exosomes secreted by irradiated cells and cells exposed to hyperthermia, indicates the cell adaptation to the thermal and radiation stress. \u0000Aim: To analyze the MMPs, TIMP1, and HSPs on CD9-positive (CD9+) exosomes, as well as on exosomes of adipocytic origin (FABP4+) in rectal cancer patients with overweight/obesity under thermoradiochemotherapy (TRCT) and their association with the immediate treatment efficacy. \u0000Methods: Since 2021, 20 patients (of those 8 men; median age 59.0 [52.0; 63.0] years, median body mass index 29.6 [28.5; 33.1] kg/m2) with morphologically verified rectal cancer (T3-4N0M0 and T3-4N1M0, differentiation grade G1–G3) have been participating in the study. They were treated with TRCT: external gamma therapy (2 Gy, 1 fraction/day, 5 days/week, total focal dose 54 Gy), chemotherapy with capecitabine (825 mg/m2 twice daily) combined with local hyperthermia (42–44 °C, 60 min, 3 times/week, 10 sessions). The TRCT efficacy was assessed by RECIST 1.1 and ESGAR criteria. Blood samples for exosomes were taken from the patients at baseline (point 1), in the middle of the treatment course (point 2), at 6 to 10 weeks after the end of TRCT (point 3), and at 6 months after point 1 (point 4). Small extracellular vesicles were isolated from plasma by ultrafiltration with double ultracentrifugation. The isolated exosomes were characterized by transmission electronic microscopy, flow cytometry and nanoparticle trajectory analysis (NTA). \u0000Results: TRCT resulted in complete tumor regression in 13/20 of the rectal cancer patients and partial regression or stabilization in 7/20. Four subpopulations of CD9+ and FABP4+ exosomes associated with the TRCT efficacy were identified (CD9+MMP2+, СD9+MMP2+9+TIMP1+, СD9+MMP2+9+TIMP1-, and FABP4+MMP2+9-TIMP1+). Compared to the CD9+ exosomes, the adipocytic vesicles had higher MMP2 expression (p = 0.026); however, the adipocyte vesicles subpopulation were virtually free of vesicles with combined MMP2 and MMP9 gelatinase expression. The HSPs expression by circulating exosomes at various TRCT steps was associated neither with direct treatment efficacy nor with the vesicle type. \u0000Conclusion: The expression of MMPs and TIMP1 on CD9+ and FABP4+ exosomes is associated with TRCT efficacy. In the future, vesicular markers could be used to build prognostic models, to identify patient groups with an unfavorable prognosis, and to personalize treatment and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Del Nido versus cold crystalloid cardioplegia for myocardial protection during ventricular septal defect repair in children under one year of age: a prospective randomized trial","authors":"P. V. Lazarkov, Ekaterina N. Orekhova, O. Khlynova","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2024-52-001","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: The choice of strategy for myocardial protection during procedures with cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest in children is not regulated by clinical guidelines due to insufficient data from clinical studies. The issue of methods to assess myocardial injury remains unresolved. \u0000Aim: To assess the frequency and specifics of the development of intraoperative myocardial injury syndrome in children of the first year of life with ventricular septal defect depending on the strategy for cardioplegia. \u0000Materials and methods: In a single center, prospective, randomized controlled trial we compared two cardioplegia strategies during surgical closure of ventricular septal defect in infants aged from 1 to 12 months: del Nido blood cardioplegia (n = 102) and cold crystalloid cardioplegia with Custodiol solution (n = 102). The primary endpoint was a persistent over 10-fold increase above the upper limit of the normal in the plasma concentration of high-sensitivity troponin I at 6 hours after surgery persisting after 24 hours. The secondary combined endpoint was myocardial damage verified by persistent increase in troponin I level more than 10-fold above the upper limit of the normal, persisting at 6 and 24 hours, accompanied by new pathological Q waves, acute complete left bundle branch block, abnormalities of the end part of the ventricular complex on the electrocardiography (ST segment elevation 1 mm or ST depression of 1 mm in more than 2 adjacent leads), and a decrease in the global longitudinal strain of the left ventricle by 50% from the initial value at 6 hours after surgery. \u0000Results: In 53/204 (26%) patients, the increase in troponin I persisted at 24 hours after the surgery and was associated with electrocardiography abnormalities, changes in the parameters of left ventricle longitudinal mechanics, and in some cases required greater inotropic support. By the end of the 1st postoperative 24 hours, the longitudinal strain of the left ventricle showed more negative changes over time in the Custodiol group compared to that in the del Nido group (-10 [-14.1; -6.27] versus -14.8 [- 16.5; -10]%; p 0.0001). The same was true for the left ventricle global strain rate (-0.71 [-0.9; -0.52] s-1 in the del Nido group and -0.57 [-0.760; - 0.44] s-1 in the Custodiol group; p = 0.0049). The primary endpoint was achieved by 21 (20.6%) and 55 (53.9%) patients in the del Nido and Custodiol groups, respectively (p = 0.032). The combined endpoint in the Custodiol group was achieved by 34 (33.3%) versus 19 (18.6%) patients in the del Nido group (p = 0.049, χ2 = 3.875, DF = 1, φ = 0.191). \u0000Conclusion: Del Nido blood cardioplegia compared to cold crystalloid cardioplegia with Custodiol has advantages in terms of preventing intraoperative myocardial damage and minimizing its severity. When assessing myocardial damage, such indicators as left ventricle global longitudinal strain and left ventricle global strain rate are informative, along with an increase","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of negative wound pressure in the treatment of surgical complications after radical cystectomy: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Mariya V. Berkut, A. M. Belyaev, Nikolay F. Krotov, Marina E. Karaseva, Aleksander K. Nosov","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-039","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Negative pressure wound treatment (NPWT) is a relatively new, but promising method for management of surgical site infection (SSI). The literature data on the use of NPWT for complications in oncology surgery, and after radical cystectomy (RC) in particular, is scarce. Aim: To evaluate the short-term results of NPWT dressings in the management of SSI after RC. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 446 patients who had RC with various uroderivation types in the Department of Oncourology of the N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology from January 2012 to December 2021. A total of 62 cases of SSI emerging up to day 30 after RC were identified with complete data. Thirty six (36) cases of SSI were managed according to standard procedures, and 26 patients with SSI were treated with NPWT (VivanoTec® S 042) at constant negative pressure mode. The physical condition of the patients before RC was assessed according to the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification, and the severity of the patient's condition at SSI diagnosis within APACHE II scale. The following parameters were also analyzed: body mass index, median number of days in the hospital, number of program wound sanitations (surgical debridement) or frequency of changing NPWT dressings, changes over time in C-reactive protein and leukocyte index of intoxication, and events of clinical interest (intestinal fistulas and lateralization of the median wound margins, hernias). Results: Most cases of post-RC SSIs were identified in men (57/62, 91.93%). The standard management and NPWT study groups were well balanced for age, body mass index, and ASA physical status. The median time from the first surgical debridement of the wound to its closure was significantly shorter in the standard surgical management group: 4 days (0; 8.75) versus 8.5 days (3.25; 12.0) in the NPWT group (p = 0.026). However, this did not negatively affect the length of hospitalization (28.08 ± 12.80 and 30.03 ± 16.27 days, respectively, p = 0.599). The 30-day mortality rates were not significantly different between the groups (p = 0.137). In our series with NPWT dressings, there were no cases of intestinal fistulas in the early and late postoperative periods. Conclusion: Negative pressure wound treatment is a safe and effective method of SSI management. It is not inferior to the generally accepted treatment standard with surgical wound debridement, staged sanitations or dressings. NPWT dressings allow for early primary muscular-fascial closure of the abdominal cavity and does not increase the duration of hospital stay, postoperative death rates and the risk of intestinal fistulas.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance to dopamine agonists in the treatment of prolactinomas: diagnostic criteria, mechanisms and ways to overcome it","authors":"Irena A. Ilovayskaya, G. R. Vagapova","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-040","url":null,"abstract":"The priority treatment approach for prolactinomas is therapy with dopamine agonists, which allows for elimination of clinical symptoms, normalization of prolactin levels, reduction of the adenoma size and prevention of metabolic abnormalities in the majority of patients. Nevertheless, 10 to 20% of patients are resistant to dopamine agonists. The aim of this review is to analyze literature data on the source mechanisms and potential ways to overcome the resistance of prolactinomas to dopamine agonists. The criteria of a prolactinoma's resistance to dopamine agonists are as follows: 1) no normalization of serum prolactin levels and/or 2) no reduction of the adenoma volume by at least 50% after treatment of bromocriptine at a dose of ≤ 15 mg/day or cabergoline at a dose of ≤ 3 mg/week for at least 6 months. Full resistance is characterized by both no biochemical and no anti-tumor effects, whereas in partial resistance, prolactin levels can be decreased but not normalized, or the adenoma size can be reduced by less than 50% of the initial. The clinical and morphological predictors of prolactinoma resistance to dopamine agonists are male gender, young age, big size of the adenoma and its invasion into the sinus cavernosus, hypointensive and/or heterogeneous MRI signal on Т2 weighed images, and cystic components within the tumor. The main molecular genetic markers are: decreased expression of dopamine and estrogen receptors, higher proliferation index Ki-67 ≤ 3%, as well as the MENIN, AIP, SF3B1, PRDM2 gene mutations. In case of resistance to bromocriptine, it is recommended to switch the patient to cabergoline. In partial resistance to standard doses of cabergoline, it is possible to increase the dose up to a maximally tolerated. Neurosurgery and/or radiation surgery is recommended in cases of full resistance to dopamine agonists or an aggressive tumor. For very aggressive/malignant tumors, or in the event of their extended growth after surgery, temozolomide is recommended as adjuvant therapy.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139156685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The clinical case of a combination of ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis in one patient: where is the intersection point?","authors":"O. Georginova, E. A. Makarov, Anton A. Budko, Vladimir G. Avdeev, Roman M. Gorbunov, M. Plotnikova, T. N. Krasnova","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-043","url":null,"abstract":"We describe a clinical observation of a 64-year old Caucasian patient with a longstanding ankylosing spondylitis, who was admitted to the clinic for diarrhea and joint syndrome. Physical and X-ray examination showed that his musculoskeletal system disorder was represented by ankylosing spondylitis, symmetrical erosive polyarthritis of the metacarpophalangeal joints, and wrist joint ankylosis. Laboratory work-up identified that the patient was HLA-B27 positive, had high rheumatoid factor and anti-citrulline antibodies levels. At colonoscopy, there were signs of ulcerative colitis. After the differential diagnosis procedures, we were able to conclude that the patient had a combination of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and ulcerative colitis as three independent but associated disorders. The first description of these three autoimmune diseases in one patient can be of interest for clinicians.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lichenoid and psoriasiform drug induced rush during imatinib therapy: a clinical case","authors":"A. Khlebnikova, V. Shikina, G. E. Bagramova","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-042","url":null,"abstract":"Tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is a standard agent for treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Treatment courses are quite long and are usually well tolerated. However, skin rash can occur on treatment, with a prevalence of 7 to 88.9%. We describe a clinical case of a patient with GIST, who has been on treatment with imatinib at daily dose of 400 mg for one year. Several weeks from the treatment initiation, she had facial edema, and 4 months thereafter psoriasiform rash appeared which was initially considered to be psoriatic. After 8 months, the patient had lichenoid rash on the inguinal skin and oral, tongue and vulvar mucosae. Clinically, the lichenoid rash was similar with lichen ruber planus. To confirm the diagnosis, we performed biopsy of psoriasiform and lichenoid foci. Histological examination verified the drug-induced rash. Topical treatment of psoriasiform rash with glucocorticosteroids resulted in regression of some plaques, although a proportion of them persisted. Inguinal and vulvar lichenoid rashes completely regressed and numbers of oral and tongue foci decreased after a 6-week daily application of the 0.1% tacrolimus cream. Treatment with imatinib 400 mg daily was not interrupted. The clinical observation illustrates the possibility of skin and mucosal lichenoid and psoriasiform rash simultaneously during treatment with imatinib and demonstrates the first successful experience in the treatment of lichenoid rashes with 0.1% tacrolimus cream.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes mellitus in acromegaly: prevalence, pathophysiological particulars and treatment strategies","authors":"Irena A. Ilovayskaya, G. Galstyan","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-037","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in acromegaly is significantly higher than that in the general population. Carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities often precede other phenotypic manifestations of acromegaly. The review presents data on the prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in acromegaly and describes their pathophysiological characteristics and approaches to treatment. \u0000Growth hormone (GH) excess is recognized as a key factor of glucose homeostasis abnormalities due to decreased insulin sensitivity (resulting from active lipolysis) and direct stimulation of insulin secretion. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) improves insulin sensitivity; however, the GH diabetogenic effects prevail over the insulin-sensitizing impact of IGF1. Surgical and radiation treatment for somatotropinoma may indirectly improve carbohydrate metabolism, because they decrease the GH levels. Treatment with first generation somatostatin analogues can both improve glycemic control due to decreased GH levels and worsen it due to deterioration of postprandial insulin release, especially in patients with already manifest carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant blocks the effects of excess GH on the target tissues without suppressing insulin secretion, which results in better glucose control; treatment with this agent can be preferred in patients with acromegaly and diabetes mellitus. Management of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in acromegaly is done in accordance with general treatment principles for type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of VEGFA gene rs2010963 polymorphism with cervical cancer and its progression","authors":"Artem V. Rogalev, Maria S. Kishenya, Svetlana V. Pishchulina, E. V. Khomutov","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-041","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical cancer is the most common type of female genital malignancies. In Russia, its incidence is 17 to 19 cases per 100,000 of female population. Cervical cancer is characterized by high activity, rapid development of radio/chemoresistance and unfavorable prognosis. To assess the risk of recurrence, metastasis and choice of the optimal treatment strategy, factors related to the disease progression are under study. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression is related to tumor angiogenesis and poor outcome in various cancer types, including cervical cancer. \u0000Aim: To study an association between the rs2010963 polymorphism of the VEGFA gene and risk of development and progression of cervical cancer. \u0000Materials and methods: This case-control study included 120 women (aged 49 [42; 65] years) with cervical cancer stage I-II and 112 women without cervical or other types of cancer. Based on the results of histological examination, two subgroups were formed: the one with tumor emboli (TE+) in the tumor vasculature and surrounding tissues (n = 41, 34.17%) and the other without tumor emboli (TE-) (n = 79, 65.83%). The polymorphic DNA loci of the rs2010963 VEGFA gene were analyzed by real time polymerase chain reaction. \u0000Results: In the patients, cervical cancer has associated with the VEGFA gene allelic polymorphism rs2010963 (χ2 = 5.47; p = 0.021). The minor C allele increased risk of cervical cancer by 1.6-fold (odds ratio (ОR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-2.31), and the ancestral G allele reduced the cervical cancer probability (ОR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43-0.93). The genotypes distribution in the dominant model (GG and GC + CC) confirmed the association of the rs2010963 VEGFA gene polymorphism with cervical cancer (χ2 = 4.73; p = 0.031), specifically, if there was a minor C allele in the genotype (GC + CC). We found that the association of the rs2010963 VEGFA gene polymorphism with TE in the tumor vessels and surrounding tissues was a predictor of unfavorable progression and metastasis of cervical cancer (χ2 = 3.94; р = 0.049). The minor C allele increased the risk of TE by 1.7-fold (ОR 1.72, 95% CI 1.004-2.98), whereas the ancestral G allele reduced this chance (ОR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34-0.996). \u0000Conclusion: The C allele of the rs2010963 polymorphism of the VEGFA gene is a risk factor for cervical cancer, as well as a risk factor for the development of tumor emboli.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic injury of colon mucosa as a first manifestation of Takayasu arteritis in a young female patient: challenges in the differential diagnosis","authors":"Maina E. Akhmedova, Nina A. Fadeeva, Diana S. Filina, I. D. Loranskaya","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-038","url":null,"abstract":"Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a type of chronic large vessel vasculitis, which most often affects the aorta and its main branches as a kind of destructive-productive segmental aortitis and subaortic panarteritis, with possible obliteration of their orifices. Clinical picture of TA may be different depending on the nature and localization of the pathological process. \u0000We present a clinical case of ischemic injury of the colon mucosa in TA in a young (21 year old) female patient after she had a novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Due to ineffectiveness of out-patient treatment of ulcerative colitis, as well as complaints that were not meeting the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis, the patient was referred for additional examination and treatment modification in inpatient settings. Taking into account her diarrheal syndrome at the disease onset, the ileocolonoscopy results (rectal and colonic erosions), the results of histological examination (diffuse leukocytic infiltration of the mucosa, lymphoid infiltration of submucosa of the colon), elevation of proinflammatory markers, involvement of the inferior mesenteric artery at ultrasound dopplerography, the differential diagnosis was made between the TA overlap syndrome with inflammatory bowel diseases and TA-associated ischemic colitis. The assessment results made it possible to exclude inflammatory bowel diseases, to establish the diagnosis of TA and to consider colonic mucosa abnormalities as ischemic with underlying disease. \u0000The clinical case described is a rare event of intestinal ischemia as a first TA manifestation. Given the increasing worldwide prevalence of TA, especially after the new coronavirus infection pandemic, it is necessary to include this rare cause of gastrointestinal vasculitis to the differential diagnostic search, since mesenteric ischemia is one of the main causes of death in AT patients.","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138590492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of the hormonal agents effects on the plasma hemostasis system in women of reproductive age","authors":"O. N. Startseva, N. N. Zybina, Elena Y. Zharova, T. Vavilova","doi":"10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18786/2072-0505-2023-51-036","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With the evolution of hormonal contraception, such as implementation of low dose agents, new regiments and administration routes of contraceptives, the risk of thrombotic complications persists, although is decreasing. The search for an available test for hemostasis assessment, which would allow for the prediction of thrombotic complications in high risk patients, remains relevant. Global tests for hemostasis assessment, such as thrombin generation test and thrombodynamics test, are attracting the specialists' attention due to the possibility of a quick integrative assessment of plasma hemostasis, especially during choice and tailoring of an optimal version of hormonal therapy. Aim: To assess the value of the integral thrombodynamics test in the multifactorial assessment of hemostasis system in women of reproductive age using hormonal contraceptives. Materials and methods: This observational prospective comparative study included 408 women aged 18 to 49 years followed from 2018 to 2022 in The Nikiforov Russian Center of Emergency and Radiation Medicine and Centre of Miscarriage Prevention and Treatment of the Maternity Hospital No. 1, St. Petersburg. From these, 208 women (mean age, 38.0 ± 7.0 years) were taking hormonal contraceptives (HC+ group), and 200 women (mean age, 37.5 ± 9.2 years) were in the control group (HC-). In the HC+ group, 163 women were taking combination oral contraceptives, 24 had an intrauterine levonorgestrel-releasing system, 8 used vaginal rings, and 13 were using progestin only oral contraceptives. Multifactorial clinical and laboratory assessment included taking past history, measurement of pro- and anticoagulation blood parameters, fibrinolysis, and endothelial function parameters (automatic coagulometer ACL TOP 500, Instrumentation Laboratory, USA). The integral assessment of the hemostasis system was performed with Thrombodynamics Registrator T-2 (Hemacor, Russia). Results: The groups were similar as per their age, chronic venous insufficiency and smoking. The HC+ group had significantly higher proportion of women with cardiovascular disorders (p = 0.0037), obesity (p = 0.0004), and headache (p 0.0001), compared to the HC- group. The thrombodynamics test showed a significantly higher rate of clot formation in the women taking hormonal contraception, compared to that in the HC- group (36.2 [30.1; 43.6] and 30.3 [28.0; 33.6] mcm/min, respectively, р 0.001). Hypercoagulation identified by the thrombodynamics test was associated with slowing down of XIIа-dependent fibrinolysis (6 [5; 8] min in the HC- and 12.8 [8; 16] min in the HC+ group, p 0,001) and higher levels of endothelial dysfunction markers (FVIII, 113 [85; 156] and 150 [107; 180]%, p = 0.015; vFW, 98 [85; 133] and 146 [95; 168]%, respectively, p = 0.003). The analysis of plasma hemostasis parameters depending on the presence of thromboembolic risk factors has shown that higher number of the risk factors is associated with higher velocity paramet","PeriodicalId":7638,"journal":{"name":"Almanac of Clinical Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139213326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}