Progress in liver diseases最新文献

{"title":"Migratory nonparenchymal cells after organ allotransplantation: with particular reference to chimerism and the liver.","authors":"T E Starzl,&nbsp;A J Demetris,&nbsp;A S Rao,&nbsp;A W Thomson,&nbsp;M Trucco,&nbsp;N Murase","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence has been summarized that the migration from organ allografts of donor leukocytes of bone marrow origin and their ubiquitous persistence in recipient tissues is the previous unrecognized seminal explanation for allograft acceptance, and the first stage in the development of donor-specific nonreactivity (tolerance). The unusual immunologic privilege of the liver (called hepatic tolerogenicity) has been explained by its heavy content of leukocytes and its diverse lineage profile that includes precursor dendritic cells. In a direct extension of this new and generically applicable paradigm of transplantation immunology, unconditioned patients have been infused with donor bone marrow cells on the day of cadaveric liver, renal, and heart transplantation and treated otherwise with standard FK506-prednisone immunosuppression. All of the first 16 patients on this protocol have good whole organ function 2.5 to 13 months later. Using flow cytometry and qualitative or quantitative PCR techniques to detect donor HLA alleles, and with study of Y chromosomes in female recipients of male organs, persistent multilineage leukocyte chimerism was regularly found in the blood of these recipients. Rejection was diagnosed and successfully treated in 9 (56%) of these first 16 patients and transient GVHD in 2 (12.5%). Sustained donor-specific hyporeactivity as early as 40 days postoperatively was demonstrable with in vitro tests in the majority of these recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"191-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18748532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellular iron homeostasis: a paradigm for mechanisms of posttranscriptional control of gene expression.","authors":"J B Harford","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"47-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18748534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in hepatitis D virus biology and disease.","authors":"A Smedile,&nbsp;M Rizzetto,&nbsp;J L Gerin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies over the last decade have defined the natural history and diagnostic features of hepatitis D. Whereas hepatitis D encompasses a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, patients usually have severe and progressive liver disease. In areas of high endemicity such as Italy, hepatitis D accounts for a significant proportion of requests for liver transplantation. Research interest is now focused on the underlying mechanisms of HDV pathogenesis and identification of the specific interactions of HDV/HBV/host that influence the clinical outcome. Much has been learned about the virology of HDV and its interactions with its helper, HBV. However, little is known about the host response to HDV infection and whether certain immune responses to HDV gene products can modulate the disease course, although there has been some evidence in an animal model that this might be the case. The unique characteristics of HDV replication, eg, autocatalytic self-cleavage and editing of the viral RNA, may influence the disease course and the heterogeneity of HDV genome sequence found in various geographic settings may in part account for the spectrum of disease outcomes by influencing the efficiency of any number of complex interactions. Fortunately, in vitro and in vivo experimental systems are available to address many of these issues and, indeed, further research may identify specific and novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Current medical therapy for hepatitis D is unsatisfactory. The only drug of proven benefit, recombinant interferon, brings relief to only a small proportion of hepatitis D patients. Other antiviral drugs have failed in clinical trials, although studies with some drugs are currently in progress. Fortunately, liver transplantation provides a valid option, because HDV reinfection of the graft occurs much less frequently than does HBV reinfection of HBV transplants and can be adequately prevented by the administration of anti-HBs immunoglobulin. Because of the critical contribution of HBV to the life cycle of HDV, universal immunization against HBV infection represents the ultimate solution for the eradication of hepatitis D. Mass vaccination for HBV and other public health measures for the control of blood-borne pathogens have already resulted in a dramatic decrease in hepatitis D in Italy.</p>","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"157-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18750638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical considerations in liver transplantation.","authors":"D K Martin,&nbsp;P A Singer,&nbsp;M Siegler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"215-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18748533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transjugular portosystemic shunts: current status.","authors":"M Rossle,&nbsp;E J Ring","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"177-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18747942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular genetics and regulation of bile acid biosynthesis.","authors":"P B Hylemon,&nbsp;R T Stravitz,&nbsp;Z R Vlahcevic","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"99-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18748536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic schistosomiasis.","authors":"J H McKerrow,&nbsp;E Sun","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"121-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18750636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation and function of liver gap junctions and their genes.","authors":"D C Spray,&nbsp;S Bai,&nbsp;R D Burk,&nbsp;J C Saez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18750635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of function in the hepatic acinus: intercellular communication in neural and humoral control of liver metabolism.","authors":"G P Püschel,&nbsp;K Jungermann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"19-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18747943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytochrome P450: evolution and functional diversity.","authors":"D W Nebert,&nbsp;R A McKinnon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76373,"journal":{"name":"Progress in liver diseases","volume":"12 ","pages":"63-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18748535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}