Progress in allergy最新文献

{"title":"Interleukin-5.","authors":"A. N. McKenzie, C. Sanderson","doi":"10.1201/9781003067405-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003067405-18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"51 1","pages":"135-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44582338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vertebrate brains and evolutionary connectomics: on the origins of the mammalian 'neocortex'.","authors":"Harvey J Karten","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2015.0060","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rstb.2015.0060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The organization of the non-mammalian forebrain had long puzzled neurobiologists. Unlike typical mammalian brains, the telencephalon is not organized in a laminated 'cortical' manner, with distinct cortical areas dedicated to individual sensory modalities or motor functions. The two major regions of the telencephalon, the basal ventricular ridge (BVR) and the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR), were loosely referred to as being akin to the mammalian basal ganglia. The telencephalon of non-mammalian vertebrates appears to consist of multiple 'subcortical' groups of cells. Analysis of the nuclear organization of the avian brain, its connections, molecular properties and physiology, and organization of its pattern of circuitry and function relative to that of mammals, collectively referred to as 'evolutionary connectomics', revealed that only a restricted portion of the BVR is homologous to the basal ganglia of mammals. The remaining dorsal regions of the DVR, wulst and arcopallium of the avian brain contain telencephalic inputs and outputs remarkably similar to those of the individual layers of the mammalian 'neocortex', hippocampus and amygdala, with instances of internuclear connections strikingly similar to those found between cortical layers and within radial 'columns' in the mammalian sensory and motor cortices. The molecular properties of these 'nuclei' in birds and reptiles are similar to those of the corresponding layers of the mammalian neocortex. The fundamental pathways and cell groups of the auditory, visual and somatosensory systems of the thalamus and telencephalon are homologous at the cellular, circuit, network and gene levels, and are of great antiquity. A proposed altered migration of these homologous neurons and circuits during development is offered as a mechanism that may account for the altered configuration of mammalian telencephalae. </p>","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2015-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4650131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86920770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Killer Cells","authors":"K. Kärre, J. Zerrahn","doi":"10.1002/9780470688618.TAW0087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470688618.TAW0087","url":null,"abstract":"1 \u0000Definition and General Characteristics of Natural Killer Cells \u0000 \u00002 \u0000Specificity of NK Cells–A Balance between Activating and Inhibitory Receptors \u0000 \u00003 \u0000NK Cells in Infections \u0000 \u00004 \u0000Parasite Infections \u0000 \u00005 \u0000NK Cells in Cancer \u0000 \u00006 \u0000NK Cells in Transplantation \u0000 \u00007 \u0000NK Cells in Pregnancy \u0000 \u00008 \u0000NK Cells in Autoimmune Diseases \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Keywords: \u0000 \u0000natural killer (NK) cells; \u0000specificity of NK cells-balance between activating and inhibitory receptors; \u0000NK cells in infections and NK cells in cancer; \u0000microbiology oriented NK cell research; \u0000NK cell identification and isolation and cell surface markers; \u0000NK cell function in vitro and in vivo; \u0000activating receptors in LY49 family; \u0000MCMV and HCMV-well-studied infections with respect to NK cells","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"138 1","pages":"66-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77426783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosetting and autoagglutination in Plasmodium falciparum.","authors":"V. Fernández, M. Wahlgren","doi":"10.1159/000058844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"80 1","pages":"163-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65000425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria and the immune system in humans.","authors":"P. Perlmann, M. Troye-Blomberg","doi":"10.1159/000058846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058846","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria infection gives rise to host responses which are regulated by both the innate and adaptive immune system as well as by environmental factors. Acquired immunity is both speciesand stage-specific. It is rarely sterile, but rather associated with low-grade parasitemia and episodes of clinical disease throughout life [1, 2]. In endemic areas, children born to immune mothers are protected against disease during their first half year of life by maternal antibodies. This passive immunity is followed by 1or 2 years of increased susceptibility before acquisition of active immunity [1]. In general, acquisition of active immunity to malaria is slow and requires repeated parasite exposure to be maintained. Genetic variability of both the human host and the parasite, parasite-induced immunosuppression and other reasons account for this instability [3]. In this chapter we will discuss the immune regulation of malaria blood-stage infection in humans, focussing on Plasmodium falciparum, the most widely spread and dangerous of the human parasites.","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"41 1","pages":"229-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058846","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65000147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergy to basidiomycetes.","authors":"A. Helbling, K. Brander, W. Horner, S. Lehrer","doi":"10.1159/000058861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058861","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"81 1","pages":"28-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65000802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxins of filamentous fungi.","authors":"D. Bhatnagar, Jiujiang Yu†, K. Ehrlich","doi":"10.1159/000058867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058867","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins are low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites of fungi. The most significant mycotoxins are contaminants of agricultural commodities, foods and feeds. Fungi that produce these toxins do so both prior to harvest and during storage. Although contamination of commodities by toxigenic fungi occurs frequently in areas with a hot and humid climate (i.e. conditions favorable for fungal growth), they can also be found in temperate conditions. Production of mycotoxins is dependent upon the type of producing fungus and environmental conditions such as the substrate, water activity (moisture and relative humidity), duration of exposure to stress conditions and microbial, insect or other animal interactions. Although outbreaks of mycotoxicoses in humans have been documented, several of these have not been well characterized, neither has a direct correlation between the mycotoxin and resulting toxic effect been well established in vivo. Even though the specific modes of action of most of the toxins are not well established, acute and chronic effects in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, including humans have been reported. The toxicity of the mycotoxins varies considerably with the toxin, the animal species exposed to it, and the extent of exposure, age and nutritional status. Most of the toxic effects of mycotoxins are limited to specific organs, but several mycotoxins affect many organs. Induction of cancer by some mycotoxins is a major concern as a chronic effect of these toxins. It is nearly impossible to eliminate mycotoxins from the foods and feed in spite of the regulatory efforts at the national and international levels to remove the contaminated commodities. This is because mycotoxins are highly stable compounds, the producing fungi are ubiquitous, and food contamination can occur both before and after harvest. Nevertheless, good farm management practices and adequate storage facilities minimize the toxin contamination problems. Current research is designed to develop natural biocontrol competitive fungi and to enhance host resistance against fungal growth or toxin production. These efforts could prevent toxin formation entirely. Rigorous programs for reducing the risk of human and animal exposure to contaminated foods and feed also include economically feasible and safe detoxification processes and dietary modifications. Although risk assessment has been made for some mycotoxins, additional, systematic epidemological data for human exposure is needed for establishing toxicological parameters for mycotoxins and the safe dose for humans. It is unreasonable to expect complete elimination of the mycotoxin problem. But multiple approaches will be needed to minimize the economic impact of the toxins on the entire agriculture industry and their harmfulness to human and animal health.","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"81 1","pages":"167-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65001298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal aerobiology: exposure and measurement.","authors":"E. Levetin, W. Horner","doi":"10.1159/000058872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058872","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"81 1","pages":"10-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65001505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria: pathogenicity and disease.","authors":"M. English, C. Newton","doi":"10.1159/000058842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058842","url":null,"abstract":"Falciparum malaria is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality resulting from the four human plasmodium species. This chapter deals almost exclusively with this pathogen, although work on other species has contributed to our understanding of the pathogenicity of malaria. Currently approximately 400 million people world-wide are infected with malaria and there are thought to be 130 million new cases of malaria each year. Estimates of attributable mortality suggest that over 1 million people die each year from malaria (http://www.nature.com/nm/specialfocus/malaria, Wahlgren. M, 2000). The great burden of disease is in sub-Saharan Africa where 90% of all deaths occur, the majority of these in children. For this reason the principal focus of this chapter will be on our understanding of the pathogenicity resulting in disease in African children.","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"80 1","pages":"50-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64999854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asexual blood stages of malaria antigens: cytoadherence.","authors":"D. Baruch, S. Rogerson, B. Cooke","doi":"10.1159/000058839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000058839","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76364,"journal":{"name":"Progress in allergy","volume":"80 1","pages":"144-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000058839","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64999663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}